1、MBA 联考-英语(二)-34 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Simply switching Chinese drivers from burning oil to using electricity 1 is created by burning coalresponsible 2 more than 70 percent of such power presently in the Middle Kingdommay not 3 greenhouse gas emissions enough.
2、 “Electric vehicles only make 4 if you are also committed 5 decarbonizing electricity,“ Sperling notes. And globally, it will take a long time for electric vehicles to displace the internal combustion engine. “It would 6 until 2029 to swap to all electric vehicles 7 all new vehicle sales from today
3、forward 8 electric vehicles,“ notes chemical engineer David Rogers. The Toyota Prius and ears like ithybrid electric vehicles, 9 rely on conventional motors in conjunction 10 electric onesgrew to only as 11 as 5 percent of new vehicle sales in the last 10 years. “This thing is going to take a long t
4、ime.“ It may be buses and taxis 12 lead the change 13 their circumscribed routes and return to fixed locations. “Buses are big 14 to hold batteries,“ Wang notes, and they are 15 purchased by big-pockets governments 16 ordinary citizens. One thing seems clear: most driving will be done with internal
5、combustion engines, at 17 for the near future, whether in China, the U. S. or elsewhere. “Under current conditions, only 1 18 2 percent of Chinese consumers 19 willing to buy hybrid vehicles,“ Wang says. “Consumers are not yet 20 to be willing to pay for the environment out of their own pocket.“（分数：
6、10.00）A.whatB.thatC.whoD.itA.toB.inC.ofD.forA.reduceB.deduceC.induceD.introduceA.purposeB.meaningC.senseD.implicationA.byB.toC.atD.inA.takeB.costC.spendD.carryA.whetherB.weatherC.thatD.ifA.isB.areC.wasD.wereA.whichB.whoC.itD.whatA.toB.asC.atD.withA.muchB.manyC.moreD.littleA.whichB.whatC.whoD.thatA.g
7、iveB.go giveC.givenD.givingA.enoughB.or soC.at allD.veryA.largeB.manyC.solelyD.largelyA.less thanB.rather thanC.more thanD.quite ratherA.leastB.mostC.lessD.moreA.byB.toC.onD.inA.areB.isC.doesD.doA.readyB.reallyC.prepareD.appear二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，
8、分数：10.00)In a perfectly free and open market economy, the type of employergovernment or privateshould have little or no impact on the earnings differentials between women and men. However, if there is discrimination against one sex, it is unlikely that the degree of discrimination by government and
9、private employers will be the same. Differences in the degree of discrimination would result in earnings differentials associated with the type of employer. Given the nature of government and private employers, it seems most likely that discrimination by private employers would be greater. Thus, one
10、 would expect that, if women are being discriminated against, government employment would have a positive effect on women“s earnings as compared with their earnings from private employment. The results of a study by Fuchs support this assumption. Fuchs“s results suggest that the earnings of women in
11、 an industry composed entirely of government employers would be 14.6 percent greater than the earnings of women in an industry composed exclusively of private employees, other things being equal. In addition, both Fuchs and Sanborn have suggested that the effect of discrimination by consumers on the
12、 earnings of self-employed women may be greater than the effect of either government or private employer discrimination on the earnings of women employees. To test this hypothesis, Brown selected a large sample of white male and female workers from the 1970 Census and divided them into three categor
13、ies: private employees, government employees, and self-employed. (Black workers were excluded from the sample to avoid picking up earnings differentials that were the result of racial disparities.) Brown“s research design controlled for education, labor-force participation, mobility, motivation, and
14、 age in order to eliminate these factors as explanations of the study“s results. Brown“s results suggest that men and women are not treated the same by employers and consumers. For men, self-employment is the highest earnings category, with private employment next, and government lowest. For women,
15、this order is reversed. One can infer from Brown“s results that consumers discriminate against self-employed women. In addition, self-employed women may have more difficulty than men in getting good employees and may encounter discrimination from suppliers and from financial institutions. Brown“s re
16、sults are clearly consistent with Fuch“s argument that discrimination by consumers has a greater impact on the earnings of women than does discrimination by either government or private employers. Also, the fact that women do better working for government than for private employers implies that priv
17、ate employers are discriminating against women. The results do not prove that government does not discriminate against women. They do, however, demonstrate that if government is discriminating against women, its discrimination is not having as much effect on women“s earnings as is discrimination in
18、the private sector.（分数：10.00）(1).The author would be most likely to agree with which of the following conclusions?（分数：2.00）A.Both private employers and government employers discriminate, with equal effects on women“s earnings.B.If private employers and government employers discriminate, the discrimi
19、nation by private employers has a greater effect on women“s earnings.C.Private employers discriminate; it is possible that government employers discriminate.D.Private employers discriminate; government employers do not discriminate.(2).According to Brown“s study, women“s earnings categories occur in
20、 which of the following orders, from highest earnings to lowest earnings?（分数：2.00）A.Government employment, self-employment, private employment.B.Private employment, self-employment, government employment.C.Government employment, private employment, self-employment.D.Self-employment, private employme
21、nt, government employment.(3).The text mentions all of the following as difficulties that self-employed women may encounter EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.discrimination from suppliers and consumersB.discrimination from financial institutionC.problems in obtaining good employeesD.problems in obtaining governme
22、nt assistance(4).It can be inferred from the text that what is stated in the last paragraph is most probably _.（分数：2.00）A.Brown“s elaboration of his research resultsB.Brown“s tentative inferences from his dataC.Brown“s conclusions based on common-sense reasoningD.the author“s conclusions, based on F
23、uchs“s and Brown“s results(5).The best title which describes the content of the text as a whole would be _.（分数：2.00）A.The Relative Effect of Discrimination by Government Employers, Private Employers, and Consumers on Women“s EarningsB.How Discrimination Affects Women“s Choice of Type of EmploymentC.
24、The Necessity for Eliminating Earnings Differentials in a Free Market EconomyD.The Relative Effect of Private Employer Discrimination on Men“s Earnings as Compared to Women“s Earnings五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)My new home was a long way from the centre of London but it was becoming essential to find a
25、job, so finally I spent a whole morning getting to town and putting my name down to be considered by London Transport for a job on the tube. They were looking for guards, not drivers. This suited me. I couldn“t drive a car but thought that I could probably guard a train, and perhaps continue to writ
26、e my poems between stations. The writers Keats and Chekhov had been doctors. T. S. Eliot had worked in a bank and Wallace Stevens for an insurance company. I would be a tube guard. I could see myself being cheerful, useful, a good man in a crisis. Obviously I would be overqualified but I was willing
27、 to forget about that in return for a steady income and travel privileges those being particularly welcome to someone living a long way from the city centre. The next day I sat down, with almost a hundred other candidates, for the intelligence test, I must have done all right because after half an h
28、our“s wait I was sent into another room for a psychological test. This time there were only about fifty candidates. The examiner sat at a desk. You were signaled forward to occupy the seat opposite him when the previous occupant had been dismissed, after a greater or shorter time. Obviously the long
29、 interviews were the more successful ones. Some of the interviews were as short as five minutes. Mine was the only one that lasted a minute and a half. I can remember the questions now: “Why did you leave your last job?“ “Why did you leave your job before that?“ “And the one before that?“ I can“t re
30、call my answers, except that they were short at first and grew progressively shorter. His closing statement, I thought, revealed a lack of sensitivity which helped to explain why as a psychologist, he had risen no higher than the underground railway. “You have failed the psychological test and we ar
31、e unable to offer you a position.“ Failing to get that job was my low point. Or so I thought, believing that the work was easy. Actually, such jobsbeing a postman is another one I still desiredemand exactly the sort of elementary yet responsible awareness that the habitual dreamer is least qualified
32、 to give. But I was still far short of full self-understanding. I was also short of cash.（分数：10.00）(1).The writer applied for the job because _.（分数：2.00）A.he could no longer afford to live without oneB.he wanted to work in the centre of LondonC.he had received suitable trainingD.he was not intereste
33、d in any other available job(2).The writer thought he was overqualified for the job because _.（分数：2.00）A.he had written many poemsB.he often traveled undergroundC.he had worked in an insurance companyD.he could deal with difficult situations(3).The length of his interview meant that _.（分数：2.00）A.he
34、had not done well in the intelligence testB.he was not going to be offered the jobC.he had little work experience to talk aboutD.he did not like the examiner(4).What was the writer“s opinion of the psychologist?（分数：2.00）A.He was inefficient at his job.B.He was unsympathetic.C.He was unhappy with his
35、 job.D.He was very aggressive.(5).What does the writer realize now that he did not realize then?（分数：2.00）A.How difficult it can be to get a job.B.How unpleasant ordinary jobs can be.C.How badly he did in the interview.D.How unsuitable he was for the job.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It is hardly necessary
36、 for me to cite all the evidence of the depressing state of literacy. These figures from the Department of Education are sufficient: 27 million Americans cannot read at all, and a further 35 million read at a level that is less than sufficient to survive in our society. But my own worry today is les
37、s that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of the middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the
38、image of the classic act of reading. It has been suggested that almost 80 percent of America“s literate, educated teenagers can no longer read without an accompanying noise music in the background or a television screen flickering at the corner of their field of perception. We know very little about
39、 the brain and how it deals with simultaneous conflicting input, but every common-sense intuition suggests we should be profoundly alarmed. This violation of concentration, silence, solitude goes to the very heart of our notion of literacy; this new form of part-reading, of part-perception against b
40、ackground distraction, renders impossible certain essential acts of apprehension and concentration, let alone that most important tribute any human being can pay to a poem or a piece of prose he or she really loves, which is to learn it by heart. Not by brain, by heart; the expression is vital. Unde
41、r these circumstances, the question of what future there is for the arts of reading is a real one. Ahead of us lie technical, psychic, and social transformations probably much more dramatic than those brought about by Gutenberg, the German inventor in printing. The Gutenberg revolution, as we now kn
42、ow it, took a long time; its effects are still being debated. The information revolution will touch every fact of composition, publication, distribution, and reading. No one in the book industry can say with any confidence what will happen to the book as we“ve known it.（分数：10.00）(1).The picture of t
43、he reading ability of the American people, drawn by the author, is _.（分数：2.00）A.rather bleakB.very impressiveC.fairly brightD.quite encouraging(2).The author“s biggest concern is _.（分数：2.00）A.elementary school children“s disinterest in reading classicsB.the surprisingly low rate of literacy in the U
44、. S.C.the musical setting American readers require for readingD.the reading ability and reading behavior of the middle class(3).A major problem with most adolescents who can read is _.（分数：2.00）A.their fondness of music and TV programsB.their ignorance of various forms of art and literatureC.their la
45、ck of attentiveness and basic understandingD.their inability to focus on conflicting input(4).The author claims that the best way a reader can show admiration for a piece of poetry or prose is _.（分数：2.00）A.to be able to appreciate it and memorize itB.to analyze its essential featuresC.to think it ov
46、er conscientiouslyD.to make a fair appraisal of its artistic value(5).About the future of the arts of reading the author feels _.（分数：2.00）A.upsetB.uncertainC.alarmedD.pessimistic七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Carly Fiorina, Hewlett-Packard“s chief executive, came out fighting on November 14th. In a confere
47、nce call with analysts, she announced better-than-expected quarterly results, even though profits were down. Ms Fiorina also reiterated why she believes her $ 24 billion plan to acquire Compaq is the best way forward for HP, despite objections by Hewlett and Packard family members. Last week Walter
48、Hewlett, whose father co-founded the company, expressed concern that the merger would increase HP“s exposure to the shrinking PC market and would distract managers from the more important task of navigating through the recession. There are two ways to defend the deal. One is to point out its advanta
49、ges, which is what Ms Fiorina did this week. Merging with Compaq, she said, would enable HP to reach its goals faster than it could on its own. The deal would improve HP“s position in key markets such as storage and high-end computing, as well as the economics of its PC business. It would double the size of HP“s sales force and broaden its customer base, providing more potential clients for its services and consulting arms. It would improve cash flow, margins and efficiency by adding “breadth and depth“ to HP. “Having spent the
