1、MBA 联考-英语(二)-32 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Ausubel of Rockefeller University says the key renewable energy sources, including sun, wind and biofuels, would all require vast 1 of land if developed up to large scale production unlike nuclear power. That land would b
2、e far better left alone, he says. Renewables look attractive when they are quite 2 . But 3 we start producing renewable energy on a large scale, the fallout (结果) is going to be horrible. Instead, Ausubel argues 4 renewed development of nuclear. Ausubel 5 his conclusions by analyzing the amount of en
3、ergy renewables, natural gas and nuclear that can produce in terms of power per square meter of land used. Moreover, he claims that as renewable energy use increases, this measure of efficiency will 6 as the best land for wind, biofuels, and solar power gets used up. Using biofuels to obtain the 7 a
4、mount of energy as a 1000 megawatt (兆瓦) nuclear power plant would require 2500 square kilometers of farm 8 , Ausubel says. “We should be sparing land for nature, not using it as pasture (牧场，草地) for cars and trucks,“ he adds. Solar power is 9 more efficient than biofuel in terms of the area of land 1
5、0 , but it would still require 150 square kilometers of photovoltaic (光电的) cells to 11 the energy production of the 1000 MW nuclear plant. In another example, he says meeting the 2005 US electricity demand 12 wind power alone would need 780, 000 square kilometers, an area the size of Texas. However,
6、 several experts are highly critical 13 Ausubel“s conclusions. John Turner of the US government“s National Renewable Energy Laboratory says that 14 the US got all of its power from solar energy, it would still need less than half the amount of land that has been paved over for highways. Further, it
7、need not 15 additional land. The US could get a quarter of its energy just from covering rooftops of 16 buildings, he says. According to Turner, the same “dual use“ also 17 to wind power. The footprint for wind is only 5% of the land that it 18 . Farmers can still farm the land that the turbines (涡轮
8、机) are on. Turner says looking solely at land use is an oversimplification of the 19 “I“m not sure I“d want to build one of these nuclear plants in Afghanistan, but we could 19 put in wind and solar power,“ he adds.（分数：10.00）A.figuresB.amountsC.numbersD.digitsA.smallB.hugeC.littleD.vastA.unlessB.asC
9、.thoughD.ffA.byB.overC.forD.againstA.agreesB.drawsC.writesD.commentsA.expandB.minimizeC.enlargeD.decreaseA.sameB.similarC.alikeD.identicalA.regionB.siteC.areaD.landA.veryB.muchC.extremelyD.ratherA.leasedB.cultivatedC.usedD.purchasedA.patchB.matchC.catchD.fetchA.asB.forC.viaD.withoutA.inB.withC.ofD.o
10、nA.even ifB.only ifC.what ifD.as ifA.lock upB.take upC.give upD.step upA.toweringB.interestingC.nice-lookingD.existingA.expectsB.appliesC.absorbsD.extendsA.surroundsB.containsC.includesD.coversA.issueB.stuffC.summaryD.suggestionA.doubtfullyB.supposedlyC.certainlyD.honestly二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，
11、分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)At the Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997, it became abundantly clear how complex it has become to work out international agreements relating to the environment because of economic concerns unique to each country. It is no longe
12、r enough to try to forbid certain activities or to reduce emissions of certain substances. The global challenges of the interlink between the environment and development increasingly bring us to the core of the economic life of the states. During the late 1980s we were able, through international ag
13、reements, to make deep cuts in emissions harmful to the ozone layer. These reductions were made possible because substitutions had been found for many of the harmful chemicals and, more important, because the harmful substances could be replaced without negative effects on employment and the economi
14、es of states. Although the threat of global warming has been known to the world for decades and all countries and leaders agree that we need to deal with the problem, we also know that the effects of the measures, especially harsh measures taken in some countries, would be nullified if other countri
15、es do not control their emissions. Whereas the UN team on climate change has found that the emissions of carbon dioxide would have to be cut globally by 60% to stabilize the content of CO 2 in the atmosphere, this path is not feasible for several reasons. Such deep cuts would cause a breakdown of th
16、e world economy. Important and populous low-or medium-income countries are not yet willing to undertake legal commitments about their energy uses. In addition, the state of world technology would not yet permit us to make such a big leap. We must, however, find a solution to the threat of global war
17、ming early in the 21st century. Such a commitment would require a degree of shared vision and common responsibilities new to humanity. Success lies in the force of imaginations, in imagining what would happen if we fail to act. Although many living in cold regions would welcome the global-warming ef
18、fect of a warmer winter, few would cheer the arrival of the subsequent tropical diseases, especially where there had been none.（分数：10.00）(1).The Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997 _.（分数：2.00）A.failed to reach agreements relating to the environmentB.discussed economic concerns about
19、reduction of emissionsC.undertook tasks to find substitutions for harmful substancesD.tried to cope with the challenges of development(2).Reductions of emissions of harmful substances were made possible in the late 1980s, because of all the following EXCEPT _.（分数：2.00）A.substitutions were found for
20、harmful chemicalsB.development of economy was maintainedC.employment was not affectedD.the world economy at the time was good(3).According to the author, it is impossible at present to cut 60% of carbon dioxide emissions globally because _.（分数：2.00）A.some countries don“t attend the international con
21、ferenceB.it would cause a collapse of the world economyC.it is only a goal to be reached in the futureD.some people are lacking in imagination(4).To help solve the problem of global warming, _.（分数：2.00）A.another world conference on climate change should be heldB.advanced technology should be made av
22、ailableC.all the harmful substances should be replacedD.more countries should undertake commitments about energy uses(5).The main purpose of this passage is to _.（分数：2.00）A.analyze the problem of global warmingB.argue against making deep cuts in emissionsC.convince people that global warming is a re
23、al threatD.criticize those who refuse to cut down harmful emissions五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Reebok executives do not like to hear their stylish athletic shoes called “footwear for yuppies“. They contend that Reebok shoes appeal to diverse market segments, especially now that the company offers basket
24、ball and children“s shoes for the under-18 set and walking shoes for older customers not interested in aerobics (健身操) or running. The executives also point out that through recent acquisitions they have added hiking boots, dress and casual shoes, and high-performance athletic footwear to their produ
25、ct lines, all of which should attract new and varied groups of customers. Still, despite its emphasis on new markets, Reebok plans few changes in the upmarket (高档消费人群的) retailing network that helped push sales to $1 billion annually, ahead of all other sports shoe marketers. Reebok shoes, which are
26、priced from $27 to $85, will continue to be sold only in better specialty, sporting goods, and department stores, in accordance with the company“s view that consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution. In the past few years, the Massachusetts-based company has imposed
27、 limits on the number of its distributors (and the number of shoes supplied to stores), partly out of necessity. At times the unexpected demand for Reebok“s exceeded supply, and the company could barely keep up with orders from the dealers it already had. These fulfillment problems seem to be under
28、control now, but the company is still selective about its distributors. At present, Reebok shoes are available in about five thousand retail stores in the United States. Reebok has already anticipated that walking shoes will be the next fitness-related craze, replacing aerobics shoes the same way it
29、s brightly colored, soft leather exercise footwear replaced conventional running shoes. Through product diversification and careful market research, Reebok hopes to avoid the distribution problems Nike came across several years ago, when Nike misjudged the strength of the aerobics shoe craze and was
30、 forced to unload huge inventories of running shoes through discount stores.（分数：10.00）(1).One reason why Reebok“s managerial personnel don“t like their shoes to be called “footwear for yuppies“ is that _.（分数：2.00）A.they believe that their shoes are popular with people of different age groupsB.new pr
31、oduction lines have been added to produce inexpensive shoesC.“yuppies“ usually evokes a negative imageD.the term makes people think of prohibitive prices(2).Reebok“s view that “consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution“ (Line 5, Para. 2) implies that _.（分数：2.00）A.th
32、e quality of a brand is measured by the service quality of the store selling itB.the quality of a product determines the quality of its distributorsC.the popularity of a brand is determined by the stores that sell itD.consumers believe that first-rate products are only sold by high-quality stores(3)
33、.Reebok once had to limit the number of its distributors because _.（分数：2.00）A.its supply of products fell short of demandB.too many distributors would cut into its profitsC.the reduction of distributors could increase its share of the marketD.it wanted to enhance consumer confidence in its products(
34、4).Although the Reebok Company has solved the problem of fulfilling its orders, it _.（分数：2.00）A.does not want to further expand its retailing networkB.still limits the number of shoes supplied to storesC.is still particular about who sells its productsD.still carefully chooses the manufacturers of i
35、ts products(5).What lesson has Reebok learned from Nike“s distribution problems?（分数：2.00）A.A company should not sell its high quality shoes in discount storesB.A company should not limit its distribution networkC.A company should do follow-up surveys of its productsD.A company should correctly evalu
36、ate the impact of a new craze on the market六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Taking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels;
37、 and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision of intelligence asserts formal education and bookish excellence as the true measures of self fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone wh
38、o has more educational merit badges, who is very good at some form of school discipline is “intelligent.“ Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A truer indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life rived each day and each present mo
39、ment of every day. If you are happy, if you live each moment for everything it“s worth, then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at
40、 a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the Nervous Break Down. Intelligent people do not have breakdown because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because th
41、ey know how to deal with the problems of their lives. You can begin to think of yourself as truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Every one who is involved with other human beings in a
42、ny social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements, conflicts and compromises are a part of what it means to be human. Similarly, money, growing old, sickness, deaths, natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able
43、 to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have an breakdown. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don“t measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most
44、rare.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, the conventional notion of intelligence measured in terms of one“s ability to read, write and compute _.（分数：2.00）A.is a widely held but wrong conceptB.will help eliminate intellectual prejudiceC.is the root of all mental distressD.will contribute to one“s
45、self fulfillment(2).It is implied in the paragraph 1 that holding a university degree _.（分数：2.00）A.may result in one“s inability to solve complex real life problemsB.does not indicate one“s ability to write properly worded documentsC.may make one mentally sick and physically weakD.does not mean that
46、 one is highly intelligent(3).The author thinks that an intelligent person knows _.（分数：2.00）A.how to put up with some very prevalent mythsB.how to find the best way to achieve success in tireC.how to avoid depression and make his life worthwhileD.how to persuade others to compromise(4).In the last p
47、aragraph, the author tells us that _.（分数：2.00）A.difficulties are but part of everyone“s lifeB.depression and unhappiness are unavoidable in lifeC.everybody should learn to avoid trying circumstancesD.good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excellence(5).According to the passage, what kind
48、of people are rare?（分数：2.00）A.Those who don“t emphasize bookish excellence in their pursuit of happinessB.Those who are aware of difficulties in life but know how to avoid unhappinessC.Those who measure happiness by an absence of problems but seldom suffer from breakdownD.Those who are able to secur
49、e happiness though struggling with the trying circum-stances七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game“ of espionagespying as a “profession. “ These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan“s vo
