1、MBA 联考-英语(二)-30 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)A new examination of urban policies has been carded out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao. She is a sociologist specializing in climate change and 1 development. She warns that many of the world“s fast-growing urban area
2、s, 2 in developing countries, will likely suffer from the impacts of changing climate. Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to 3 emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse 4 These gases are known to have great 5 on the atmosphere. “Climate change is a deeply local issue and 6 p
3、rofound threats to the growing cities of the world,“ says Romero Lankao, “But too few cities are developing effective strategies to 7 their residents. “ Cities are 8 sources of greenhouse gases. And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate change. Lanka
4、o“s findings highlight ways in which city-residents are particularly vulnerable, and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term 9 . The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater risk for natural disasters. Potential 10 a
5、ssociated with climate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat 11 paved cities more than surrounding areas. The impacts of such natural events can be 12 serious in an urban environment. For example, a prolonged heat wave
6、 can increase existing levels of air pollution, causing widespread health problems. Poorer neighborhoods that may 13 basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads, are especially vulnerable to natural disasters. Many residents in poorer countries live in substandard housin
7、g 14 access to reliable drinking water, roads and basic services. Local governments, 15 , should take measures to protect their residents. “Unfortunately, they tend to move towards rhetoric 16 meaningful responses,“ Romero Lankao writes, “They don“t impose construction standards 17 could reduce heat
8、ing and air conditioning needs. They don“t emphasize mass transit and reduce 18 use. In fact, many local governments are taking a hands-off approach (不插手的政策).“ Thus, she urges them to change their 19 policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects of climate change 20 cities.（分数：10.
9、00）A.economicB.industrialC.ruralD.urbanA.absolutelyB.relativelyC.especiallyD.speciallyA.reduceB.increaseC.studyD.measureA.cropsB.gasesC.fruitsD.plantsA.causeB.valueC.effectD.pressureA.putsB.posesC.takesD.carriesA.educateB.evaluateC.protectD.identifyA.doubtfulB.possibleC.repeatableD.majorA.usesB.chan
10、cesC.curesD.benefitsA.threatsB.interestsC.functionsD.differencesA.locallyB.heavilyC.suddenlyD.mildlyA.moreB.muchC.veryD.evenA.provideB.improveC.lackD.updateA.withoutB.withC.throughD.byA.moreoverB.thereforeC.howeverD.thoughA.other thanB.more thanC.less thanD.rather thanA.whetherB.thatC.whereD.howA.tr
11、ainB.automobileC.busD.bikeA.idleB.smartC.busyD.secureA.ofB.inC.onD.at二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The media can impact current events. As a graduate student at Berkeley in the 1960s, I remember experiencing the events related to the People“s Park
12、that were occurring on campus. Some of these events were given national media coverage in the press and on TV. I found it interesting to compare my impressions of what was going on with perceptions obtained from the news media. I could begin to see events of that time feed on news coverage. This als
13、o provided me with some healthy insights into the distinctions between these realities. Electronic media are having a greater impact on the people“s lives every day. People gather more and more of their impressions from representations. Television and telephone communications are linking people to a
14、 global village, or what one writer calls the electronic city. Consider the information that television brings into your home every day. Consider also the contact you have with others simply by using telephone. These media extend your consciousness and your contact. For example, the video coverage o
15、f the 1989 San Francisco earthquake focused on “live action“ such as the fires or the rescue efforts. This gave the viewer the impression of total disaster. Television coverage of the Iraqi War also developed an immediacy. CNN reported events as they happened. This coverage was distributed worldwide
16、. Although most people were far away from these events, they developed some perception of these realities. In 1992, many people watched in horror as riots broke out on a sad Wednesday evening in Los Angeles, seemingly fed by video coverage from helicopters. This event was triggered by the verdict (裁
17、定) in the Rodney King beating. We are now in an age where the public can have access to information that enables it to make its own judgments, and most people, who had seen the video of this beating, could not understand how the jury (陪审团) was able to acquit (宣布无罪) the policemen involved. Media cove
18、rage of events as they occur also provides powerful feedback that influences events. This can have harmful results, as it seemed on that Wednesday night in Los Angeles. By Friday night the public got to see Rodney King on television pleading, “Can we all get along?“ By Saturday, television seemed to
19、 provide positive feedback as the Los Angeles riot turned out into a rally for peace. The television showed thousands of people marching with banners and cleaning tools. Because of that, many more people turned out to join the peaceful event they saw unfolding (展开) on television. The real healing, o
20、f course, will take much longer, but electronic media will continue to be a part of that process.（分数：10.00）(1).The best title for the passage is _.（分数：2.00）A.The1989 San Francisco EarthquakeB.How Media Cover EventsC.The 1992 Los Angeles RiotsD.The Impact of Media on Current Events(2).The term “elect
21、ronic city“ in Paragraph 2 refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.BerkeleyB.the EarthC.Los AngelesD.San Francisco(3).All the following statements are true EXCEPT that _.（分数：2.00）A.all the events occurring at Berkeley University were given national media coverageB.video coverage of San Francisco earthquake gave the
22、impression of total disasterC.electronic media can extend one“s contact with the worldD.those far away from the events can know realities by watching television(4).The 1992 Los Angeles riots broke out because _.（分数：2.00）A.video coverage from helicopters had made people angryB.video coverage had prov
23、ided powerful feedbackC.the jury acquitted the policemen who had beaten Rodney KingD.people can make their own Judgment(5).It can be inferred from the passage that _.（分数：2.00）A.the 1992 Los Angeles riots lasted a whole weekB.Rodney King seemed very angry when he appeared on television on FridayC.med
24、ia coverage of events as they occur can have either good or bad resultsD.most people seeing the video of beating agree with the verdict of the Jury五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In the 1920s demand for American farm products fell, as European countries began to recover from World War I and instituted auste
25、rity (紧缩) programs to reduce their imports. The result was a sharp drop in farm prices. This period was more disastrous for farmers than earlier times had been, because farmers were no longer self-sufficient. They were paying for machinery, seed, and fertilizer, and they were also buying consumer go
26、ods. The prices of the items farmers bought remained constant, while prices they received for their products fell. These developments were made worse by the Great Depression, which began in 1929 and extended throughout the 1939s. In 1929, under President Herbert Hoover, the Federal Farm Board was or
27、ganized. It established the principle of direct interference with supply and demand, and it represented the first national commitment to provide greater economic stability for farmers. President Hoover“s successor attached even more importance to this problem. One of the first measures proposed by P
28、resident Franklin Roosevelt when he took office in 1933 was the Agricultural Adjustment Act , which was subsequently passed by Congress. This law gave the Secretary of Agriculture the power to reduce production through voluntary agreements with farmers who were paid to take their land out of use. A
29、deliberate scarcity of farm products was planned in an effort to raise prices. This law was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court on the grounds that general taxes were being collected to pay one special group of people. However, new laws were passed immediately that achieved the same resul
30、t of resting soil and providing flood-control measures, but which were based on the principle of soil conservation. The Roosevelt Administration believed that rebuilding the nation“s soil was in the national interest and was not simply a plan to help farmers at the expense of other citizens. Later t
31、he government guaranteed loans to farmers so that they could buy farm machinery, hybrid (杂交) grain, and fertilizers.（分数：10.00）(1).What brought about the decline in the demand for American farm products? A The impact of the Great Depression. B The shrinking of overseas markets. C. The destruction cau
32、sed by the First World War. D. The increased exports of European countries.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The chief concern of the American government about agriculture in the 1920s was _.（分数：2.00）A.to increase farm productionB.to establish agricultural lawsC.to prevent farmers from going bankruptD.to promote
33、 the mechanization of agriculture(3).The Agricultural Adjustment Act encouraged American farmers to _.（分数：2.00）A.be self-sufficient in agricultural productionB.make full use of their landC.adjust the prices of their farm productsD.reduce the expense in agricultural items(4).The Supreme Court rejecte
34、d the Agricultural Adjustment Act because it is believed to _.（分数：2.00）A.cause greater scarcity of farm productsB.give the Secretary of Agriculture enough powerC.benefit neither the government nor the farmersD.benefit one group of citizens at the cost of others(5).It was claimed that the new laws pa
35、ssed during the Roosevelt Administration were aimed at _.（分数：2.00）A.helping farmers rather than other citizensB.pursuing the long-term interest of all peopleC.lowering the burden of farmersD.reducing the cost of farming六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)A nine year old schoolgirl single handedly cooks up a sci
36、ence fair experiment that ends up debunking (揭的真相) a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosa“s target was a practice known as therapeutic (治疗的) touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients“ “energy field“ to make them feel better and even, say some, to cure them of various ills.
37、Yet Emily“s test shows that these energy fields can“t be detected, even by trained “IT practitioners (行医者). Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation, Journal editor George Lundberg appeared on TV to declare, “Age doesn“t matter. It“s good science that matters, and this is good scien
38、ce.“ Emily“s mother Linda Rosa, a registered nurse, has been campaigning against TT for nearly a decade. Linda first thought about TT in the late “80s, when she learned it was on the approved list for continuing nursing education in Colorado. Its 100,000 trained practitioners (48,000 in the U.S.) do
39、n“t even touch their patients. Instead, they waved their hands a few inches from the patient“s body, pushing energy fields around until they“re in “balance.“ TT advocates say these manipulations can help heal wounds, relieve pain and reduce fever. The claims are taken seriously enough that TT therap
40、ists are frequently hired by leading hospitals, at up to $70 an hour, to smooth patients“ energy, sometimes during surgery. Yet Rosa could not find any evidence that it works. To provide such proof, TT therapists would have to sit down for independent testingsomething they haven“t been eager to do,
41、even though James Randi has offered more than $1 million to anyone who can demonstrate the existence of a human energy field. (He“s had one taker so far. She failed.) A skeptic might conclude that TT practitioners are afraid to lay their beliefs on the line. But who could turn down an innocent fourt
42、h grader? Says Emily: “I think they didn“t take me very seriously because I“m a kid.“ The experiment was straight forward: 21 TT therapists stuck their hands, palms up, through a screen. Emily held her own hand over one of theirs left or right and the practitioners had to say which hand it was. When
43、 the results were recorded, they“d done no better than they would have by simply guessing. If there was an energy field, they couldn“t feel it.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is evidence that TT is widely practiced?（分数：2.00）A.TT has been in existence for decadesB.Many patients were cured by the
44、rapeutic touchC.TT therapists are often employed by leading hospitalsD.More than 100, 000 people are undergoing TT treatment(2).Very few TT practitioners responded to the $1 million offer because _.（分数：2.00）A.they didn“t take the offer seriouslyB.they didn“t want to risk their careerC.they were unwi
45、lling to reveal their secretD.they thought it was not in line with their practice(3).The purpose of Emily Rosa“s experiment was _.（分数：2.00）A.to see why TT could work the way it didB.to find out how TT cured patients“ illnessesC.to test whether she could sense the human energy fieldD.to test whether
46、a human energy field really existed(4).Why did some TT practitioners agree to be the subjects of Emily“s experiment?（分数：2.00）A.It involved nothing more than mere guessingB.They thought it was going to be a lot of funC.It was more straightforward than other experimentsD.They sensed no harm in a littl
47、e girl“s experiment(5).What can we learn from the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Some widely accepted beliefs can be deceivingB.Solid evidence weighs more than pure theoriesC.Little children can be as clever as trained TT practitionersD.The principle of TT is too profound to understand七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Th
48、e Supreme Court“s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of
49、 “double effect“, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effectsa good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseenis permissible if the actor intends only the good effect. Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients“ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient. Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, ve
