1、MBA 联考-英语(二)-28 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)If I ask you what constitutes “bad“ eating, the kind that leads to obesity and a variety of connected diseases, you“re likely to answer, “Salt, fat and sugar.“ Yet that“s not a(n) 1 answer. We don“t know everything about
2、the dietary 2 to chronic disease, but the best-qualified people argue that real food is more likely to promote health and less likely to cause disease than hyper-processed food. And we can further 3 that message: Minimally processed foodReal Foodshould 4 our diets. Real food solves the salt/fat/suga
3、r problem. Yes, excess salt may cause high blood pressure, and 5 sodium intake in people with high blood pressure helps. 6 salt is only one of several risk factors in developing high blood pressure, and those who eat a diverse diet and few processed foods need not 7 about salt intake. “Fat“ is a com
4、plicated topic. Most naturally occurring fats are probably essential, but too much of some fats seems 8 . Eat real food 9 your fat intake will probably be fine. “Sugar“ has come to 10 the entire group of processed, nutritionally worthless caloric sweeteners. All appear to be damaging because they“re
5、 added sugars, as 11 to naturally occurring ones. 12 : Sugar is not the only enemy. The enemy is hyper-processed food, 13 sugar. We know that eating real food is a general solution, but a large part of our dietary problems might 14 from the consumption of caloric sweeteners and/or hyper-processed ca
6、rbs. For example, how to limit the intake of sugar? A soda tax is a (n) 15 , proper labeling would be helpful, andquite possibly most important, 16 it“s going to take us a generation or two to get out of this messrestrictions 17 marketing sweet “food“ to children. There“s no reason to 18 action on t
7、hose kinds of moves. But let“s get the science straight so that firm, 19 , sound recommendations can be made 20 the best possible evidence. And meanwhile, let“s also get the simple message straight: It“s “Eat Real Food.“（分数：10.00）A.possibleB.adequateC.familiarD.insufficientA.joinsB.controlC.linksD.i
8、ntegrationsA.refineB.inferC.updateD.shortenA.decideB.replaceC.changeD.dominateA.loweringB.balancingC.increasingD.stoppingA.IndeedB.StillC.UnlessD.ButA.thinkB.complainC.askD.worryA.meaningfulB.harmfulC.stressfulD.helpfulA.soB.orC.andD.ifA.revealB.representC.reserveD.releaseA.similarB.averseC.opposedD
9、.objectedA.In sumB.As a resultC.For instanceD.What“s moreA.includingB.exceptC.excludingD.likeA.dateB.differC.refrainD.stemA.endB.startC.exceptionD.warningA.althoughB.whenC.whileD.becauseA.toB.onC.forD.inA.delayB.takeC.abandonD.giveA.convincingB.inspiringC.interestingD.excitingA.because ofB.based onC
10、.connected withD.thanks to二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Given journalists“ penchant for sticking the suffix “gate“ onto anything they think smells of conspiracy, a public-relations consultant might have suggested a different name. But ResearchGate,
11、 a small firm based in Berlin, is immune to such trivia. It is ambitious, tooaiming to do for the academic world what Mark Zuckerberg did for the world in general, by creating a social network for scientists. And it is successful. About 1.4 million researchers have signed up already, and that number
12、 is growing by 50,000 a month. Non-scientists might be surprised that such a network is needed. After all, the internet was originally created mainly by academics for academics and Mr. Zuckerberg“s invention, Facebook, got its start on college campuses. But though the internet has speeded things up,
13、 it has not fundamentally changed how researchers are connected. Academic communities are still pretty fragmented, frequently making it hard for scientists to find others doing similar research. And results often are not shared across disciplines. To make things more efficient and interdisciplinary,
14、 ResearchGate wants to help the academic world to grow more connective tissue, as Ijad Madisch, one of the firm“s founders, puts it. As on Facebook, users create a profile page with biographical information, list their interests and research skills, and join groups. They can see what others with sim
15、ilar interests are up to and post comments. They can also upload their papers and create invitation-only workgroups. At the moment, most of those users are in their 20s. Their favourite activity is to ask each other questions about practical research problems, from DNA-sequencing techniques to stati
16、stical tricks. They are also busy reading each other“s papers: more than 10 million have been uploaded. The service certainly saves these young researchers trial and error, and therefore time and money. They will probably also like a new feature ResearchGate is planning to introduce in April: a feed
17、back system which lets users rate each other“s contributions. This would allow them to build a reputation other than by publishing papers. Scientists whose reputations are established may be more hesitant, though, and not just because they are set in their ways. Science is not only about collaborati
18、on but also about competition. This limits what people are willing to share. But Dr. Madisch is optimistic. Those who have grown up with Facebook, he says, know that sharing will improve their research. And their older colleagues will eventually come aroundor retire.（分数：10.00）(1).Scientists need suc
19、h a social network because _.（分数：2.00）A.they demand a channel to find others and share research resultsB.the internet hasn“t brought fundamental changes to academic worldC.academic communities are still very fragmentedD.they want to make things more efficient and interdisciplinary(2).According to Ij
20、ad Madisch, ResearchGate is aimed to _.（分数：2.00）A.create a social network for scientistsB.strengthen the connections of academic worldC.improve the research conditions of scientistsD.encourage scientists to share their research result(3).ResearchGate“s new feature probably will be popular among user
21、s because _.（分数：2.00）A.it will help users establish reputation without publishing papersB.it allows users to ask some practical research problemsC.it helps young users save time and moneyD.it allows users to rate each other“s contributions(4).All of the following statements are true EXCEPT _.（分数：2.0
22、0）A.famous scientists are hesitant to share on ResearchGateB.people are unwilling to share owing to competitionC.DrD.the old colleagues will retire in order to express their discontent(5).What is the author“s attitude towards social networking for scientists?（分数：2.00）A.PessimisticB.AmbiguousC.Object
23、iveD.Uninterested五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)What sort of glass you drink from predicts how fast you drink. “Would you like that in a straight or a jug, sir?“ was once a common response to Britishers“ request for a pint in a pub. Like the Lilliputians in Gulliver“s Travels, who argued whether a boiled e
24、gg should be opened at the pointed or the rounded end, beer drinkers were adamant that only from their preferred shape of glass did their drinks taste best. Straight-sided glassessometimes with a bulge a little below the liphave largely won the day. Jugs equipped with handles are now rare. But that
25、is probably because straight glasses are easier for bar staff to collect and stack. The shape of a beer glass does, nevertheless, matter. For a group of researchers at the University of Bristol have shown that it can regulate how quickly someone drinks. Angela Attwood and her colleagues asked 160 un
26、dergraduates80 women and 80 mento do one of four things: drink beer out of a straight glass; drink beer out of a flutea tall narrow wineglass; or drink lemonade from one of these two sorts of glass. To complicate matters further, some of the glasses were full whereas others were half-full. What Dr.
27、Attwood and her team were really interested in was how quickly the various drinks would be drunk. The answer was that a full straight glass of beer was polished off in 11 minutes, on average. A full flute, by contrast, was finished off in seven, which was also the amount of time it took to drink a f
28、ull glass of lemonade, regardless of the type of vessel. If a glass started half-full, however, neither its shape nor its contents mattered. It was drunk in an average of five minutes. Though beer flutes are not common in British pubs, her observation that the shape of a glass can affect how fast it
29、 is drunk from bears investigation. Both health campaigners and breweries would be interested in the results, though they would probably draw opposite conclusions about what is the best-shaped glass in which to serve a bevvy.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first two paragraphs, which of the following
30、 is true?（分数：2.00）A.Beer drinkers also care about the shape and angle when opening a boiled eggB.People prefer to use a glass with a handle when drinking beerC.It is hard for jug lovers and their fellow-drinkers to collect jugsD.Straight glasses are popular in recent years(2).Judging from the contex
31、t, the word “stack“ (Para. 2) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.pileB.storeC.cleanD.preserve(3).How long did it take to drink a full flute of lemonade?（分数：2.00）A.Four minutesB.Five minutesC.Seven minutesD.Eleven minutes(4).What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?（分数：2.00）A.The volunteers spent less tim
32、e in drinking beer out of a jugB.Whether a glass was full or half-full makes no difference to drinking speedC.It took the volunteer five minutes to drink wine out of a straight glassD.If a glass was full of lemonade, its shape matters(5).Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of thi
33、s text?（分数：2.00）A.The beer in the best-shaped glass tastes bestB.What sort of glass can affect the speed of drinkingC.The shape and the contents of a glass matterD.Angela Attwood offers us a research about glasses六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The mythology of a culture can provide some vital insights into
34、 the beliefs and values of that culture. By using fantastic and sometimes incredible stories to create an oral tradition by which to explain the wonders of the natural world and teach lessons to younger generations, a society exposes those ideas and concepts held most important. Just as important as
35、 the final lesson to be gathered from the stories, however, are the characters and the roles they play in conveying that message. Perhaps the epitome of mythology and its use as a tool to pass on cultural values can be found in Aesop“s Fables, told and retold during the era of the Greek Empire. Aeso
36、p, a slave who won the favor of the court through his imaginative and descriptive tales, almost exclusively used animals to fill the roles in his short stories. Humans, when at all present, almost always played the part of bumbling fools struggling to learn the lesson being presented. This choice of
37、 characterization allows us to see that the Greeks placed wisdom on a level slightly beyond humans, implying that deep wisdom and understanding is a universal quality sought by, rather than steanning from, human beings. Aesop“s fables illustrated the central themes of humility and self-reliance, ref
38、lecting the importance of those traits in early Greek society. The folly of humans was used to contrast against the ultimate goal of attaining a higher level of understanding and awareness of truths about nature and humanity. For example, one notable fable features a fox repeatedly trying to reach a
39、 bunch of grapes on a very high vine. After failing at several attempts, the fox gives up, making up its mind that the grapes were probably sour anyway. The fable“s lesson, that we often play down that which we can“t achieve so as to make ourselves feel better, teaches the reader or listener in an e
40、ntertaining way about one of the weaknesses of the human psyche. The mythology of other cultures and societies reveal the underlying traits of their respective cultures just as Aesop“s fables did. The stories of Roman gods, Aztec ghosts and European elves all served to train ancient generations thos
41、e lessons considered most important to their community, and today they offer a powerful looking glass by which to evaluate and consider the contextual environment in which those culture existed.（分数：10.00）(1).The author appears to view fables as _.（分数：2.00）A.the most interesting and valuable form of
42、mythologyB.entertaining yet serious subjects of studyC.a remnant tool of past civilizations, but not often used in the modern ageD.the primary method by which ancient values and ideas were transmitted between generations(2).The way that fables were used in the past is most similar to today“s _.（分数：2
43、.00）A.fairy tales that entertain children at homeB.stories in children“s school textbooks that reinforce the lessonC.science documentaries that explain how nature worksD.movies that depict animals as having human characteristics(3).The main purpose of Paragraph 3 is to _.（分数：2.00）A.examine how one o
44、f Aesop“s fables sheds light on certain facets of Greek beliefB.dissect one of Aesop“s fables in order to study the elements that make up Greek mythologyC.learn from the lesson Presented in one of Aesop“s most well-known fablesD.illustrate a fable typical of Aesop“s style, so as to examine how one g
45、oes about studying the meaning behind it(4).The author names the Roman, Aztec and European cultures in order to _.（分数：2.00）A.identify other cultures in which fables were the primary method by which to pass on traditions and valuesB.explicitly name the various types of characters in those culture“s f
46、ablesC.stress that mythology was used by cultures other than the Greeks to convey societal moralsD.establish them, in addition to the Greeks, as the societies most notable for their mythology(5).The main point of this text is _.（分数：2.00）A.Aesop“s fables provide a valuable glimpse into early Greek th
47、ought and beliefsB.the most efficient and reliable way to study the values system of an ancient culture is through study of its mythologyC.without a thorough examination of a society“s fables and other mythology, a cultural study on that society would be only partialD.through the study of a culture“
48、s mythological tradition, one can discern some of the underlying beliefs that shaped those stories七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious“ both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people“s natural relations, loosened their responsibil
49、ities to kin and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obvious“ is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else. Ev
