1、MBA 联考-英语(二)-17 及答案解析(总分：94.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.In theory, annual performance review are constructive and positive interactions between managers and employees working
2、together to attain U U 1 /U /Uperformance and strengthen the organization. In reality, they often create division, U U 2 /U /Umorale (士气) , and spark anger and jealousy. U U 3 /U /U, although the object of the annual performance review is to improve performance, it often has the U U 4 /U /Uresult. A
3、 programmer at a brokerage (经济) finn was U U 5 /U /Uto learn at her annual performance review that she was denied a promotion U U 6 /U /Ushe wasnt a “team player“ . What were the data used to make this U U 7 /U /U? She didnt smile in the company photo.U U 8 /U /Uthis story might sound as if it came
4、straight out of a comic strip , it is a true U U 9 /U /Uof one womans experience. By U U 10 /U /Ua few tips and guidelines (准则) from industry analysis, this kind of ordeal (厄运) can be avoided.To end the year U U 11 /U /Ua positive and useful performance review, managers and employees must start the
5、year by working together to U U 12 /U /Uclear goals and expectations.It may be helpful to allow employees to submit a list of people U U 13 /U /Uwith the company who will be in a good position to U U 14 /U /Utheir performance at the end of the year is out. These people may be coworkers, suppliers, o
6、r even customers.By checking U U 15 /U /Uprogress at about nine months, managers can give them a chance to correct mistakes and provide U U 16 /U /Uto those who need it before the year is out. When conducting the review, managers should U U 17 /U /Ustrengths and weaknesses during the past year and d
7、iscuss future responsibilities, avoiding punishment or blame.U U 18 /U /U, when employees leave their performance reviews, they should be focusing on U U 19 /U /Uthey can do in the year U U 20 /U /U, not worrying about what went into their files about the past.（分数：4.00）(1). A. normal B. moderate C.
8、maximum D. minimum（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(2). A. heighten B. undermine C. stimulate D. hinder（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Thus B. Nevertheless C. Moreover D. Also（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(4). A. desirable B. opposite C. satisfactory D. erroneous（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(5). A. shocked B. thrilled C. terrified D. dissatisfied
9、（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(6). A. though B. because C. unless D. while（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(7). A. conclusion B. identification C. prejudice D. judgment（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(8). A. Since B. Because C. If D. Although（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(9). A. evaluation B. designation C. account D. exhibition（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(10). A. f
10、ollowing B. retaining C. specifying D. eliminating（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(11). A. in B. with C. by D. for（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(12). A. establish B. accomplish C. attain D. surpass（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(13). A. involved B. associated C. satisfied D. cooperated（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(14). A. supervise B. comment C. assess
11、 D. observe（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(15). A. employees B. customers C. suppliers D. companies（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(16). A. promotion B. information C. guidance D. position（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(17). A. monitor B. verify C. focus D. highlight（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(18). A. In time B. In short C. At last D. For example（分数：0
12、.20）A.B.C.D.(19). A. whether B. how C. what D. why（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.(20). A. next B. ahead C. forth D. after（分数：0.20）A.B.C.D.二、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BPart A/B(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part . Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statemen
13、ts. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer.They are among the 250,000 people under the age of 25 who are out of work in the Netherlands, a group that accounts for 40 percent of the nations unemployed. A storm of anger boils up at the gover
14、nment-sponsored (政府资助的) youth center, even among those who are continuing their studies. “We study for jobs that dont exist. “ Nicollete Steggerda, 23, said.After three decades of prosperity, unemployment among 10 member nations of the European Community has exceeded 11 percent, affecting a total of
15、 12.3 million people, and the number is climbing.The bitter disappointment long expressed by British youths is spreading across the Continent. The title of a rock song “ No Future“ can now be seen written on the brick walls of closed factories in Belgium and France.Recent surveys have found that the
16、 increasing argument in the last few years over the deployment (布局) in Europe of North Atlantic Treaty Organization missiles and the possibility of nuclear war have clouded European youths confidence in the future.One form of protest tends to put the responsibility for a countrys economic troubles o
17、n the large numbers of “guest workers“ from Third World nations, people welcomed in Western Europe in the years of prosperity.Young Europeans, brought up in an extended period of economic success and general stability, seem to resemble Americans more than they do their own parents. Material enjoymen
18、t has given them a sense of expectation, each the right, to a standard of living that they see around them.“And so we pass the days at the discos, or meet people at the caf, and sit and stare. Said Isabella Gcuit. “There is usually not much conversation. You look for happiness. Sometimes you even fi
19、nd it. “（分数：10.00）(1).Unemployment in the Netherlands has affected _. A. one million people B. approximately 12.3 million of people C. 250,000 people D. roughly 0.6 million people（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What Nicollete Steggerda said (Para. 2) suggests that _. A. school education is not sufficient B. th
20、e students aim in study is not clear C. the students cant get work after graduation D. the students lose their motivation in their study（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).British youths _. A. are trying to seek their fortune on the Continent B. are indifferent to the unemployed on the Continent C. have been the f
21、irst to show their disappointment over joblessness D. are sympathetic to the unemployed in France and Belgium（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The author states all the items listed except _. A. European youths are worried about a new world war in the future B. widespread unemployment is beyond European youths e
22、xpectation C. the rock song “No Future“ is an expression of the disappointment of European youth D. about 40% of the guest workers are out of work in Western Europe now（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It seems that young Europeans _. A. are more like Americans than their elders in their way of thinking B. look
23、on life as their elders do C. look more like Americans than their eiders do D. expect more from Americans than from their elders（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.For American parents, bargain prices for toys this holiday season qualify as good news: A Barbie fan who rose before dawn for Wal-Marts Black Friday sale c
24、ould secure the “Barbie Diamond Castle Princess Liana Doll“ for $5-royally marked down from its regular retail price. At Target, a radiocontrolled helicopter cost a mere $15. The price wars were enough to draw consumers out of their bunkers (碉堡) for their first shopping outing in months.But wrapped
25、up with those cheap toys are ominous economic omens for both sides of the Pacific. The rock-bottom prices show how desperate US retailers are to plump up weak consumer demanda symptom of the ailing US economy and a serious problem for China, which makes nine of every 10 toys sold in American stores.
26、The toy industry has played a major role in Chinas economic surge (猛增) over the past 30 years. But Chinese toy makers began feeling the economic squeeze well before the US recession was made official in late November. The volume of Chinese toys passing through eight major US ports was down 5.9 perce
27、nt in the first nine months in 2008, compared to the same period in 2007, according to economic forecasters IHS Global Insight, which tracks the information for the National Federation of Retailers.Chinas new labor contract law which imposed stricter conditions and compensation for layoffs of tempor
28、ary workers took effect in 2007, increasing costs for manufacturers that rely heavily on migrants on production lines, including toy makers and other labor-intensive manufacturers based mainly in southern Guangdong province. Toy makers also were hard hit by the rising price of oil, which surged to m
29、ore than $140 a barrel in June, and in turn sharply increased the price of plastic.Industry sources say the toy makers saw profits squeezed to the point where many tried to renegotiate contracts with buyersespecially major US players like Wal-Mart. When they discovered the buyers wouldnt move even s
30、lightly on the purchase agreements, many simply decided to close their factories. “Over half (of the factories) that have closed had negotiated a price, then when they couldnt get the retailer to move (on the price), they wouldnt make it at a loss and closed down,“ said Britt Beemer, a retail strate
31、gist and founder of Americas Research Group.To be sure, some of the factories that were shut down were small shops that employed only a few dozen workers. And the contraction is to some degree a natural consolidation process in an industry that is overbuilt.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the word “ominous“
32、 (Line 1, Para. 2) mean? A. Prosperous B. Threatening C. Confusing D. Significant（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is TRUE about the toy industry in China? A. The toy industry in China is influenced by the retail business in the US B. The toys made in China have a total market share in the
33、 US C. The toy industry is the main cause for the economic downfall in China D. The toy industry didnt suffer until the US recession was made official（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is the effect Chinas new labor contract law has on toy industry? A. It ensures better protection of temporary workers in the
34、 industry B. Its stricter conditions cause more layoffs in toy industry C. It affects toy industry more than other manufacturing businesses D. It adds more cost for labor-intensive manufacturers like toy makers（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What can you infer from the last paragraph? A. Small factories are mo
35、re seriously affected by the economic recession B. The closing down of toy factories is not extremely serious C. Only a few workers are laid off in each toy manufacturing factory D. It may not be all bad for some of the toy factories to close down（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Whats the main idea of the passa
36、ge? A. The development of toy manufacturing industry in China B. The major causes of the closing down of toy factories C. The present situation of toy industry in China D. The connection between toy industry in China and retailers in the US（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.People find it hard to like businesses once
37、 they grow beyond a certain size. Banks that were “too big to fail“ sparked a global economic crisis and burned bundles of taxpayers cash. Big retailers such as Walmart and Tesco squeeze suppliers and crush small rivals. Some big British firms minimize their tax bills so aggressively that they provo
38、ke outrage.It is shrewd politics to champion the little guy. But the popular fetish for small business is at odds with economic reality. Big firms are generally more productive, offer higher wages and pay more taxes than small ones. Economies dominated by small firms are often sluggish.Countries suc
39、h as Greece, Italy and Portugal have lots of small firms which, thanks to burdensome regulations, have failed to grow. Firms with at least 250 workers account for less than half the share of manufacturing jobs in these countries than they do in Germany, the euro zones strongest economy. For all the
40、support around small business, it is economies with lots of biggish companies that have been able to sustain the highest living standards.Big firms can reap economies of scale. A big factory uses far less cash and labor to make each car or steel pipe than a small workshop. Big supermarkets such as t
41、he Walmart offer a wider range of highquality goods at lower prices than any corner store. Size allows specialization, which fosters innovation.Big firms have their flaws, of course. They can be slow to respond to customers needs, changing tastes or innovative technology. To idolize big firms would
42、be as unwise as to idolize small ones.Rather than focusing on size, policymakers should look at growth. One of the reasons why everyone loves small firms is that they create more jobs than big ones. But many small businesses stay small indefinitely. The link between small firms and jobs growth relie
43、s entirely on new start-ups, which are usually small, and which by definition create new jobs.Rather than spooning out subsidies and regulatory favors to small firms, governments should concentrate on removing barriers to expansion. In parts of Europe, for example, small firms are exemptedfrom the m
44、ost burdensome social regulations. UThis/U gives them an incentive to stay small. Far better to abolish burdensome rules for all firms. The same goes for differential tax rates, such as Britains, and the separate bureaucracy America maintains to deal with small businesses. In a healthy economy, entr
45、epreneurs with ideas can easily start companies, the best of which grow fast and the worst of which are quickly swept aside. Size doesnt matter. Growth does.（分数：10.00）(1).According to Paragraph 1, the British are angered by _. A. the banks that were too big to go bankrupt B. Walmart that presses its
46、 suppliers C. Tesco that oppresses its small competitors D. big companies that reduce their tax payments sharply（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why cant the small enterprises expand in Italy? A. Due to too many rules B. Because of less cash C. For insufficient employees D. Owing to low-quality goods（分数：2.00）A.
47、B.C.D.(3).The connection between small companies and jobs growth depends completely on _. A. their sizes B. economic growth C. newly-founded firms D. supportive policies（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What does the word “This“ (Line 3, Para. 7) most probably refers to? A. To get allowance offered by governments B. To enjoy special preferential policies C. To exempt from the most burdensome social rules D. To have differential tax rates（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Whats the author attitude towards big companies? A. Negative B. Neutral C. Posit
