1、MBA 联考-英语(二)-10 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is (1) to say it anyway. He is that (2) bird, a scientist who works i
2、ndependently (3) any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not (4) thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.(5) he, however, might tremble at the (6) of what he is about to do. Together with another
3、 two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only (7) that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in (8) are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.This group gene
4、rally do well in IQ test, (9) 12-15 points above the (10) value of 100, and have contributed (11) to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the (12) of their elites, including several world renowned scientists, (13) . They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty ge
5、netic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, (14) , have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been (15) to social effects, such as a strong tradition of (16) education. The latter was seen as a (an) (17) of genetic isolation. Dr. Coehran suggests that the intelligence and disease
6、s are intimately (18) . His argument is that the unusual history of these people has (19) them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this (20) state of affairs.（分数：10.00）(1).A. selected B. prepared C. obliged D. pleased（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. unique B. particular C. special D. rare（
7、分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. of B. with C. in D. against（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. subsequently B. presently C. previously D. lately（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. Only B. So C. Even D. Hence（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. thought B. sight C. cost D. risk（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. advises B. suggests C. protests D. objects（分数：
8、0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. progress B. fact C. need D. question（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. attaining B. scoring C. reaching D. calculating（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. normal B. common C. mean D. total（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. unconsciously B. disproportionately C. indefinitely D. unaccountably（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).
9、A. missions B. fortunes C. interests D. career（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. affirm B. witness C. observe D. approve（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. moreover B. therefore C. however D. meanwhile（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. given up B. got over C. carried on D. put down（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. assessing B. supervising
10、 C. administering D. valuing（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. development B. origin C. consequence D. instrument（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. linked B. integrated C. woven D. combined（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. limited B. subjected C. converted D. directed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. paradoxical B. incompatible C. inevi
11、table D. continuous（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The United States is a country made up of many different races. Usually they are mixed together and cant be told from one another. But many of them still talk about where their ances
12、tors came from. It is something they are proud of.The original Americans, of course were the Indians. The so-called white men who then came were mostly from England. But many came from other countries like Germany and France.One problem the United States has always had is discrimination. As new grou
13、ps came to the United States they found they were discriminated against. First it was the Irish and Italians. Later it was the blacks. Almost every group has been able to finally escape this discrimination. The only immigrants who have not are the blacks. Surprisingly enough the worst discrimination
14、 today is shown towards the Indians.One reason the Indians are discriminated against is that they have tried so hard to keep their identity. Of course they are not the only ones who have done so. The Japanese have their Little Tokyo in Los Angeles and the Chinese a Chinatown in New York. The Dutch s
15、ettlement in Pennsylvania also stays separate from other people. Their towns are like something from the 19th century. They have a different reason from the other groups for staying separately. They live separately for religious reasons rather than keep together in a racial group.Although some group
16、s have kept themselves separate and others have been discriminated against, all groups have helped make the United States a great country. There is no group that has not helped in some way. And there is no group that can say they have done the most to make it a great country.Many people still come f
17、rom other countries to help the United States grow. A good example is the American project that let a man walk on the moon. It was a scientist from Germany who was most responsible for doing that. It is certain that in the future the United States will still need the help of people from all racial g
18、roups to remain a great country.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following statements can best describe the main idea of this passage?A. The United States is a country made up of many different races.B. Discrimination is the most serious problem in the United States.C. All races in the United States have
19、helped make the country a great one.D. The prosperity of the United States is mainly due to the hard work of the most discriminated races.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In the first paragraph the word “told“ means _.A. separated B. distinguishedC. revealed D. made known（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).This passage implie
20、s that discrimination is a problem which _.A. many races in the United States have experiencedB. will still be very serious in the United States in the futureC. has already been solved in the United StatesD. is strongly opposed by many different races in the United States（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The mai
21、n reason why the Indians are most discriminated against is that _.A. they have tried hard to keep their religionsB. they have tried hard to live together to keep their Indian customsC. they are the only ones who have tried to keep their identityD. they discriminate many other races（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(
22、5).The Dutch live separately in Pennsylvania _.A. to escape discrimination B. to keep together in a racial groupC. to enjoy themselves in their own towns D. for religious reasons（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The simple act of surrendering a telephone number to a store clerk may not seem h
23、armfulso much so that many consumers do it with no questions asked. Yet that one action can set in motion a cascade of silent events, as that data point is acquired, analyzed, categorized, stored and sold over and over again. Future attacks on your privacy may come from anywhere, from anyone with mo
24、ney to purchase that phone number you surrendered. If you doubt the multiplier effect, consider your E-mail inbox. If its loaded with spam, its undoubtedly because at some point in time you unknowingly surrendered your E-mail to the wrong Web site.Do you think your telephone number or address is han
25、dled differently? A cottage industry of small companies with names youve probably never heard oflike Acxiom or Merlinbuy and sell your personal information the way other commodities like corn or cattle futures are bartered. You may think your cell phone is unlisted, but if youve ever ordered a pizza
26、, it might not be. Merlin is one of many commercial data brokers that advertises sale of unlisted phone numbers compiled from various sources including pizza delivery companies. These unintended, unpredictable consequences that flow from simple actions make privacy issues difficult to grasp, and gra
27、pple with.In a larger sense, privacy also is often cast as a tale of “Big Brother“ the government is watching you or a big corporation is watching you. But privacy issues dont necessarily involve large faceless institutions: A spouse takes a casual glance at her husbands Blackberry, a co-worker look
28、s at E-mail over your shoulder or a friend glances at a cell phone text message from the next seat on the bus. While very little of this is news to anyonepeople are now well aware there are video cameras and Internet cookies everywherethere is abundant evidence that people live their lives ignorant
29、of the monitoring, assuming a mythical level of privacy, people write E-mails and type instant messages they never expect anyone to see. Just ask Mark Foley or even Bill Gates, whose E-mails were a cornerstone of the Justice Departments antitrust case against Microsoft.And polls and studies have rep
30、eatedly shown that Americans are indifferent to privacy concerns. The general defense for such indifference is summed up a single phrase: “I have nothing to hide.“ If you have nothing to hide, why shouldnt the government be able to peek at your phone records, your wife see your E-mails or a company
31、send you junk mails? Its a powerful argument, one that privacy advocates spend considerable time discussing and strategizing over.It is hard to deny, however, that people behave differently when theyre being watched. And it is also impossible to deny that Americans are now being watched more than at
32、 any time in history.（分数：10.00）(1).In the first paragraph, the telephone number is cited to show _.A. many customers didnt keep their privacy confidentialB. it is harmful to give a store clerk a telephone numberC. careless disposal of personal information can be harmfulD. customers should inquire it
33、s use when giving telephone numbers to others（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What do companies like Acxiom and Merlin do?A. Compile telephone directories for businessmen.B. Collect and sell personal information to make a profit.C. Trade commodities like corn on the market.D. Crack down crimes like stealing pri
34、vate information.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).From Paragraph 3, we learn that _.A. cases of privacy intrusion happen only in large institutionsB. people are quite aware of how their privacy is intrudedC. it is not privacy intrusion when a wife glances at her husbands cell phoneD. Bill Gates E-mail messages
35、were cited as evidence against him（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that the author thinks _.A. Americans are actually concerned about privacy issuesB. Americans are indifferent to privacy concernsC. Americans are very frank about privacy concernsD. Americans are puzz
36、led about privacy concerns（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is the authors viewpoint?A. Never give your private information to anyone.B. People should pay more attention to their privacy issues.C. Do not surrender your E-mail to any website.D. It does no good saying “I have nothing to hide
37、“.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Youve now heard it so many times, you can probably repeat it in your sleep. President Obama will no doubt make the point publicly when he gets to Beijing: the Chinese need to consume more; they needbelieve it or notto become more like Americans, for the sak
38、e of the global economy.And its all true. But the other side of that equation is that the U. S. needs to save more. For the moment, American households actually are doing so. After the personal-savings rate dipped to zero in 2005, the shock of the economic crisis last year prompted people to snap sh
39、ut their wallets.In China, the household-savings rate exceeds 20%. As weve seen, wage earners are expected to care for not only their children but their aging parents. And there is, to date, publicly-funded health care and pension systems which increases incentives for individuals to save while they
40、 are working. But China is a society that has long esteemed personal financial prudence (谨慎). There is no chance that will change anytime soon, even if the government creates a better social safety net and successfully encourages greater consumer spending.Why does the U. S. need to learn a little fr
41、ugality (节俭)? Because healthy savings rates are one of the surest indicators of a countrys long- term financial health. High savings lead, over time, to increased investment, which in turn generates productivity gains, innovation and job growth. In short, savings are the seed corn of a good economic
42、 harvest.The U. S. government thus needs to act as well. By running constant deficits, it is dis-saving, even as households save more. Peter Orszag, Obamas Budget Director, recently called the U. S. budget deficits unsustainable and hes right. To date, the U. S. has seemed unable to see the conseque
43、nces of spending so much more than is taken in. That needs to change.Thats what happens when youre the worlds biggest creditor: you get to drop hints like that, which would be enough by themselves to create international economic chaos if they were ever leaked. (Every time any official in Beijing de
44、liberates publicly about seeking an alternative to the U. S. dollar for the $2.1 trillion China holds in reserve, currency traders have a heart attack.) If Americans saved more and spent less, consistently over time, they wouldnt have to worry about all that.（分数：10.00）(1).How did the economic crisis
45、 affect Americans?A. They had to tighten their belts.B. Their bank savings rate dropped to zero.C. Their leadership in the global economy was shaken.D. They became concerned about Chinas financial policy.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What should be done to encourage Chinese to consume?A. Changing their tradi
46、tional way of life.B. Providing fewer incentives for saving.C. Improving Chinas social security system.D. Cutting down the expenses on child-rearing.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does the author mean by saying “savings are the seed corn of a good economic harvest“ (Line 4, Para 4)?A. The more one saves,
47、 the more returns one will reap.B. A countrys economy hinges on its savings policy.C. Those who keep saving will live an easy life in the end.D. A healthy savings rate promotes economic prosperity.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).In what circumstances do currency traders become scared?A. When Chinese government
48、 allows its currency exchange rates to float.B. When China starts to reduce its current foreign reserves.C. When China talks about switching its dollar reserves to other currencies.D. When Chinese government mentions in public the huge debts America owes China.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the author
49、s purpose of writing the passage?A. To urge the American government to cut deficits.B. To encourage Chinese people to spend more.C. To tell Americans not to worry about their economy.D. To promote understanding between China and America.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on the history of gun ownership, gun use, and gun violence in the United States. Our purpose was to consider how social sc
