1、MBA 联考-英语(二)-1 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The mass media is a big part of our culture, yet it can also be a helper, adviser and teacher to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by acting as a (an) (1) for a number of institutions a
2、nd social contacts. In this way, it (2) a variety of functions in human life.The time spent in front of the television screen is usually at the (3) of leisure: there is less time for games, amusement and rest. (4) by what is happening on the screen, children not only imitate what they see but direct
3、ly (5) themselves with different characters. Americans have been concerned about the (6) of violence in the media and its (7) harm to children and adolescents for at least forty years. During this period, new media (8) , such as video games, cable television, music videos, and the Internet. As they
4、continue to gain popularity, these media, (9) television, (10) public concern and research attention.Another large societal concern on our young generation (11) by the media, is body image. (12) forces can influence body image positively or negatively. (13) one, societal and cultural norms and mass
5、media marketing (14) our concepts of beauty. In the mass media, the images of (15) beauty fill magazines and newspapers, (16) from our televisions and entertain us (17) the movies. Even in advertising, the mass media (18) on accepted cultural values of thinness and fitness for commercial gain. Young
6、 adults are presented with a (19) defined standard of attractiveness, a (n) (20) that carries unrealistic physical expectations.（分数：10.00）(1).A. alternative B. preference C. substitute D. representative（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. accomplishes B. fulfills C. provides D. suffices（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. ri
7、sk B. mercy C. height D. expense（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Absorbed B. Attracted C. Aroused D. Addicted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. identify B. recognize C. unify D. equate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. abundance B. incidence C. prevalence D. recurrence（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. disposed B. hidden C. implicit D. pote
8、ntial（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. merged B. emerged C. immerged D. submerged（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. apart from B. much as C. but for D. along with（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. promote B. propel C. prompt D. prosper（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. inspired B. imposed C. delivered D. contributed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A.
9、 External B. Exterior C. Explicit D. Exposed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. As B. At C. For D. In（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. mark B. effect C. impact D. shock（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. generalized B. regularized C. standardized D. categorized（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. boom B. bottom C. brim D. beam（分数：0.50）A.B.C.
10、D.(17).A. over B. with C. on D. at（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. play B. take C. profit D. resort（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. barely B. carefully C. narrowly D. subjectively（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. ideal B. image C. stereotype D. criterion（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0
11、.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Thanks to closed doors and fierce gatekeepers, bosses are tricky to observe in their natural habitat. Yet it might be useful to know what they do all day, and whether any of it benefits shareholders. A new Harvard Business School working paper sheds some light.Researchers
12、 asked the chief executives of 94 Italian firms to have their assistants record their activities for a week. You may take this with a gain of salt. Is the boss assistant a neutral observer? If the boss spends his lunch hour drinking a lot, or in a motel with his assistant, will she record this truth
13、fully? Nonetheless, here are the results.The average Italian boss works for 48 hours a week and spends 60% of that time in meetings. The most diligent put in another 20 hours. And the longer they work, the better the company does.Less diligent chief executives are more likely to have one-to-one meet
14、ings with people from outside the company. The authors speculate that such people are trying to raise their own profile, perhaps to secure a better job. Bosses who work longer hours, by contrast, spend more of them meeting their own employees.Bosses often complain that they get bogged down in day-to
15、-day operations, says Rajesh Chandy, a professor at the London Business School. Regulations that make them legally responsible for their underlings wrongdoings are partly to blame. The prospect of jail is a powerful attention- grabber. Many bosses also feel they must dash around the world pitching t
16、o clients. Mr. Chandy thinks bosses should spend less time with clients and more time thinking about the future.How much time they spend thinking about anything is hard to measure. But in an experiment, Mr Chandy measured how often bosses use forward-looking words like “will“ and “shall“ in their pu
17、blic statements. He concluded that bosses spend only 3%4% of their day thinking about long-term strategy.Brian Sullivan, the chief executive of CTPartners, a headhunting firm, says the most difficult part of his job is saying no to people who want a piece of his time. Mr. Sullivan says the only time
18、 he gets for blue-sky thinking is when he is in the sky.Bill Gates took regular “think weeks“, when he would sit alone in a cabin for 18 hours a day reading and contemplating. This, it is said, led to such strategic masterstrokes as “the Internet tidal wave memo“ in 1995, which shifted Microsofts fo
19、cus to the web. But not every boss thinks he needs more time for thinking. “You can hire McKinsey to do that for you.“ says one.（分数：10.00）(1).The author estimates that peoples attitude towards the working paper of Harvard Business School might be _.A. critical B. suspiciousC. interested D. neutral（分
20、数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The bosses spend more time meeting people outside the company because they plan to _.A. develop more business with other companiesB. get more information of other companiesC. improve their own public impressionD. recruit more talented employees from other companies（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D
21、.(3).According to Paragraph 5, which of the following statement is NOT true?A. Bosses always feel annoyed at the endless routine work.B. Some bosses might be put into prison due to their employees misconduct.C. Many bosses think they need to market their products all over the world.D. Bosses are sup
22、posed to spend more time talking with their customers.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What kind of company McKinsey might be?A. A strategy consulting corporation. B. A headhunting firm.C. A software design company. D. An employment agency.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The most appropriate title for the text could be _.
23、A. The Study on Chief Executives B. How to Be a Qualified BossC. What Do Bosses Do All Day? D. The Boss “Think Weeks/（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In 2007 Safaricom, the biggest mobile operator in Kenya, launched M-PESA, a service that allows money to be sent and received using mobile pho
24、nes. It is used by 70% of the adult population and has become central to the economy: around 25% of Kenyas GNP flows through it.Similar schemes have had some success elsewhere. There has been a particular push in east Africa. Yet in many poor countries where mobile money should be flourishing, it is
25、nt.Mobile-money services are especially useful in developing countries. A worker in the city can send money to his family in the village without having to waste a day travelling on a rickety bus. Indeed, he can pay his familys household bills directly from his phone. It is safer too, nobody wants to
26、 carry wads of currency on public transport.Mobile money also gives its usersmany of whom are poor and have no access to banksa way to save small amounts of money. Mobile transactions are more traceable than cash, making it harder for corrupt officials to embezzle undetected. And lately Kenya has di
27、scovered a further benefit: the success of M-PESA has provided the foundation for a group of start-ups in Nairobi that are building new products and services on top of it.Not all countries need mobile money, of course. Rich countries, with cash machines, credit cards and Interact banking, have littl
28、e use for it. And among developing countries, not all have Kenyas specific mix of circumstances. Safaricom had a dominant market share when it launched M- PESA, giving the service a large base of potential customers. But there is also a bad reason why mobile money has failed to spread. Many of the p
29、oor countries that would most benefit from mobile money seem intent on keeping its suppliers outmainly by insisting they should be regulated like banks.Nobody disputes the idea that financial transactions need to be monitored. But there is also, equally clearly, a rather big difference between a che
30、ap money-transfer system like M-PESA and a full lending bank like Citicorp. The security worries are usually fairly easily dealt with. Placing a limit on the size of transactions and the total balance that can be stored reduces the risk of mobile money being used to launder cash.Another concern is c
31、onsumer protection: cunning operators could steal cash. One compromise, which has been adopted in several African countries, is to get operators to form partnerships with banks.Indeed, rather than fighting mobile money, governments should use it themselves.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT
32、 true according to the first paragraph?A. M-PESA was rolled out by a company in Kenya.B. M-PESA is a money-transfer service via cell phones.C. Over two thirds of adults in Kenya use M-PES.D. Kenyas economy is supported by M-PES.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Mobile money may bring to developing countries all
33、of the following EXCEPT _.A. convenience B. safetyC. corruption D. inspiration（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to Paragraph 5, the failure of launching M-PESA in many poor countries is because _.A. the ATMs there hinder its development B. Safaricom dominates the local marketC. the service is not popul
34、ar among customers D. its suppliers are refused to let in（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).How to solve the security problem of users money when using mobile money?A. To restrict the number of transactions. B. To limit the value of transactions.C. To let operators cooperate with banks. D. To let the governments
35、use the service.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The best title for the text is _.A. The Advantage of Mobile Money B. The Promotion of Mobile MoneyC. The History of Mobile Money D. The Impact of Mobile Money（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Improving the balance between the working part of the day and th
36、e rest of it is a goal of a growing number of workers in rich Western countries. Some are turning away from the ideals of their parents, for whom work always came first; others with scarce skills are demanding more because they know they can get it. Employers, caught between a failing population of
37、workers and tight controls on immigration, are eager to identify extra perks that will lure more “ talent“ their way. Just now they are focusing on benefits (especially flexible working) that offer employees more than just pay.Some companies saw the change of mood some time ago. IBM has more than 50
38、 different programs promoting work-life balance and Bank of America over 30. But plenty of other firms remain unconvinced and many lack the capacity to cater to such ideas even if they wanted to. Helen Murlis, with Hay Group, a human-resources consultancy, sees a widening gap between firms “at the c
39、reative end of employment“ and those that are not.The chief component of almost all schemes to promote work-life balance is flexible working. This allows people to escape rigid nine-to-five schedules and work away from a formal office. IBM says that 40% of its employees today work off the company pr
40、emises. For many businesses, flexible working is a necessity. Globalization has spread the hours in which workers need to communicate with each other and increased the call for flexible shifts.Nella Barkley, an American who advises companies on work-life balance, says that large firms are beginning
41、to understand the value of such schemes, “but only slowly“. For most of them, they still mean little more than child care, health care and flexible working.To some extent, the proliferation of work-life-balance schemes is a function of todays labor market. Companies in knowledge-based industries wor
42、ry about the shortage of skills and how they are going to persuade talented people to work for them. Although white-collar workers are more likely to be laid off nowadays, they are also likely to get rehired. Unemployment among college graduates in America is just over 2%. The same competition for s
43、carce talent is evident in Britain.For some time to come, talented people in the West will demand more from employers, and clear employers will create new gewgaw to entice them to join. Those employers should note that for a growing number of these workers the most appealing gewgaw of all is the fre
44、edom to work as and when they please.（分数：10.00）(1).Employees are demanding more from their employers because _.A. they always put their work as the first thing in lifeB. they are pursuing a more balanced lifestyleC. they are equipped with special skillsD. they are focusing on benefits more than thei
45、r salary（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The present situation about the work-life balance problem is that _.A. many companies have different programs for this problemB. many companies are ready to take effective solutionsC. companies are at two extremes in solving this problemD. many companies are indifferent
46、to this problem（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).IBM is mentioned in the third paragraph to show that _.A. IBM has many different programs enhancing work-life balanceB. flexible working means flexible working timeC. flexible working includes allowing employees to work outside officesD. flexible working can be re
47、alized by flexible shifts（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the text, work-life balance schemes _.A. are now adopted by many large firmsB. mainly contain child care, health care and flexible workingC. are welcomed by white- collar workersD. are the natural result of labor force competition（分数：2.00）A.
48、B.C.D.(5).The word “gewgaws“ (Line 2, Para 6) most probably means _.A. jewelry B. positionsC. policies D. payments（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would probably represent civil servant. When Hoffas Teamsters were in their prime in 1960,
49、 only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union; now 36% do. In 2009 the number of unionists in Americas public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector. In Britain, more than half of public- sector workers but only about 15% of private- sector ones are unionized.There are three reasons for the public- sector unions thriving. First, they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences. Second, they are mostly bright and well-educated. A quarter of Ame
