1、GCT 工程硕士（英语）-试卷 43 及答案解析(总分：134.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：11，分数：22.00)1.Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your
2、 answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：2.00）_2.People can _ new ideas which nobody ever considered before.（分数：2.00）A.came intoB.come up withC.come outD.come along with3.The terrible noise is _ me mad.（分数：2.00）A.turningB.drivingC.settingD.putting4.Some areas, _ their se
3、vere weather conditions, are hardly populated.（分数：2.00）A.due toB.with regard toC.but forD.in spite of5.Too much love that parents give their children may make them _.（分数：2.00）A.harmedB.damagedC.destroyedD.spoiled6.What do you think about these cakes?I“d like to have（分数：2.00）A.some otherB.anotherC.th
4、e otherD.other7.Who allowed you _ my car?（分数：2.00）A.drivingB.to driveC.tidingD.to tide8.Many important officers were _ in that case.（分数：2.00）A.includedB.involvedC.containedD.revolved9.This was the first time that he _ so beautiful scenery.（分数：2.00）A.has seenB.had seenC.would seeD.saw10.I wish I had
5、been in the party last night, but I _.（分数：2.00）A.would be very busyB.has been very busyC.was very busyD.am very busy11.This pair of glasses is similar to _ you bought last week.（分数：2.00）A.the oneB.the one whichC.the ones whatD.the ones二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：50.00)12.Part II Reading Comprehe
6、nsionDirections: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：10.00）_After the vio
7、lent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: the damage and death toll could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25, 000 victims. Inju
8、ries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city“s highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city“s buildings and highways, ma
9、king them more resistant to quakes. Despite the good news, civil engineers aren“t resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints for improved quake-resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place. In the
10、past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The
11、 most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings. The structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake“s vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite
12、direction. The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.（分数：10.00）(1).One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low is that _.（分数：2.00）A.new computers ha
13、d been installed in the buildingsB.it occurred in the residential areas rather than on the highwaysC.large numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holidayD.improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways(2).The function of the computer mentioned in the passage is to
14、_.（分数：2.00）A.counterbalance an earthquake“s action on the buildingB.predict the coming of an earthquake with accuracyC.help strengthen the foundation of the buildingD.measure the impact of an earthquake“s vibrations(3).The smart buildings discussed in the passage _.（分数：2.00）A.would cause serious fin
15、ancial problemsB.would be worthwhile though costlyC.would increase the complexity of architectural designD.can reduce the ground vibrations caused by earthquakes(4).It can be inferred from the passage that in minimizing the damage caused by earthquakes attention should be focused on _.（分数：2.00）A.the
16、 increasing use of rubber and steel in capital constructionB.the development of flexible building materialsC.the reduction of the impact of ground vibrationsD.early forecasts of earthquakes(5).The author“s main purpose in writing the passage is to _.（分数：2.00）A.compare the consequences of the earthqu
17、akes that occurred in the U.S.B.encourage civil engineers to make more extensive use of computersC.outline the history of the development of quake-resistant building materialsD.report new developments in constructing quake-resistant buildingIn bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the c
18、hild“s acquisition(学会) of each new skill the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This mi
19、ght happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural e
20、nthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imp
21、osed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child“s own happiness. As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for
22、morality(道德). Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept“. If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach(说教), their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent
23、fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents“ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.（分数：10.00）(1).Eagerly watching the child“s acquisition of new skills _.（分数：2.00）A.should be avoidedB.is universal among parentsC.sets up dangerous states of worry in
24、 the childD.will make him lose interest in learning new things(2).In the process of children“s learning new skills parents _.（分数：2.00）A.should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they readB.should not expect too much of themC.should achieve a balance between pushing them
25、 too hard and leaving them on their ownD.should create as many learning opportunities as possible(3).The second paragraph mainly tells us that _.（分数：2.00）A.parents should be strict with their childrenB.parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the communityC.parental
26、restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children aloneD.parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation(4).The word “precept“(Line 3, Para. 3) probably means“ _“.（分数：2.00）A.ideaB.punishmentC.behaviourD.instruction(5).In moral matters,
27、parents should _.（分数：2.00）A.observe the rules themselvesB.be aware of the marked difference between adults and childrenC.forbid things which have no foundation in moralityD.consistently ensure the security of their childrenLong after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing t
28、he disputed refereeing(裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament(锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes d
29、uring which different referees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees“ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the
30、 matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum(最佳的)d
31、istance is about 20 meters. There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, football“s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of re
32、fereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFA“s insistence that referees should retire at age 35 may be misguided. If keeping up with the actio
33、n is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.（分数：10.00）(1).The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to _.（分数：2.00）A.review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB.analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC.set a standard for football refereeingD.
34、reexamine the rules for football refereeing(2).The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was _.（分数：2.00）A.slightly above averageB.higher than in the 1998 World CupC.quite unexpectedD.as high as in a standard march(3).The findings of the experiment show that _.（分数：2.00）A.errors are
35、more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB.the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsC.the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurD.errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot(4).The word “officials“(Line 2, Para. 4) most probably
36、refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.the researchers involved in the experimentB.the inspectors of the football tournamentC.the referees of the football tournamentD.the observers at the site of the experiment(5).What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?（分数：2.00）A.The ideal retirement age for an e
37、xperienced football referee is 35.B.Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C.A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D.An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.A few common misconceptions. Beauty is onl
38、y skin-deep. One“s physical assets and liabilities don“t count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best. Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not-so-beautiful people. The virtually un
39、animous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs,
40、 they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted. Un-American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties(虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a grou
41、p-college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paper relating an individual“s accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an ave
42、rage-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted. Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher t
43、he person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good. In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject
44、, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making its easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough
45、literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career as manager _.（分数：2.00）A.a person“s property or debts do
46、not matter muchB.a person“s outward appearance is not a critical qualificationC.women should always dress fashionablyD.women should not only be attractive but also high-minded(2).The result of research carried out by social scientists show that _.（分数：2.00）A.people do not realize the importance of lo
47、oking one“s bestB.women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid wellC.good-looking women aspire to managerial positionsD.attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not(3).Experments by scientists have shown that when people evaluate individuals on certain attrib
48、utes _.（分数：2.00）A.they observe the principle that beauty is only skin-deepB.they do not usually act according to the views they supportC.they give ordinary-looking persons the lowest ratingsD.they tend to base their judgment on the individual“s accomplishments(4).Good looks cut both ways for women(Line 1, Para. 5) means that _.（分数：2.00）A.attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public jobsB.good-looking women always get the best of everythingC.being attractive is not always an advantage for womenD.attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial
