1、GCT 工程硕士（英语）-试卷 37 及答案解析(总分：134.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：11，分数：22.00)1.Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your
2、 answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：2.00）_2.She wasn“t feeling very well; otherwise, she _ the meeting so early.（分数：2.00）A.wouldn“t leaveB.wouldn“t have leftC.didn“t leaveD.hadn“t left3.Mr. Smith said that he did not want to _ any further responsibilities.（分数：2.00）A
3、.get onB.look upC.put upD.take on4.John seems a nice person. _, I don“t trust him.（分数：2.00）A.Even thoughB.Even soC.ThereforeD.Though5._ for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now.（分数：2.00）A.Had it not beenB.Weren“t itC.It were notD.Had not it been6.In a sudden _ of anger, the m
4、an tore up everything within reach.（分数：2.00）A.attackB.burstC.splitD.blast7.Steel is an alloy composed_of iron and carbon.（分数：2.00）A.primarilyB.traditionallyC.carefullyD.partially8.Beijing is well _ its beautiful scenery and the Great Wall.（分数：2.00）A.known asB.known toC.known aboutD.known for9.The fi
5、rst _ in the development of civilized man were probably the invention of primitive weapons and the discovery of fire.（分数：2.00）A.intervalsB.breaksC.stagesD.periods10.Earthworms occur _ adequate moisture and food and the necessary soil conditions are found.（分数：2.00）A.andB.wheneverC.howeverD.wherever11
6、.American football and baseball are becoming known to the British public through televised _ from the United States.（分数：2.00）A.transferB.deliveriesC.transportationD.transmissions二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：50.00)12.Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages, ea
7、ch followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：10.00）_The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equ
8、als happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness, If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain. As a result, many people avoid the
9、 very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment(承担的义务), self improvement. Ask a bachelor(单身汉) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and le
10、ss satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features. Couples with infant children are
11、 lucky to get a whole night“s sleep or a three day vacation. I don“t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couple who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild. Understanding and accepting tha
12、t true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happine
13、ss now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because_.（分数：2.00）A.he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities
14、B.he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains singleC.he finds more fun in dating than in marriageD.he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement(2).Raising children, in the author“s opinion, is_.（分数：2.00）A.a moral dutyB.a thankless jobC.a rewarding taskD.a source
15、 of inevitable pain(3).From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from _.（分数：2.00）A.hatredB.misunderstandingC.prejudiceD.ignorance(4).To understand what true happiness is one must_.（分数：2.00）A.have as much fun as possible during one“s lifetimeB.make every effort to liberate oneself f
16、rom painC.put up with pain under all circumstancesD.be able to distinguish happiness from fun(5).What is the author trying to tell us?（分数：2.00）A.Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.B.One must know how to attain happiness.C.It is important to make commitments.D.It is pain that leads to happin
17、ess.A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin-deep. One“s physical assets and liabilities don“t count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best. Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful
18、 and not-so-beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possib
19、le exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted. Un-American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties(虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works someth
20、ing like this. They give each member of a group-college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paper relating an individual“s accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some sh
21、ow a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted. Almost invariably, the better l
22、ooking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good. In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University
23、 professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making its easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public
24、eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career as manager
25、 _.（分数：2.00）A.a person“s property or debts do not matter muchB.a person“s outward appearance is not a critical qualificationC.women should always dress fashionablyD.women should not only be attractive but also high-minded(2).The result of research carried out by social scientists show that _.（分数：2.0
26、0）A.people do not realize the importance of looking one“s bestB.women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid wellC.good-looking women aspire to managerial positionsD.attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not(3).Experments by scientists have shown that when
27、 people evaluate individuals on certain attributes _.（分数：2.00）A.they observe the principle that beauty is only skin-deepB.they do not usually act according to the views they supportC.they give ordinary-looking persons the lowest ratingsD.they tend to base their judgment on the individual“s accomplis
28、hments(4).Good looks cut both ways for women(Line 1, Para. 5) means that _.（分数：2.00）A.attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public jobsB.good-looking women always get the best of everythingC.being attractive is not always an advantage for womenD.attractive women do not do as well as u
29、nattractive women in managerial positions(5).It can inferred from the passage that in the business world _.（分数：2.00）A.handsome men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women areB.physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite wellC.physically attractive men a
30、nd women who are in the public eye usually get along quite wellD.good looks are important for women as they are for menIn the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful.
31、 Negative events like “serious illness of a family member“ were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stressit only shows how much you have to deal with.
32、And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy. By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled
33、 down to a memorable message. Women“s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness“. If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events. But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even ff stressful events are dangerous, manyhke the death of
34、 a loved one- are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription(处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new
35、job or move. The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we“re all vulnerable(脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity(逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vig
36、or than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and mental strain.（分数：10.00）(1).The result of Holmes-Rahe“s medical research tells us _.（分数：2.00）A.the way you handle major events may cause stressB.what should be done to avoid stres
37、sC.what kind of event would cause stressD.how to cope with sudden changes in life(2).The studies on stress in the early 1970“s led to _.（分数：2.00）A.widespread concern over its harmful effectsB.great panic over the mental disorder it could causeC.an intensive research into stress-related illnessesD.po
38、pular avoidance of stressful jobs(3).The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows _.（分数：2.00）A.how much pressure you are underB.how positive events can change you lifeC.how stressful a major event can beD.how you can deal with life-changing events(4).Why is “such simplistic advice“(Line 1,Para.3) impossi
39、ble to follow?（分数：2.00）A.No one can stay on the same job for long.B.No prescription is effective in relieving stress.C.People have to get married someday.D.You could be missing opportunities as well.(5).According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become _.（分数：2.00）A.nervou
40、s when faced with difficultiesB.physically and mentally strainedC.more capable of coping with adversityD.indifferent toward what happens to themI doubt that any historically valid treatment of that presidential administration can emerge for at least another decade, if then. I confess that when I cam
41、e out of the White House I signed up to do an “insider volume“, but sober, professional second thoughts have led me to put that project on ice until at least 1980. The problem is that I simultaneously know too much, and not enough. I know what I thought was happening. But I cannot fully document wha
42、t happened. And I have seen enough highly classified documents to know that most of what the observers thought was happening was at best half right, at worst dead wrong. This has steered me in a different direction as far as writing is concerned. I am now preparing what is frankly and unashamedly an
43、 ex parte memoir, “My Experiences in Washington.“ It is based on what I believed to be true, on the picture as I conceptualized it, of the presidential administration under which I worked.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the speaker, the problem with “insider volumes“ is that they _.（分数：2.00）A.tell things
44、 that should not be toldB.lack historical perspectiveC.are too sensationalD.often intentionally distort the truth(2).When the speaker says that he “put that project on ice“, he means that he _.（分数：2.00）A.put it in the refrigeratorB.gave up on it completelyC.took a rather cold attitude towards itD.pu
45、t it aside until later(3).When the speaker says that he simultaneously knew “too much, and not enough“, he means that he was _.（分数：2.00）A.more perceptive than others who were involved at this timeB.too close to the events to see them objectivelyC.unable to see any significance in current eventsD.con
46、fused by the number of important events that were taking place(4).The speaker“s experience in reading classified documents made him realize that _.（分数：2.00）A.others had been mistaken in interpreting events that they had observedB.others knew more about current events than he didC.he was the only res
47、ponsible person who knew the truth about government affairsD.he was a more impartial observer than anyone else in the government(5).According to the speaker, “My Experiences in Washington“ will deal with _.（分数：2.00）A.secret documents never before released to the publicB.an “insider“s“ conceptualizat
48、ion of the government“s failuresC.his personal view of that presidential eraD.the administrative problems of the president三、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：40.00)13.Part III ClozeDirections: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：20.00）_A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supplyall these w
