1、GCT 工程硕士（英语）-试卷 2 及答案解析(总分：134.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：11，分数：22.00)1.Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your
2、answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：2.00）_2.You are quite wrong. She _ like you.（分数：2.00）A.canB.hasC.shouldD.does3.I was _ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.（分数：2.00）A.toB.onC.atD.in4.He“s only got one shirt because all the rest _ being washed.（分数：
3、2.00）A.is to beB.IsC.will beD.are5.The FBI arrived in time to prevent the_of the secret documents.（分数：2.00）A.transmissionB.transformationC.transportationD.translation6._pollution control measures tend to be money consuming, many industries hesitate to adopt them.（分数：2.00）A.AlthoughB.HoweverC.WhenD.S
4、ince7.What matters_ not winning but participating.（分数：2.00）A.areB.to beC.wasD.is8.My grandmother _rural life.（分数：2.00）A.has used toB.used toC.is used toD.uses to9.If this kind of fish becomes _ , future generations may never taste it at all.（分数：2.00）A.minimumB.shortC.seldomD.scarce10.The man in the
5、comer confessed to _ a lie to the manager of the company.（分数：2.00）A.have toldB.be toldC.being toldD.having told11.Kathy hopes to become a friend of _ shares her bitterness and happiness.（分数：2.00）A.whomeverB.whateverC.whoeverD.whichever二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：50.00)12.Part II Reading Comprehe
6、nsionDirections: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：10.00）_While still i
7、n its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states, at least in getting people off welfare. It“s estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994. In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens County have been cut in half. But 70 perce
8、nt of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percenttwice the national average. For advocates(代言人) for the poor, that“s an indication much more needs to be done. “More people are get
9、ting jobs, but it“s not making their lives any better“, says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington. A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female headed households were earni
10、ng money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down. But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory. “Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin(毒素) that was poi
11、soning the family“, says Robert Rector, a welfare reform policy analyst. “The reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities. It“s beginning to rebuild the work ethic(道德观), which is much more important“. Mr. Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked“, the
12、n the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.（分数：10.00）(1).From the passage, it can be seen that the author_.（分数：2.00）A.believes the reform has reduced the government“s burdenB.insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poorC.is overenthusiastic about
13、 the success of welfare reformD.considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful(2).Why aren“t people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?（分数：2.00）A.Because many families are divorced.B.Because government aid is now rare.C.Because their wages are low.D.Because the cost of living is risi
14、ng.(3).What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that_.（分数：2.00）A.greater efforts should be made to improve people“s living standardsB.70 percent of the people there have been employed for two yearsC.40 percent of the population no longer relies on welfareD.the living standards of mo
15、st people are going down(4).From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at_.（分数：2.00）A.saving welfare fundsB.rebuilding the work ethicC.providing more jobsD.cutting government expenses(5).According to the passage, before the welfare reform was carried out,_.（分数：2.00）A.the poverty rate was lowe
16、rB.average living standards were higherC.the average worker was paid higher wagesD.the poor used to rely on government aidMany people think there is no need to take special care over home security. “I“m all right, I“m insured“. Maybe if you“re fully insured. Even then you can never recover the real
17、value you place upon your possessions. But you can“t insure against the upset and unhappiness that we all feel if our homes are seriously damaged by some stranger, our windows and doors smashed, our precious possessions ruined. “It won“t happen to me“. Won“t it? A home is broken into almost every mi
18、nute of the day. Thefts of all kinds, including cars and property stolen, happen twice as frequently. “I“ve nothing worth stealing“. You may think not. But in fact every one has something worth a thief“s attention. And we all have things of special value to us even if they“re worth little or nothing
19、 in cash terms. “I“m only a tenant here“. The thief doesn“t care whether you“re a tenant or an owner-occupier. You“re just as likely to be robbed. Have a word with the owner of the house ff you think extra locks and fastenings are necessary. “They“ll get in any way“. Most thieves are always looking
20、for easy jobs. They are soon discouraged by houses they can“t get into quickly and easily. So it“s worth taking care. This booklet will help you. It“s based on the practical experience of police forces throughout the country. Most of the suggestions will cost you only a few minutes extra time and th
21、ought. A few may involve some expense, but this is small compared with the loss and unhappiness you might otherwise suffer. If you are in doubt, ask for free advice from the Crime Prevention Officer at your local police station.（分数：10.00）(1).Why should you still worry about protecting your possessio
22、ns when you have insured them?（分数：2.00）A.You tend to undervalue your possessions.B.You cannot insure against any damage to property.C.A robbery can destroy your happiness at home.D.It takes a long time to recover all your money.(2).What should a tenant do ff he is worried about the security of his h
23、ome?（分数：2.00）A.Fit new locks on all the doors.B.Discuss the matter with the owner.C.Complain to the police.D.Increase his own insurance.(3).The advertisement says that most thieves（分数：2.00）A.prefer stealing from officesB.like causing a lot of damageC.will break in anywhere they want toD.are discoura
24、ged by good security arrangements(4).It seems that many people think that _.（分数：2.00）A.the police will protect them from thievesB.their houses ought to be more secureC.thieves will not choose to steal from themD.thieves only steal from house-owners(5).This advertisement for a booklet aims to influen
25、ce people who _.（分数：2.00）A.have had their houses broken intoB.are not properly insuredC.are afraid of what thieves might doD.have not thought much about securityTwo main techniques have been used for training elephants, which we may call respectively the tough and the gentle. The former method simpl
26、y consists of setting an elephant to work and beating him until he does what is expected. Apart from any moral considerations this is a stupid method of training, for it produces a resentful animal who at a later stage may well turn man-killer. The gentle method requires more patience in the early s
27、tages, but produces a cheerful, good-tempered elephant who will give many years of loyal service. The first essential in elephant training is to assign to the animal a single mahout who will be entirely responsible for the job. Elephants like to have one master just as dogs do, and are capable of a
28、considerable degree of personal affection. There are even stories of half-trained elephant calves who have refused to feed and pained to death when by some unavoidable circumstance they have been deprived of their own trainer. Such extreme cases must probably be taken with a grain of salt, but they
29、do underline the general principle that the relationship between elephant and mahout is the key to successful training. The most economical age to capture an elephant for training is between fifteen and twenty years, for it is then almost ready to undertake heavy work and can begin to earn its keep
30、straight away. But animals of this age do not easily become subservient to man, and a very firm hand must be employed in the early stages. The captive elephant, still roped to a tree, plunges and screams every time a man approaches, and for several days will probably refuse all food through anger an
31、d fear. Sometimes a tame elephant is tethered nearby to give the wild one confidence, and in most cases the captive gradually quietens down and begins to accept its food. The next stage is to get the elephant to the training establishment, a ticklish business which is achieved with the aid of two ta
32、me elephants roped to the captive on either side. When several elephants are being trained at one time, it is customary for the new arrival to be placed between the stalls of two captives whose training is already well advanced. It is then left completely undisturbed with plenty of food and water so
33、 that it can absorb the atmosphere of its new home and see that nothing particularly alarming is happening to its companions when it is eating normally, its own training begins. The trainer stands in front of the elephant holding a long stick with a sharp metal point. Two assistants, mounted on tame
34、 elephants, control the captive from either side, while others rub their hands over his skin to the accompaniment of a monotonous and soothing chant. This is supposed to induce pleasurable sensations in the elephant, and its effects are reinforced by the use of endearing epithets, such as “ho! my so
35、n“, or “ho! My father“, or “my mother“ according to the age and sex of the captive. The elephant is not immediately susceptible to such blandishments, however, and usually lashes fiercely with its trunk in all directions. These movements are controlled by the trainer with the metal-pointed stick, an
36、d the trunk eventually becomes so sore that the elephant curls it up and seldom afterwards uses it for offensive purposes.（分数：10.00）(1).The ill-treatment of an elephant during training _.（分数：2.00）A.can have unpleasant consequences laterB.is the most effective method availableC.increases the time it
37、takes to train the animalD.ensures loyal service for years to come(2).An elephant will only be trained successfully if _.（分数：2.00）A.the mahout is a responsible personB.elephant calves don“t refuse to feedC.the mahout and the elephant get on well togetherD.several trainers are assigned to the job(3).
38、The main attraction of training mature elephants is _.（分数：2.00）A.early financial returnsB.their willingness to obey their trainersC.the avoidance of anxiety in the elephantD.that elephants are difficult to keep(4).19 A mature elephant is only subjected to training when _.（分数：2.00）A.it is with other
39、elephantsB.the mahout has established a good relationship with itC.the animal is feeding normallyD.it needs to be controlled with a sharp pointed stick(5).This passage mainly discusses _.（分数：2.00）A.two techniques used for training elephantsB.the unhuman method used in training elephantsC.how to trai
40、n the elephantD.through the tough method we cannot train the elephant successfullyNot too many decades ago it seemed “obvious“ both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people“s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin (亲戚) and neighbors, and sub
41、stituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obviousness“ is not tree. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you ar
42、e a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else. Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds.
43、Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanis
44、m may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city
45、dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers. These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out
46、for young troublemakers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community“s population size and its social heterogeneity (多样性). For instance, sociologists have found that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites
47、 are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan (见多识广者的) outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called un
48、desirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Two contrasting views are presented.B.An argument is examined and possi
49、ble solutions given.C.Research results concerning the quality of urban life are presented in order of time.D.A detailed description of the difference between urban and small-town life is given.(2).According to the passage, it was once a common belief that urban residents _.（分数：2.00）A.did not have the same inte
