1、2015 年首都师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：44.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：17，分数：30.00)1.英译汉_2.universal value（分数：2.00）_3.Materialism（分数：2.00）_4.Deconstructionism（分数：2.00）_5.managerial bureaucracies（分数：2.00）_6.archaeological anthropology（分数：2.00）_7.汉译英_8.城市化（分数：2.00）_9.基础设施（分数：2.00）_10.经济一体化（分数：2.00）_11.亚太伙伴关系（分数：2
2、.00）_12.持股者（分数：2.00）_13.房地产开发（分数：2.00）_14.知识产权（分数：2.00）_15.宇宙飞船（分数：2.00）_16.太阳系（分数：2.00）_17.团队精神（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：9，分数：14.00)18.英译汉_19.(1)Prose of its very nature is longer than verse, and the virtues peculiar to it manifest themselves gradually.(2)If the cardinal virtue of poetry is love, the ca
3、rdinal virtue of prose is justice; and, whereas love makes you act and speak on the spur of the moment, justice needs inquiry, patience, and a control even of the noblest passions.(3)By justice here I do not mean justice only to particular people or ideas, but a habit of justice in all the processes
4、 of thought, a style tranquillized and a form moulded by that habit.(4)The master of prose is not cold, but he will not let any word or image inflame him with a heat irrelevant to his purpose. Unhasting, unresting, he pursues it, subduing all the riches of his mind to it, .(5)But he has his reward,
5、for he is trusted and convinces, as those who are at the mercy of their own eloquence do not; and he gives a pleasure all the greater for being hardly noticed.(6)In the best prose, whether narrative or argument, we are so led on as we read, that we do not stop to applaud the writer, nor do we stop t
6、o question him.（分数：2.00）_20.(1)As a branch of cognitive science, linguistics, which has direct bearing on verbal communication , has undergone systematic exploration and explicit elaboration.(2)The combination of linguistics and psychology has shed light on how an infant acquires the mother tongue a
7、nd contributed to the great variety of teaching approaches to a foreign language.（分数：2.00）_21.汉译英_22.APEC 会议再次在中国举行，来自全球的数千名记者云集采访。（分数：2.00）_23.各方期待今年的 APEC 在推进区域经济一体化方面取得实实在在的进展；期待亚太继续引领世界经济的复苏和增长；期待中国为 APEC 发展和亚太振兴做出新贡献。（分数：2.00）_24.由于采取各种净化空气的措施，加上天气也还帮忙，在七天的 APEC 会议期间，北京总的来说相对避免了空气污染。（分数：2.00）_2
8、5.红楼梦堪称中国文学经典的代表作。它兼具现实和浪漫色彩，淋漓尽致地描绘了人物的复杂心理和多舛命运，宏大地展现了日常生活百态。（分数：2.00）_26.作为“中国文化的百科全书”，其对外译介的重要性不言而喻，但要做到足本全译，无疑就是攀登文学翻译的一座巅峰。（分数：2.00）_2015 年首都师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：44.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：17，分数：30.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.universal value（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：普世价值)解析：3.Materialism（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：唯物
9、主义；物质主义)解析：4.Deconstructionism（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：解构主义)解析：5.managerial bureaucracies（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：管理层级)解析：6.archaeological anthropology（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：考古人类学)解析：7.汉译英_解析：8.城市化（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：urbanization)解析：9.基础设施（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：infrastructure)解析：10.经济一体化（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：ec
10、onomic integration)解析：11.亚太伙伴关系（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Asia-Pacific Partnership)解析：12.持股者（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：stockholder)解析：13.房地产开发（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：real estate development)解析：14.知识产权（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：intellectual property right)解析：15.宇宙飞船（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：spacecraft)解析：16.太阳系（分数：2.00）_正确答案：
11、(正确答案：solar system)解析：17.团队精神（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：team spirit)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：9，分数：14.00)18.英译汉_解析：19.(1)Prose of its very nature is longer than verse, and the virtues peculiar to it manifest themselves gradually.(2)If the cardinal virtue of poetry is love, the cardinal virtue of prose is justice; and
12、, whereas love makes you act and speak on the spur of the moment, justice needs inquiry, patience, and a control even of the noblest passions.(3)By justice here I do not mean justice only to particular people or ideas, but a habit of justice in all the processes of thought, a style tranquillized and
13、 a form moulded by that habit.(4)The master of prose is not cold, but he will not let any word or image inflame him with a heat irrelevant to his purpose. Unhasting, unresting, he pursues it, subduing all the riches of his mind to it, .(5)But he has his reward, for he is trusted and convinces, as th
14、ose who are at the mercy of their own eloquence do not; and he gives a pleasure all the greater for being hardly noticed.(6)In the best prose, whether narrative or argument, we are so led on as we read, that we do not stop to applaud the writer, nor do we stop to question him.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 本
15、质上，散文的篇幅比诗歌长，其独有的品质是逐渐显现出来的。若诗歌的主要品质是爱，那散文的主要品质就是公平合理。爱会让你因一时冲动而去行动、去表达，而公平合理则需要调查，需要耐心，需要控制情感，即便是最崇高的激情。这里说的公平合理，并非专门针对具体某些人或具体某些思想的公平合理，而是体现在一切思想过程中的一种公平合理的习惯，以及由此产生的沉静风格及由此铸就的形态。散文大家并不冷漠，但他也不允许那些满含激情但又与他的初衷毫不相干的词语或形象来激发他的感情。他从容不迫、坚持不懈地追求着，克制着脑子里丰富的思想活动但他也能获得回报，因为读者信任于他，他也让读者信服，而那些依靠雄辩之辞的人却做不到；他不露
16、声色而给人带来更大的愉悦。阅读最好的散文，无论是叙事的还是说理的，都使我们深深着迷，已无心停下为作者叫好，抑或质询什么。)解析：20.(1)As a branch of cognitive science, linguistics, which has direct bearing on verbal communication , has undergone systematic exploration and explicit elaboration.(2)The combination of linguistics and psychology has shed light on how
17、 an infant acquires the mother tongue and contributed to the great variety of teaching approaches to a foreign language.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 语言学是认知科学的一个分支，和语言交流有着直接关联，它经历了系统探讨和明确阐述的过程。语言学和心理学的交叉研究，揭示了一个婴儿是如何习得母语的，并为外语学习贡献了众多教学方法。)解析：21.汉译英_解析：22.APEC 会议再次在中国举行，来自全球的数千名记者云集采访。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： T
18、housands of journalists from around the world have gathered in Beijing to cover the APEC meeting again.)解析：23.各方期待今年的 APEC 在推进区域经济一体化方面取得实实在在的进展；期待亚太继续引领世界经济的复苏和增长；期待中国为 APEC 发展和亚太振兴做出新贡献。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： The world expects the meeting to achieve tangible progress in advancing regional economic
19、integration. The world also hopes the Asia-Pacific region to continue driving the global economic recovery. China is expected to make new contributions to reviving the Asia-Pacific region.)解析：24.由于采取各种净化空气的措施，加上天气也还帮忙，在七天的 APEC 会议期间，北京总的来说相对避免了空气污染。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Because of all kinds of measu
20、res taken to purify the air, together with the good weather, during the 7-day APEC meeting, the air condition in Beijing was relatively free from pollution.)解析：25.红楼梦堪称中国文学经典的代表作。它兼具现实和浪漫色彩，淋漓尽致地描绘了人物的复杂心理和多舛命运，宏大地展现了日常生活百态。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Dream of the Red Chamber is a classic Chinese literary
21、 work. Written in both realistic and romantic styles, it vividly depicts the complicated mentality and the ill-fated lives of the characters, covering all aspects of peoples daily life.)解析：26.作为“中国文化的百科全书”，其对外译介的重要性不言而喻，但要做到足本全译，无疑就是攀登文学翻译的一座巅峰。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： As the “ Encyclopedia of Chinese Culture,“ it goes without saying that it bears significant importance in translation. To translate the whole book into foreign languages, however, is of no doubt an extremely difficult but extraordinary cause in the field of literature translation.)解析：
