1、2015 年南京大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分:50.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数:22,分数:40.00)1.英译汉_2.UNESCO(分数:2.00)_3.FIFA(分数:2.00)_4.GNP(分数:2.00)_5.APEC(分数:2.00)_6.WWW(分数:2.00)_7.OPEC(分数:2.00)_8.IOC(分数:2.00)_9.e-commerce(分数:2.00)_10.Guinness Book of Records(分数:2.00)_11.local area network(分数:2.00)_12.汉译英_13.中国国家旅游局(分数:2.0
2、0)_14.第三产业(分数:2.00)_15.关税壁垒(分数:2.00)_16.经济全球化(分数:2.00)_17.网上交易平台(分数:2.00)_18.义务教育(分数:2.00)_19.知识产权(分数:2.00)_20.转基因食品(分数:2.00)_21.科学发展观(分数:2.00)_22.可持续发展(分数:2.00)_二、英汉互译(总题数:7,分数:10.00)23.英译汉_24.The scientific interest of American history centered in national character and in the workings of a societ
3、y destined to become vast in which individuals were important chiefly as types. Although this kind of interest was different from that of European history, it was at least as important to the world. Should history ever become a true science, it must expect to establish its laws not from the complica
4、ted story of rival European nationalities but from the economical evolution of a great democracy. North America was the most favorable field on the globe for the spread of a society so large, uniform, and isolated as to answer the purposes of science. There a single homogeneous society could easily
5、attain proportions of three or four hundred million persons, under conditions of undisturbed growth. In Europe or Asia, undisturbed social evolution had been unknown. Without disturbance, evolution seemed to cease. Wherever disturbance occurred, permanence was impossible. Every people in turn adapte
6、d itself to the law of necessity.(164 words)(分数:2.00)_25.汉译英_26.亚洲各国就像一盏盏明灯,只有串联并联起来,才能让亚洲的夜空灯火辉煌。(分数:2.00)_27.中央政府号召各地利用本地优势和特点开发当地的出口型拳头产品。(分数:2.00)_28.为了进一步发展外向型经济,上海最近将出台一系列优惠政策,以鼓励国内外经营者创建更多的三资企业,即中外合资企业、中外合作企业和外商独资企业。(分数:2.00)_29.香港坐落在中国南端的一个弹丸小岛上。在日趋全球化的经济中,香港正扮演着一个非常重要的角色。由于香港的战略位置、面向国际的商业氛围
7、,以及优越的通信条件,香港已成为世界贸易的活动中心和亚太地区的神经中枢。香港和世界上 170 个国家和地区的公司有商业往来,与亚洲其他国家和地区的贸易大幅度增长。香港的集装箱港口是世界上最繁忙的,而且还在进一步扩建。虽然香港开始成为世界金融中心还是最近二十年的事情,但现在海外贷款已占香港银行提供总贷款的一半以上。当这颗东方明珠重新回到祖国的怀抱时,中国人民眼中的香港未来比过去任何时候都更加光明灿烂。(approximately 260 Chinese characters)(分数:2.00)_2015 年南京大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分:50.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、词语翻译
8、(总题数:22,分数:40.00)1.英译汉_解析:2.UNESCO(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization)解析:3.FIFA(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:国际足球联合会(International Federation of Association Football)解析:4.GNP(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:国民生产总值(Gross National Product)解析:5.APEC(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正
9、确答案:亚太经贸合作组织,简称亚太经合组织(The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)解析:6.WWW(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:万维网(World Wide Web)解析:7.OPEC(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:石油输出国组织(Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries)解析:8.IOC(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:国际奥林匹克委员会(International Olympic Committee)解析:9.e-commerce(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确
10、答案:电子商务)解析:10.Guinness Book of Records(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:吉尼斯世界纪录大全)解析:11.local area network(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:局域网)解析:12.汉译英_解析:13.中国国家旅游局(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:China National Tourism Administration(CNTA)解析:14.第三产业(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:the tertiary industry)解析:15.关税壁垒(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:tariff barr
11、iers)解析:16.经济全球化(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:economic globalization)解析:17.网上交易平台(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:online trading platform)解析:18.义务教育(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:compulsory education)解析:19.知识产权(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:intellectual property rights)解析:20.转基因食品(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:genetically modified food)解析:21.科学发展观(分
12、数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:the scientific outlook on development)解析:22.可持续发展(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:sustainable development)解析:二、英汉互译(总题数:7,分数:10.00)23.英译汉_解析:24.The scientific interest of American history centered in national character and in the workings of a society destined to become vast in which individu
13、als were important chiefly as types. Although this kind of interest was different from that of European history, it was at least as important to the world. Should history ever become a true science, it must expect to establish its laws not from the complicated story of rival European nationalities b
14、ut from the economical evolution of a great democracy. North America was the most favorable field on the globe for the spread of a society so large, uniform, and isolated as to answer the purposes of science. There a single homogeneous society could easily attain proportions of three or four hundred
15、 million persons, under conditions of undisturbed growth. In Europe or Asia, undisturbed social evolution had been unknown. Without disturbance, evolution seemed to cease. Wherever disturbance occurred, permanence was impossible. Every people in turn adapted itself to the law of necessity.(164 words
16、)(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案: 科学上对美国历史的兴趣主要集中在其民族特性,以及一个注定强大且强调个性的社会运转方式上。尽管这种兴趣不同于对欧洲历史的兴趣,但对于世界来说至少同样重要。如果历史成了一门真正的科学,它必定要建立起自己的法则。这些法则并非来自对手欧洲列强的复杂历史,而是来自一个伟大的民主国家的经济发展。纵观全球,北美最适宜规模巨大、规范统一且相对隔绝的社会发展,能够满足科学研究的需要。那里,在不受干扰的条件下,一个同质的社会可以轻松达到三亿或四亿人口。在欧洲或亚洲,不受干扰的社会演化是闻所未闻的。没有干扰,演化似乎就停止了。一个地方只要出现干扰,那里就不可能存在一成不
17、变的东西。各个民族都相继适应了这条必然性法则。)解析:25.汉译英_解析:26.亚洲各国就像一盏盏明灯,只有串联并联起来,才能让亚洲的夜空灯火辉煌。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Asian countries are just like a cluster of bright lanterns. Only when we link them together, can we light up the night sky in our continent.)解析:27.中央政府号召各地利用本地优势和特点开发当地的出口型拳头产品。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:The cen
18、tral government called on every region to develop its own export-oriented hit products according to its local advantages and characteristics.)解析:28.为了进一步发展外向型经济,上海最近将出台一系列优惠政策,以鼓励国内外经营者创建更多的三资企业,即中外合资企业、中外合作企业和外商独资企业。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:To further develop the export-oriented economy, Shanghai is to
19、 make a number of preferential policies soon to encourage business people both at home and abroad to set up more enterprises in three kinds of foreign-invested enterprises or ventures, i. e. Sino-foreign joint ventures, Sino-foreign cooperative businesses, and exclusively foreign-owned enterprises.)
20、解析:29.香港坐落在中国南端的一个弹丸小岛上。在日趋全球化的经济中,香港正扮演着一个非常重要的角色。由于香港的战略位置、面向国际的商业氛围,以及优越的通信条件,香港已成为世界贸易的活动中心和亚太地区的神经中枢。香港和世界上 170 个国家和地区的公司有商业往来,与亚洲其他国家和地区的贸易大幅度增长。香港的集装箱港口是世界上最繁忙的,而且还在进一步扩建。虽然香港开始成为世界金融中心还是最近二十年的事情,但现在海外贷款已占香港银行提供总贷款的一半以上。当这颗东方明珠重新回到祖国的怀抱时,中国人民眼中的香港未来比过去任何时候都更加光明灿烂。(approximately 260 Chinese ch
21、aracters)(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Hong Kong, situated on a tiny island on the tip of South China, plays a pivotal role in an increasingly globalized economy. Given its strategic location, internationally-oriented business culture and excellent communications, Hong Kong has been established as a crossroa
22、ds of world trade and the pivot center of the Asia-Pacific region. Hong Kong has commercial links with corporations in 170 countries and regions, its trade with the rest of Asia increasing substantially. The container port here, which is undergoing further expansion, is one of the busiest in the world. Although Hong Kongs emergence as a world financial center came in recent 20 years, its offshore loans account for more than half of the total loans provided by its banks. This Oriental Pearl will have a future brighter than ever before when it returns to the motherlands arms.)解析: