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    【考研类试卷】2015年北京第二外国语学院英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析.doc

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    【考研类试卷】2015年北京第二外国语学院英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析.doc

    1、2015 年北京第二外国语学院英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分:64.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数:32,分数:60.00)1.英译汉_2.Central Intelligence Agency(分数:2.00)_3.A Tale of Two Cities(分数:2.00)_4.National Basketball Association(分数:2.00)_5.Hubble Space Telescope(分数:2.00)_6.Charter of the United Nations(分数:2.00)_7.International Monetary Fund(分

    2、数:2.00)_8.General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(分数:2.00)_9.Intellectual Property Rights(分数:2.00)_10.government procurement(分数:2.00)_11.most-favored-nation treatment(分数:2.00)_12.bilateral arrangement(分数:2.00)_13.Global Positioning System(分数:2.00)_14.American Commodities Exchange(分数:2.00)_15.the Dow-

    3、Jones industrial average(分数:2.00)_16.the United Nations Peace-keeping Forces(分数:2.00)_17.汉译英_18.诗经(分数:2.00)_直译_20.世界文化遗产(分数:2.00)_21.动态对等(分数:2.00)_22.综合国力(分数:2.00)_23.中国工商银行(分数:2.00)_24.国家外汇储备(分数:2.00)_25.扩大内需(分数:2.00)_26.海峡两岸关系(分数:2.00)_27.国家外汇管理局(分数:2.00)_28.全国人民代表大会(分数:2.00)_29.南水北调工程(分数:2.00)_30

    4、.农村剩余劳动力(分数:2.00)_31.经济结构战略性调整(分数:2.00)_32.磁悬浮铁路(分数:2.00)_二、英汉互译(总题数:4,分数:4.00)33.英译汉_34.The Road to SuccessIt is well that young men should begin at the beginning and occupy the most subordinate positions. Many of the leading businessmen of Pittsburgh had a serious responsibility thrust upon them a

    5、t the very threshold of their career. They were introduced to the broom, and spent the first hours of their business lives sweeping out the office. I notice we have janitors and janitresses now in offices, and our young men unfortunately miss that salutary branch of business education. But if by cha

    6、nce the professional sweeper is absent any morning, the boy who has the genius of the future partner in him will not hesitate to try his hand at the broom. It does not hurt the newest comer to sweep out the office if necessary. I was one of those sweepers myself.Assuming that you have all obtained e

    7、mployment and are fairly started, my advice to you is “aim high. “ I would not give a fig for the young man who does not already see himself the partner or the head of an important firm. Do not rest content for a moment in your thoughts as head clerk, or foreman, or general manager in any concern, n

    8、o matter how extensive. Say to yourself, “My place is at the top. “ Be king in your dreams.And here is the prime condition of success, the great secret: concentrate your energy, thought, and capital exclusively upon the business in which you are engaged. Having begun in one line, resolve to fight it

    9、 out on that line, to lead in it, adopt every improvement, have the best machinery, and know the most about it.(分数:2.00)_35.汉译英_36.据知名分析师称,最近在西非爆发的埃博拉疫情很有可能会损害几内亚、利比里亚和塞拉利昂或许还有尼日利亚的经济增长和财政状况。一系列病毒预防措施正在抑制商业、运动、旅游和贸易的发展。埃博拉引发了巨大的恐慌。当地民众举行的抗议活动要求政府采取更加有力而有效的措施。埃博拉病毒通过接触感染者血液或其他体液进行传播,已经导致几十名医务人员死亡,一些医

    10、院被迫关闭。 穆迪信用评级服务公司说,抗击埃博拉的费用将增加国家预算压力,商业滞缓将削减税收并导致各国经济增长速度放缓。专家称埃博拉疫情对一些国家经济的损害超过以往,因为疫情都爆发在人口密集区域。专家对此感到担忧并表示说埃博拉病毒对经济的影响令人震惊,因为这些受影响的国家处在可能关闭经济命脉的边缘。 一些航空公司要求乘客登机前洗手并进行体温检测,而其他航空公司已取消相关航班。政府官员也关闭了某些边境、禁止公共聚会和体育活动,并让一些工人待在家里。疾病专家称埃博拉已致 1 000 多人死亡,这个数字可能会继续上升。目前没有有效疫苗和广泛治疗的原因是,各机构没有就采取什么紧急措施达成统一意见。这次

    11、疫情是分散的,极具爆发性,随后快速消失。通常可用低成本的技术含量并不高的措施得到有效控制,但是这一次埃博拉疫情却除外。这些措施包括告诉潜在受感染者如何避免感染,向卫生工作者提供更多防护服和手套、肥皂、水和漂白剂。(分数:2.00)_2015 年北京第二外国语学院英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分:64.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数:32,分数:60.00)1.英译汉_解析:2.Central Intelligence Agency(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:美国中央情报局)解析:3.A Tale of Two Cities(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答

    12、案:双城记)解析:4.National Basketball Association(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:美国职业篮球联赛)解析:5.Hubble Space Telescope(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:哈勃太空望远镜)解析:6.Charter of the United Nations(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:联合国宪章)解析:7.International Monetary Fund(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:国际货币基金组织)解析:8.General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(分数:2.

    13、00)_正确答案:(正确答案:关贸总协定)解析:9.Intellectual Property Rights(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:知识产权)解析:10.government procurement(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:政府采购)解析:11.most-favored-nation treatment(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:最惠国待遇)解析:12.bilateral arrangement(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:双边协议)解析:13.Global Positioning System(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案

    14、:全球卫星定位系统)解析:14.American Commodities Exchange(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:美国商品交易所)解析:15.the Dow-Jones industrial average(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:道琼斯工业指数)解析:16.the United Nations Peace-keeping Forces(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:联合国维和部队)解析:17.汉译英_解析:18.诗经(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:The Book of Songs)解析:直译_正确答案:(正确答案:literal tra

    15、nslation)解析:20.世界文化遗产(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:World Cultural Heritage)解析:21.动态对等(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:dynamic equivalence)解析:22.综合国力(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:comprehensive national strength)解析:23.中国工商银行(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Industrial and Commercial Bank of China)解析:24.国家外汇储备(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:state foreign

    16、exchange reserves)解析:25.扩大内需(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:expand domestic demand)解析:26.海峡两岸关系(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:cross-strait relation)解析:27.国家外汇管理局(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:State Administration of Foreign Exchange(SAFE)解析:28.全国人民代表大会(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:National Peoples Congress)解析:29.南水北调工程(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案

    17、:South-North water diversion project)解析:30.农村剩余劳动力(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:surplus rural workers)解析:31.经济结构战略性调整(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:strategic adjustment of the economic structure)解析:32.磁悬浮铁路(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:magnetic levitation railway)解析:二、英汉互译(总题数:4,分数:4.00)33.英译汉_解析:34.The Road to SuccessIt is we

    18、ll that young men should begin at the beginning and occupy the most subordinate positions. Many of the leading businessmen of Pittsburgh had a serious responsibility thrust upon them at the very threshold of their career. They were introduced to the broom, and spent the first hours of their business

    19、 lives sweeping out the office. I notice we have janitors and janitresses now in offices, and our young men unfortunately miss that salutary branch of business education. But if by chance the professional sweeper is absent any morning, the boy who has the genius of the future partner in him will not

    20、 hesitate to try his hand at the broom. It does not hurt the newest comer to sweep out the office if necessary. I was one of those sweepers myself.Assuming that you have all obtained employment and are fairly started, my advice to you is “aim high. “ I would not give a fig for the young man who does

    21、 not already see himself the partner or the head of an important firm. Do not rest content for a moment in your thoughts as head clerk, or foreman, or general manager in any concern, no matter how extensive. Say to yourself, “My place is at the top. “ Be king in your dreams.And here is the prime con

    22、dition of success, the great secret: concentrate your energy, thought, and capital exclusively upon the business in which you are engaged. Having begun in one line, resolve to fight it out on that line, to lead in it, adopt every improvement, have the best machinery, and know the most about it.(分数:2

    23、.00)_正确答案:(正确答案: 成功之道 年轻人应该从头干起,从最底层的工作做起,这是件好事。匹兹堡有很多大企业家,他们在创业之初,都肩负过“重任”:他们以扫帚相伴,以打扫办公室的方式度过了他们商业生涯的最初时光。我注意到现在的办公室都配备了工友,于是年轻人就不幸错过了商业教育中这个有益的环节。如果哪天上午专职扫地的工友碰巧没来,某个具有未来合伙人气质的年轻人会毫不犹豫地拿起扫帚。必要时新来的员工扫扫地不会有什么损失。我就曾经扫过地。 假如你已经被录用,干得还相当不错,我给你的建议是:要志存高远。一个年轻人,如果不把自己看成一家大公司未来的老板或合伙人,我会对他不屑一顾。不论职位有多高,内心

    24、时刻都不要满足于做一个总管,领班或者总经理。要对自己说:我要迈向顶尖!要做就做你梦想中的国王! 获得成功的首要条件和最大秘诀是:把精力、思想和资本全部集中在所从事的事业上。一旦投入某项事业,就要下定决心在那一领域闯出一片天地来;做这一行的领导人物,点点滴滴地改进,采用最优良的设备,对专业知识熟稔于心。)解析:35.汉译英_解析:36.据知名分析师称,最近在西非爆发的埃博拉疫情很有可能会损害几内亚、利比里亚和塞拉利昂或许还有尼日利亚的经济增长和财政状况。一系列病毒预防措施正在抑制商业、运动、旅游和贸易的发展。埃博拉引发了巨大的恐慌。当地民众举行的抗议活动要求政府采取更加有力而有效的措施。埃博拉病

    25、毒通过接触感染者血液或其他体液进行传播,已经导致几十名医务人员死亡,一些医院被迫关闭。 穆迪信用评级服务公司说,抗击埃博拉的费用将增加国家预算压力,商业滞缓将削减税收并导致各国经济增长速度放缓。专家称埃博拉疫情对一些国家经济的损害超过以往,因为疫情都爆发在人口密集区域。专家对此感到担忧并表示说埃博拉病毒对经济的影响令人震惊,因为这些受影响的国家处在可能关闭经济命脉的边缘。 一些航空公司要求乘客登机前洗手并进行体温检测,而其他航空公司已取消相关航班。政府官员也关闭了某些边境、禁止公共聚会和体育活动,并让一些工人待在家里。疾病专家称埃博拉已致 1 000 多人死亡,这个数字可能会继续上升。目前没有

    26、有效疫苗和广泛治疗的原因是,各机构没有就采取什么紧急措施达成统一意见。这次疫情是分散的,极具爆发性,随后快速消失。通常可用低成本的技术含量并不高的措施得到有效控制,但是这一次埃博拉疫情却除外。这些措施包括告诉潜在受感染者如何避免感染,向卫生工作者提供更多防护服和手套、肥皂、水和漂白剂。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:The recent Ebola outbreak in West Africa is likely to hurt economic growth and government finances in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone a

    27、nd perhaps Nigeria, according to a key analyst. Prevention efforts are crimping commerce, sports, travel and trade. Ebola sparks fear, and protests demanding stronger and smarter government actions. Its spread by contact with blood or other body fluids of infected people, which is why it has killed

    28、scores of medical workers and forced some hospitals to close. Moodys credit rating service says the costs of fighting Ebola will strain national budgets, while the slowdown in commerce will cut tax revenues and could make measurable cuts in each countrys annual GDP growth. Experts say this outbreak is hurting the economy more than previous ones in Africa because it is in a more populated area. The analysts say the economic implications of this Ebola virus are staggering an


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