1、2015年东华大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.non-performing loans（分数：2.00）_3.treasury bills（分数：2.00）_4.tax evasion（分数：2.00）_5.credit rating（分数：2.00）_6.CPA（分数：2.00）_7.prosecution witness（分数：2.00）_8.suffrage（分数：2.00）_9.felony（分数：2.00）_10.burden of proof（分数：2.00）_11.de fa
2、cto（分数：2.00）_12.dim sum（分数：2.00）_13.dietotherapy（分数：2.00）_14.Sakyamuni Buddha（分数：2.00）_15.almanac（分数：2.00）_16.filial piety（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.外向型经济（分数：2.00）_19.指令性计划（分数：2.00）_20.中介机构（分数：2.00）_同比_22.倾斜政策（分数：2.00）_23.民事诉讼法（分数：2.00）_24.正当防卫（分数：2.00）_25.驳回上诉（分数：2.00）_被告_27.无罪推定（分数：2.00）_28.兵马俑（分数：2.00）_
3、刺绣_30.八卦占卜（分数：2.00）_中庸_32.天人合一（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.A nobler want of man is served by nature, namely, the love of Beauty. The ancient Greeks called the world (Kosmos), beauty. Such is the constitution of all things, or such the plastic, power of the human eye, that the primary for
4、ms, as the sky, the mountain, the tree, the animal, give us a delight in and for themselves; a pleasure arising from outline, color, motion, and grouping. This seems partly owing to the eye itself. The eye is the best of artists. By the mutual action of its structure and of the laws of light, perspe
5、ctive is produced, which integrates every mass of objects, of what character soever, into a well colored and shaded globe, so that where the particular objects are mean and unaffecting, the landscape which they compose, is round and symmetrical. And as the eye is the best composer, so light is the f
6、irst of painters. There is no object so foul that intense light will not make beautiful. And the stimulus it affords to the sense, and a sort of infinitude which it hath, like space and time, make all matter gay. Even the corpse has its own beauty. But besides this general grace diffused over nature
7、, almost all the individual forms are agreeable to the eye, as is proved by our endless imitations of some of them, as the acorn, the grape, the pine-cone, the wheat-ear, the egg, the wings and forms of most birds, the lions claw, the serpent, the butterfly, sea-shells, flames, clouds, buds, leaves,
8、 and the forms of many trees, as the palm. For better consideration, we may distribute the aspects of Beauty in a threefold manner. First, the simple perception of natural forms is a delight. The influence of the forms and actions in nature, is so needful to man, that, in its lowest functions, it se
9、ems to lie on the confines of commodity and beauty. To the body and mind which have been cramped by noxious work or company, nature is medicinal and restores their tone. The tradesman, the attorney comes out of the din and craft of the street, and sees the sky and the woods, and is a man again. In t
10、heir eternal calm, he finds himself. The health of the eye seems to demand a horizon. We are never tired, so long as we can see far enough.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.尊敬的各位领导、各位嘉宾，亲爱的老师和同学们： 首先，请允许我代表东华大学，向各位领导、各位嘉宾、老师和同学们参加我校 60周年校庆系列活动之一中外大学校长论坛表示最热烈的欢迎! 我校建校于 1951年，曾名华东纺织工学院、中国纺织大学，1999 年更名为东华大学，目前专任教师 1
11、200余人，在校学生 3万余人。 60 年历经沧桑巨变。我校从建校之初的一所单科性的纺织院校发展成为如今以工为主，工、理、管、文等学科协调发展、有特色的多科性大学。 60 年感悟岁月峥嵘。东华人秉承“崇德博学、砺志尚实”的校训，凝练“积极向上、爱校荣校、崇尚学术、追求卓越、敬业奉献”的精神，与时俱进，攻坚克难，为国家的经济发展和社会进步做出了重要贡献。 今天，高朋满座、嘉宾云集，东华人有机会与来自世界各地大学的校领导和专家学者们，共同探讨“提高办学质量与现代大学制度建设”这个主题。各位嘉宾的真知灼见、各友好院校在发展过程中的经验，将为我校继往开来、持续发展聚集更多元的智慧、开拓更高远的未来。
12、最后，我预祝此次中外大学校长论坛圆满成功。（分数：2.00）_2015年东华大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.non-performing loans（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：不良贷款)解析：3.treasury bills（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：短期国债)解析：4.tax evasion（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：偷税，漏税)解析：5.credit rating（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：信用评级)解析：6.CPA（分数：2
13、.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：注册会计师)解析：7.prosecution witness（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：控方证人)解析：8.suffrage（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(政治性的)选举权；投票权)解析：9.felony（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：重罪)解析：10.burden of proof（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：举证之责)解析：11.de facto（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：实际上)解析：12.dim sum（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：点心(中国食品)解析：13.dietotherap
14、y（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：食物疗法)解析：14.Sakyamuni Buddha（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：释迦牟尼佛像；释迦佛)解析：15.almanac（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：年历；黄历)解析：16.filial piety（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：孝顺；孝心；孝道)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.外向型经济（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：export-oriented economy)解析：19.指令性计划（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：mandatory plans)解析：20.中介机构（分数：2.0
15、0）_正确答案：(正确答案：intermediary agencies)解析：同比_正确答案：(正确答案：compared with the same period of last year)解析：22.倾斜政策（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：preferential policy)解析：23.民事诉讼法（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Civil Procedure Law)解析：24.正当防卫（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：legitimate defence)解析：25.驳回上诉（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：dismissal of appeal)
16、解析：被告_正确答案：(正确答案：defendant)解析：27.无罪推定（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：presumption of innocence)解析：28.兵马俑（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Terra-Cotta Warriors)解析：刺绣_正确答案：(正确答案：embroidery)解析：30.八卦占卜（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the Eight Diagrams)解析：中庸_正确答案：(正确答案：The Golden Mean)解析：32.天人合一（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：theory that man is an in
17、tegral part of nature)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.A nobler want of man is served by nature, namely, the love of Beauty. The ancient Greeks called the world (Kosmos), beauty. Such is the constitution of all things, or such the plastic, power of the human eye, that the primary forms, as the s
18、ky, the mountain, the tree, the animal, give us a delight in and for themselves; a pleasure arising from outline, color, motion, and grouping. This seems partly owing to the eye itself. The eye is the best of artists. By the mutual action of its structure and of the laws of light, perspective is pro
19、duced, which integrates every mass of objects, of what character soever, into a well colored and shaded globe, so that where the particular objects are mean and unaffecting, the landscape which they compose, is round and symmetrical. And as the eye is the best composer, so light is the first of pain
20、ters. There is no object so foul that intense light will not make beautiful. And the stimulus it affords to the sense, and a sort of infinitude which it hath, like space and time, make all matter gay. Even the corpse has its own beauty. But besides this general grace diffused over nature, almost all
21、 the individual forms are agreeable to the eye, as is proved by our endless imitations of some of them, as the acorn, the grape, the pine-cone, the wheat-ear, the egg, the wings and forms of most birds, the lions claw, the serpent, the butterfly, sea-shells, flames, clouds, buds, leaves, and the for
22、ms of many trees, as the palm. For better consideration, we may distribute the aspects of Beauty in a threefold manner. First, the simple perception of natural forms is a delight. The influence of the forms and actions in nature, is so needful to man, that, in its lowest functions, it seems to lie o
23、n the confines of commodity and beauty. To the body and mind which have been cramped by noxious work or company, nature is medicinal and restores their tone. The tradesman, the attorney comes out of the din and craft of the street, and sees the sky and the woods, and is a man again. In their eternal
24、 calm, he finds himself. The health of the eye seems to demand a horizon. We are never tired, so long as we can see far enough.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 大自然除了提供人类衣食所需之外，还满足了一种更高尚的追求那就是满足了人们的爱美之心。 古希腊人把“宇宙”称为“科斯谟斯”，即美丽之意。万物之本性无比奇妙，或者可以说，人类独具适应性的潜能，能够构形筑影。因而，大自然所有的基本形态，蓝天、山峦、树木、鸟兽，等等，都能使我们惊喜。这种惊喜并不依赖外物，也不
25、因其有任何实用目的，只是就万物的线条、色彩、运动与组合看起来都让人爽心怡性。在某种程度上，这可能缘于我们眼睛自身。眼睛是世界上最好的画家。眼睛的结构与光学的法则互动产生出所谓的“透视”，因此任何一组物体，不管它是何种东西，在我们看来都觉得色彩清晰，明暗层次鲜明，井然有序，整体就似乎是一个球。个别的物体或许形态拙劣，了无生趣，但一经组合，就变得对称而完满了。故构图的巧妙非人的眼睛莫属。而要想把色彩铺设的美妙，则要依赖光线。再丑恶的东西，强光之下，也会产生美。光线不但激活了感官，而且光线好似空间和时间，有着能把一切都覆盖的性质，所以任何东西只要在光明下都是赏心悦目的。即使死尸也有它自己的美。自然界
26、所有事物都在“美”的笼罩之下，几乎所有的个体都这么美好。如橡果、葡萄、松果、麦穗、鸡蛋、形形色色的翅膀以及种类繁多的鸟，如狮爪、蛇、蝴蝶、贝壳、火焰、云朵、蓓蕾、绿叶和如棕榈树似的许多树的树干，我们不断地描摹它们，把它们作为“美”的模范。 为了更进一步地了解。我们可将自然之美分三方面剖析。 倘能抱着单纯的心态去感知自然形态也是一种快乐。自然形态和活动的效用对于人生是必不可缺的。就最基本的作用来说，似乎局限于实用和审美两者之间。俗世纷扰牵绊了人的身心，一旦回到大自然中，自然的医疗妙用就得以发挥，让人们恢复身心健康。走出熙熙攘攘闹市的商人和律师，抬头看见蓝天和树木，就会重新感受到人性的本质。在大自
27、然恒久的天籁中，领悟到自我真实的一面。如果要保护眼睛的健康，我们的视野一定要宽阔。只要可以看得久远，我们就永远不会倦怠。)解析：35.汉译英_解析：36.尊敬的各位领导、各位嘉宾，亲爱的老师和同学们： 首先，请允许我代表东华大学，向各位领导、各位嘉宾、老师和同学们参加我校 60周年校庆系列活动之一中外大学校长论坛表示最热烈的欢迎! 我校建校于 1951年，曾名华东纺织工学院、中国纺织大学，1999 年更名为东华大学，目前专任教师 1200余人，在校学生 3万余人。 60 年历经沧桑巨变。我校从建校之初的一所单科性的纺织院校发展成为如今以工为主，工、理、管、文等学科协调发展、有特色的多科性大学。
28、 60 年感悟岁月峥嵘。东华人秉承“崇德博学、砺志尚实”的校训，凝练“积极向上、爱校荣校、崇尚学术、追求卓越、敬业奉献”的精神，与时俱进，攻坚克难，为国家的经济发展和社会进步做出了重要贡献。 今天，高朋满座、嘉宾云集，东华人有机会与来自世界各地大学的校领导和专家学者们，共同探讨“提高办学质量与现代大学制度建设”这个主题。各位嘉宾的真知灼见、各友好院校在发展过程中的经验，将为我校继往开来、持续发展聚集更多元的智慧、开拓更高远的未来。 最后，我预祝此次中外大学校长论坛圆满成功。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Distinguished leaders, guests, dear teachers and students, First of all, please allow me, on behalf of Donghua University, to extend my warmest welcome to your participation in the Sino-Foreign University Presidents Forum. Thi
