1、2014 年天津外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：84.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：42，分数：80.00)1.英译汉_2.shadow banking（分数：2.00）_3.drones（分数：2.00）_4.Edward Snowden（分数：2.00）_5.federal deficit（分数：2.00）_6.Likonomics（分数：2.00）_7.toxic politics（分数：2.00）_8.all-time high（分数：2.00）_9.Learning City（分数：2.00）_10.puppy love（分数：2.00）_11.S
2、chengen Visa（分数：2.00）_12.subway salmon（分数：2.00）_13.selfie（分数：2.00）_14.Obamamania（分数：2.00）_15.connotation（分数：2.00）_16.cohesion and coherence（分数：2.00）_17.discourse analysis（分数：2.00）_18.translation studies（分数：2.00）_19.Esperanto（分数：2.00）_20.denotation（分数：2.00）_21.GMO crops（分数：2.00）_22.汉译英_23.中国梦（分数：2.00
3、）_24.反“四风”运动（分数：2.00）_25.光盘行动（分数：2.00）_26.城镇化（分数：2.00）_27.中国式过马路（分数：2.00）_28.幸福指数（分数：2.00）_29.“中国好声音”（分数：2.00）_30.机构改革（分数：2.00）_雾霾_32.十八届三中全会（分数：2.00）_33.正能量（分数：2.00）_34.创新驱动发展战略（分数：2.00）_35.中华文化“走出去”（分数：2.00）_36.常住人口（分数：2.00）_海淘_38.不靠谱（分数：2.00）_39.奢侈品牌（分数：2.00）_40.黄金周（分数：2.00）_41.群众路线（分数：2.00）_42.照
4、镜子、正衣冠、洗洗澡、治治病（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)43.英译汉_44.Economies of scope are conceptually similar to economies of scale. Whereas economies of scale for a firm primarily refers to reductions in the average cost(cost per unit)associated with increasing the scale of production for a single product typ
5、e, economies of scope refers to lowering the average cost for a firm in producing two or more products. Here, economies of scope make product diversification efficient if they are based on the common and recurrent use of proprietary know-how or on an indivisible physical asset. For example, as the n
6、umber of products promoted is increased, more people can be reached per unit of money spent. At some point, additional advertising expenditure on new products may become less effective(an example of diseconomies of scope). Related examples include distribution of different types of products, product
7、 bundling, product lining, and family branding. If a sales force sells several products, it can often do so more efficiently than if it is selling only one product. The cost of its travel time is distributed over a greater revenue base, so cost efficiency improves. There can also be synergies betwee
8、n products such that offering a range of products gives the consumer a more desirable product offering than would a single product. Economies of scope can also operate through distribution efficiencies: it can be more efficient to ship a range of products to any given location than to ship a single
9、type of product to that location. Further economies of scope occur when there are cost savings arising from byproducts in the production process. An example would be the benefits of heating from energy production having a positive effect on agricultural yields. A company that sells many product line
10、s sells in many countries, or both will benefit from reduced risk levels as a result of its economies of scope. If one of its product lines falls out of fashion or if one country has an economic slowdown, the company will likely be able to continue trading. Not all economists agree on the importance
11、 of economies of scope. Some argue that the concept applies only to certain industries, and then only rarely.（分数：2.00）_45.汉译英_46.现在看手机、网络的越来越多，读报的渐渐少了，有人说将来报纸会不会消失?我们当今的社会还是报纸等传统媒体和网络等新媒体并存，体现了两种不同的生活方式。一种人只看网不看报，一种人只看报不会上网，当然还有两种兼顾。年轻人往往只看网络，不读报纸，这和生活工作方式有关，上网办公、交谈、收发邮件，顺手搜一下各类新闻，很便捷；以为时下的新闻知道了，就不去
12、翻报纸。但我觉得不读报是会有损失的。因为有些报纸能给你的东西不全在网上，网络上更多的是即时的信息碎片，更丰富的生活血肉和富于原创性的、有深度的文章还是需要从报纸等纸质媒体来获取。还有，我总觉得一个人的修养很难在电脑前形成。需要在一些实际的文化空间里渐渐体验与形成，比如博物馆、画廊、剧场以及各种各样的交际，还有读书看报。我想，如果我们的报办得好，读报将来在中国也会成为生活和文化方式之一，一个丰富的社会不会只要一种生活和文化的方式。（分数：2.00）_2014 年天津外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：84.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：42，分数：80.00)1.英
13、译汉_解析：2.shadow banking（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：影子银行)解析：3.drones（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：无人机)解析：4.Edward Snowden（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：爱德华斯诺登)解析：5.federal deficit（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：联邦赤字)解析：6.Likonomics（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：李克强经济学)解析：7.toxic politics（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：有毒政治)解析：8.all-time high（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正
14、确答案：历史最高纪录)解析：9.Learning City（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：学习型城市)解析：10.puppy love（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：早恋)解析：11.Schengen Visa（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：申根签证)解析：12.subway salmon（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：地铁三文鱼)解析：13.selfie（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：自拍)解析：14.Obamamania（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：奥巴马热)解析：15.connotation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确
15、答案：言外之意)解析：16.cohesion and coherence（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：衔接与连贯)解析：17.discourse analysis（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：语篇分析)解析：18.translation studies（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：翻译研究)解析：19.Esperanto（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：世界语)解析：20.denotation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：字面意思)解析：21.GMO crops（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：转基因作物)解析：22.汉译英_解析
16、：23.中国梦（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：China Dream)解析：24.反“四风”运动（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the campaign to oppose formalism，bureaucracy，hedonism and extravagance)解析：25.光盘行动（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Clean Plate Campaign)解析：26.城镇化（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：urbanization)解析：27.中国式过马路（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Chinese style of crossing r
17、oad)解析：28.幸福指数（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：happiness index)解析：29.“中国好声音”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the Voice of China)解析：30.机构改革（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：institutional reform)解析：雾霾_正确答案：(正确答案：smog)解析：32.十八届三中全会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the Third Plenary Session of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China)
18、解析：33.正能量（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：positive energy)解析：34.创新驱动发展战略（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the strategy of innovation-driven development)解析：35.中华文化“走出去”（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the“going abroad”of the Chinese culture)解析：36.常住人口（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：permanent residence)解析：海淘_正确答案：(正确答案：buy productions from overseas
19、 websites)解析：38.不靠谱（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：unreliable)解析：39.奢侈品牌（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：luxury brand)解析：40.黄金周（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：golden week)解析：41.群众路线（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：mass line)解析：42.照镜子、正衣冠、洗洗澡、治治病（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：watch from the mirror，groom oneself，take a bath and seek remedies)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：
20、4，分数：4.00)43.英译汉_解析：44.Economies of scope are conceptually similar to economies of scale. Whereas economies of scale for a firm primarily refers to reductions in the average cost(cost per unit)associated with increasing the scale of production for a single product type, economies of scope refers to
21、lowering the average cost for a firm in producing two or more products. Here, economies of scope make product diversification efficient if they are based on the common and recurrent use of proprietary know-how or on an indivisible physical asset. For example, as the number of products promoted is in
22、creased, more people can be reached per unit of money spent. At some point, additional advertising expenditure on new products may become less effective(an example of diseconomies of scope). Related examples include distribution of different types of products, product bundling, product lining, and f
23、amily branding. If a sales force sells several products, it can often do so more efficiently than if it is selling only one product. The cost of its travel time is distributed over a greater revenue base, so cost efficiency improves. There can also be synergies between products such that offering a range of products gives the consumer a more desirable product offering than would a single product. Economies of scope can also operate through distribution efficiencies: it can
