1、2014 年四川外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.civil law（分数：2.00）_3.mass transit（分数：2.00）_4.wage theory（分数：2.00）_5.mock epic（分数：2.00）_6.counterespionage（分数：2.00）_7.high seas（分数：2.00）_8.CYO（分数：2.00）_9.irrigation and drainage（分数：2.00）_10.ICN（分数：2.00）_11.ILO（分数：2.00）_12
2、.IAEA（分数：2.00）_13.polar front（分数：2.00）_14.higher down payment（分数：2.00）_15.have kissed the Blarney stone（分数：2.00）_16.fat chance（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.中国梦（分数：2.00）_19.工作作风（分数：2.00）_20.网络推手（分数：2.00）_21.民族复兴（分数：2.00）_22.韩国泡菜（分数：2.00）_23.司法公信力（分数：2.00）_24.克强经济学（分数：2.00）_25.航空识别区（分数：2.00）_26.个人财产申报（分数：2.00）_
3、27.重庆东站(火车站名)（分数：2.00）_28.上海自由贸易区（分数：2.00）_29.轮值主席(国)（分数：2.00）_30.国际翻译日主题（分数：2.00）_31.成品油定价机制（分数：2.00）_32.十八届三中全会（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.Athens and Sparta were both Greek cities and their people spoke a common language. In every other respect they were different. Athens rose high fr
4、om the plain. It was a city exposed to the fresh breezes from the sea, willing to look at the world with the eyes of a happy child. Sparta, on the other hand, was built at the bottom of a deep valley, and used the surrounding mountains as a barrier against foreign thought. Athens was a city of busy
5、trade. Sparta was an armed camp where people were soldiers for the sake of being soldiers. The people of Athens loved to sit in the sun and discuss poetry or listen to the wise words of a philosopher. The Spartans, on the other hand, never wrote a single line that was considered literature, but they
6、 knew how to fight, they liked to fight, and they sacrificed all human emotions to their ideal of military preparedness.No wonder that these sombre Spartans viewed the success of Athens with malicious hate. The energy which the defence of the common home had developed in Athens was now used for purp
7、oses of a more peaceful nature. The Acropolis was rebuilt and was made into a marble shrine to the Goddess Athena. Pericles, the leader of the Athenian democracy, sent far and wide to find famous sculptors and painters and scientists to make the city more beautiful and the young Athenians more worth
8、y of their home. At the same time he kept a watchful eye on Sparta and built high walls which connected Athens with the sea and made her the strongest fortress of that day.An insignificant quarrel between two little Greek cities led to the final conflict. For thirty years the war between Athens and
9、Sparta continued. It ended in a terrible disaster for Athens.During the third year of the war the plague had entered the city. More than half of the people and Pericles, the great leader, had been killed. The plague was followed by a period of bad and untrustworthy leadership. A brilliant young fell
10、ow by the name of Alcibiades had gained the favor of the popular assembly. He suggested a raid upon the Spartan colony of Syracuse in Sicily. An expedition was equipped and everything was ready.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.青岛是中国重要的经济中心城市和沿海开放城市，是中国历史文化名城和风景旅游胜地，是最适宜人类居住的中国城市之一。经过 30 年的建设发展，形成了鲜明的城市特点，经济总量位居国
11、内大中城市前10 位。当前，青岛正积极应对国际金融危机，大力发展新能源、新材料、生物医药和节能环保等新兴产业，着力引进一批产业带动强的大企业项目，重点培育一批特色产业集群和产业基地，加快形成以服务经济为主的产业结构，不断增强产业竞争力，提高经济发展质量。（分数：2.00）_2014 年四川外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.civil law（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：民法)解析：3.mass transit（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：公共交通)解析：4.
12、wage theory（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：工资理论)解析：5.mock epic（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：仿英雄体诗)解析：6.counterespionage（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：反间谍)解析：7.high seas（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：公海)解析：8.CYO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：天主教青年组织)解析：9.irrigation and drainage（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：农田水利)解析：10.ICN（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际护士理事会)解析：11.ILO
13、（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际劳工组织)解析：12.IAEA（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际原子能机构)解析：13.polar front（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：极锋)解析：14.higher down payment（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：较高的首付)解析：15.have kissed the Blarney stone（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：能说会道)解析：16.fat chance（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：希望渺茫)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.中国梦（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确
14、答案：China Dream)解析：19.工作作风（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：work style)解析：20.网络推手（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：web hyper)解析：21.民族复兴（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：national rejuvenation)解析：22.韩国泡菜（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：kimchi)解析：23.司法公信力（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：judicial credibility)解析：24.克强经济学（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Likonomics)解析：25.航空识别区（分数：
15、2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：air defense identification zone)解析：26.个人财产申报（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：declaration of personal property)解析：27.重庆东站(火车站名)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Chongqing East Station)解析：28.上海自由贸易区（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Shanghai Free Trade Zone)解析：29.轮值主席(国)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：rotating presidency)解析：30.国际翻译日主
16、题（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：theme for international translation day)解析：31.成品油定价机制（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：refined oil pricing mechanism)解析：32.十八届三中全会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The Third Plenum of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.Athens and Sparta were both Greek cities and
17、their people spoke a common language. In every other respect they were different. Athens rose high from the plain. It was a city exposed to the fresh breezes from the sea, willing to look at the world with the eyes of a happy child. Sparta, on the other hand, was built at the bottom of a deep valley
18、, and used the surrounding mountains as a barrier against foreign thought. Athens was a city of busy trade. Sparta was an armed camp where people were soldiers for the sake of being soldiers. The people of Athens loved to sit in the sun and discuss poetry or listen to the wise words of a philosopher
19、. The Spartans, on the other hand, never wrote a single line that was considered literature, but they knew how to fight, they liked to fight, and they sacrificed all human emotions to their ideal of military preparedness.No wonder that these sombre Spartans viewed the success of Athens with maliciou
20、s hate. The energy which the defence of the common home had developed in Athens was now used for purposes of a more peaceful nature. The Acropolis was rebuilt and was made into a marble shrine to the Goddess Athena. Pericles, the leader of the Athenian democracy, sent far and wide to find famous scu
21、lptors and painters and scientists to make the city more beautiful and the young Athenians more worthy of their home. At the same time he kept a watchful eye on Sparta and built high walls which connected Athens with the sea and made her the strongest fortress of that day.An insignificant quarrel be
22、tween two little Greek cities led to the final conflict. For thirty years the war between Athens and Sparta continued. It ended in a terrible disaster for Athens.During the third year of the war the plague had entered the city. More than half of the people and Pericles, the great leader, had been ki
23、lled. The plague was followed by a period of bad and untrustworthy leadership. A brilliant young fellow by the name of Alcibiades had gained the favor of the popular assembly. He suggested a raid upon the Spartan colony of Syracuse in Sicily. An expedition was equipped and everything was ready.（分数：2
24、.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 雅典和斯巴达在过去都是希腊城邦，它们的人民讲同一种语言。但除此之外，他们毫无共同之处。雅典城在平原上拔地而起，吹拂着习习海风，它以一个快乐孩童的目光观察着世界万物。而斯巴达建于深谷底部，以周围的山脉来阻挡外来思想的传播。雅典城贸易繁荣，而斯巴达全副武装，全民皆兵。雅典人喜欢坐在阳光下讨论诗歌，或是聆听智者的教诲。而斯巴达人从来不写任何文学的东西，但他们熟知战争战术，他们喜欢战争，并把所有的情感都投入到了军事备战中去。 这样的话，阴郁的斯巴达人对希腊人的成功怀有恶意也就不足为奇了。雅典人培育了保卫共同家园的精神，使他们形成了爱好和平的性格。雅典人把卫城重建成一座
25、供奉雅典娜女神的大理石神庙。雅典民主的领袖伯里克利四处寻找知名的雕刻家、画家和科学家来把卫城建造地美轮美奂，这些人也使雅典的年轻人身负才学，为雅典城增光添彩。与此同时，他也对斯巴达保持了警惕，修建了连接希腊与大海的高墙，期望有朝一日希腊城可以成为一座坚固的堡垒。 雅典与斯巴达之间微不足道的争论使他们最终走向了战争。两个城邦进行了持续 30 年的战争。最终雅典城被摧毁，战争告以结束。 在战争进行到第三个年头的时候，雅典爆发了瘟疫。超过半数的雅典人都死于这场瘟疫，他们伟大的领袖伯里克利也罹疾病故。紧接着，雅典领导层变得混乱而又无法赢得人民的信任。后来，一个叫亚西比德的优秀年轻人获得了公民大会的支持
26、上台掌权。他建议突袭斯巴达在西西里岛的锡拉库扎殖民地。一场远征就此整装待发。)解析：35.汉译英_解析：36.青岛是中国重要的经济中心城市和沿海开放城市，是中国历史文化名城和风景旅游胜地，是最适宜人类居住的中国城市之一。经过 30 年的建设发展，形成了鲜明的城市特点，经济总量位居国内大中城市前10 位。当前，青岛正积极应对国际金融危机，大力发展新能源、新材料、生物医药和节能环保等新兴产业，着力引进一批产业带动强的大企业项目，重点培育一批特色产业集群和产业基地，加快形成以服务经济为主的产业结构，不断增强产业竞争力，提高经济发展质量。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Qingdao, an
27、 important economic center and an open coastal city, is a famous historic and cultural city on one hand and an outstanding scenic spot on the other hand as well as one of the most livable cities in China. It has formed distinct characteristics through 30 years“ development with the 10th ranking of t
28、he economic aggregate among the large and medium-sized cities at home. Nowadays, Qingdao actively responds to the international financial crisis. Great efforts have been made to develop newly risen industries such as new energy, new material, biological medicine, energy conserving and environmental protection. It also spares no effort to introduce some projects of large enterprise, which has strengthened to drive the industry development. The top priority is also given to cultivate the
