1、2014 年北京第二外国语学院英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.non-performing loan（分数：2.00）_3.The Economic Commission for Europe（分数：2.00）_4.International Monetary Fund（分数：2.00）_prehensive utilization of energy（分数：2.00）_6.financial assistance（分数：2.00）_7.flexible leave arrangement（分
2、数：2.00）_8.functional division（分数：2.00）_9.Grant Contract of Land Use Right（分数：2.00）_10.most-favored-nation treatment（分数：2.00）_11.North American Free Trade Area（分数：2.00）_12.General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade（分数：2.00）_13.risk management（分数：2.00）_14.forest coverage（分数：2.00）_15.ethnic minorities（分数：2
3、.00）_16.endure present hardships to revive（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.教育部（分数：2.00）_19.中国科学院（分数：2.00）_20.世界文化遗产（分数：2.00）_21.记者招待会（分数：2.00）_22.不可再生资源（分数：2.00）_23.宪法修正案（分数：2.00）_24.扩大内需（分数：2.00）_25.全球卫星定位系统（分数：2.00）_26.结构性调整（分数：2.00）_27.房地产开发（分数：2.00）_28.反倾销措施（分数：2.00）_29.生态恶化（分数：2.00）_30.全国人民代表大会（分数：2.00）_31.
4、政府采购（分数：2.00）_32.知识产权（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.Media outlets in the UK went berserk over the arrival of the royal baby. Reporters camped for days outside the hospital where the Duchess of Cambridge stayed; TV presenters spent prime time slots speculating on the babys name or when it w
5、ould ascend the throne; tabloid newspaper The Sun even changed its masthead to “The Son“ on the day the royal birth was announced.But many were irritated by the intense media coverage. Satirical news magazine Private Eye printed one simple sentence in bold letters on its cover: “ Woman Has Baby,“ to
6、 ridicule other media outletsfrenzy over an event the editors considered to be non-news. The Guardians website featured a “ republican“ button to make all talk of the royal baby disappear for non-Royalist readers. Following the initial excitement, many wonder if it isnt a bit silly to pay so much at
7、tention to one privileged family. But the UKs republicans are taking it a step furtherthey argue that the British monarchy should be abolished altogether.This is not a new argument and to many it makes a lot of sense: The UK is a democracy, therefore the role of the royals is largely ceremonial. The
8、 royal family is also dependent on tax-payersmoney and no longer represents this highly diversified country.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.我以为，从生物学角度看，人的一生恰如诗歌。人生自有其韵律和节奏，自有内在的生成与衰亡。人生始于无邪的童年，经过少年的青涩，带着激情与无知，理想与雄心，笨拙而努力地走向成熟；后来人到壮年，经历渐广，阅人渐多，涉世渐深，收益也渐大；及至中年，人生的紧张得以舒缓，人的性格日渐成熟，如芳馥之果实，如醇美之佳酿，更具容忍之心，处世虽更悲观，但对人生的态
9、度趋于和善；再后来就是人生迟暮，内分泌系统活动减少，若此时吾辈已经悟得老年真谛，并据此安排残年，那生活将和平、宁静、安详而知足；终于，生命之烛摇曳而终熄灭，人开始永恒的长眠，不再醒来。 人生有童年、少年和老年，谁也不能否认这是一种美好的安排，一天要有清晨、正午和日落，一年要有四季之分，如此才好。人生本无好坏之分，只是各个季节有各自的好处。如若我们持此种生物学的观点，并循着季节去生活，除了狂妄自大的傻瓜和无可救药的理想主义者，谁能说人生不能像诗一般度过呢。莎翁在他的一段话中形象地阐述了人生分七个阶段的观点，很多中国作家也说过类似的话。奇怪的是，莎士比亚并不是虔诚的宗教徒，也不怎么关心宗教。我想这
10、正是他的伟大之处，他对人生秉着顺其自然的态度，他对生活之事的干涉和改动很少，正如他对戏剧人物那样。莎翁就像自然一样，这是我们能给作家或思想家的最高褒奖。对人生，他只是一路经历着，观察着，离我们远去了。（分数：2.00）_2014 年北京第二外国语学院英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.non-performing loan（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：不良贷款)解析：3.The Economic Commission for Europe（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：欧
11、洲经济委员会)解析：4.International Monetary Fund（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际货币基金组织)解析：prehensive utilization of energy（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：能源综合利用)解析：6.financial assistance（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：经济援助)解析：7.flexible leave arrangement（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：灵活休假措施)解析：8.functional division（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：职能部门)解析：9.Gra
12、nt Contract of Land Use Right（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：土地使用权出让合同)解析：10.most-favored-nation treatment（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：最惠国待遇)解析：11.North American Free Trade Area（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：北美自由贸易区)解析：12.General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：关贸总协定)解析：13.risk management（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：
13、风险管理)解析：14.forest coverage（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：森林覆盖面积)解析：15.ethnic minorities（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：少数民族)解析：16.endure present hardships to revive（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：卧薪尝胆)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.教育部（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Ministry of Education)解析：19.中国科学院（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)解析：20
14、.世界文化遗产（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：World Cultural Heritage)解析：21.记者招待会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：press conference)解析：22.不可再生资源（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：non-renewable resources)解析：23.宪法修正案（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：constitutional amendment)解析：24.扩大内需（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：to expand domestic demand)解析：25.全球卫星定位系统（分数：2.00）_正确答案
15、：(正确答案：Global Positioning System(GPS)解析：26.结构性调整（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：structural adjustment)解析：27.房地产开发（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：real estate development)解析：28.反倾销措施（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：anti-dumping measures)解析：29.生态恶化（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：ecological deterioration)解析：30.全国人民代表大会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：National
16、 Peoples Congress(NPC)解析：31.政府采购（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：government procurement)解析：32.知识产权（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Intellectual Property Rights)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.Media outlets in the UK went berserk over the arrival of the royal baby. Reporters camped for days outside the hospital where t
17、he Duchess of Cambridge stayed; TV presenters spent prime time slots speculating on the babys name or when it would ascend the throne; tabloid newspaper The Sun even changed its masthead to “The Son“ on the day the royal birth was announced.But many were irritated by the intense media coverage. Sati
18、rical news magazine Private Eye printed one simple sentence in bold letters on its cover: “ Woman Has Baby,“ to ridicule other media outletsfrenzy over an event the editors considered to be non-news. The Guardians website featured a “ republican“ button to make all talk of the royal baby disappear f
19、or non-Royalist readers. Following the initial excitement, many wonder if it isnt a bit silly to pay so much attention to one privileged family. But the UKs republicans are taking it a step furtherthey argue that the British monarchy should be abolished altogether.This is not a new argument and to m
20、any it makes a lot of sense: The UK is a democracy, therefore the role of the royals is largely ceremonial. The royal family is also dependent on tax-payersmoney and no longer represents this highly diversified country.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 英国各大媒体为王室宝宝的降生而狂热不已。记者们在剑桥公爵夫人(即凯特王妃)入住的医院外驻扎多日，电视主持人则占用黄金时
21、段来推测宝宝的名字和继承王位的时间。英国小报太阳报甚至在王室宝宝诞生当天将其报头改成了太子报。 然而，媒体铺天盖地的报道令许多人大为光火。批判性新闻杂志侦探仅在其封面印上寥寥几个粗体字：“王妃生了”，以调侃其他媒体对此次非新闻性事件的狂热。卫报则在其网站上添加了“共和党人”的按钮，为“非保皇派”用户自动屏蔽关于王室宝宝诞生的话题。最初的狂喜过后，许多人开始思考对一个特权家族投入如此多的关注是否有些可笑。而更有甚者，英国共和党人士声称应该废除君主制。 这一争论由来已久，很多人也认为这样做合情合理：英国是民主国家，因此王室扮演的更多的是礼仪性的角色。同时，王室的开销还要靠纳税人来买单，它也不再能够
22、代表一个如此多元化的国家。)解析：35.汉译英_解析：36.我以为，从生物学角度看，人的一生恰如诗歌。人生自有其韵律和节奏，自有内在的生成与衰亡。人生始于无邪的童年，经过少年的青涩，带着激情与无知，理想与雄心，笨拙而努力地走向成熟；后来人到壮年，经历渐广，阅人渐多，涉世渐深，收益也渐大；及至中年，人生的紧张得以舒缓，人的性格日渐成熟，如芳馥之果实，如醇美之佳酿，更具容忍之心，处世虽更悲观，但对人生的态度趋于和善；再后来就是人生迟暮，内分泌系统活动减少，若此时吾辈已经悟得老年真谛，并据此安排残年，那生活将和平、宁静、安详而知足；终于，生命之烛摇曳而终熄灭，人开始永恒的长眠，不再醒来。 人生有童年
23、、少年和老年，谁也不能否认这是一种美好的安排，一天要有清晨、正午和日落，一年要有四季之分，如此才好。人生本无好坏之分，只是各个季节有各自的好处。如若我们持此种生物学的观点，并循着季节去生活，除了狂妄自大的傻瓜和无可救药的理想主义者，谁能说人生不能像诗一般度过呢。莎翁在他的一段话中形象地阐述了人生分七个阶段的观点，很多中国作家也说过类似的话。奇怪的是，莎士比亚并不是虔诚的宗教徒，也不怎么关心宗教。我想这正是他的伟大之处，他对人生秉着顺其自然的态度，他对生活之事的干涉和改动很少，正如他对戏剧人物那样。莎翁就像自然一样，这是我们能给作家或思想家的最高褒奖。对人生，他只是一路经历着，观察着，离我们远去
24、了。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：I think that, from a biological standpoint, human life almost reads like a poem. It has its own rhythm and beat, its internal cycles of growth and decay. It begins with innocent childhood, followed by awkward adolescence trying awkwardly to adapt itself to mature society, with
25、 its young passions and follies, its ideals and ambitions; then it reaches a manhood of intense activities, profiting from experience and learning more about society and human nature; at middle age, there is a slight easing of tension, a mellowing of character like the ripening of fruit or the mello
26、wing of good wine, and the gradual acquiring of a more tolerant, more cynical and at the same time a kindlier view of life; then in the sunset of our life, the endocrine glands decrease their activity, and if we have a true philosophy of old age and have ordered our life pattern according to it, it
27、is for us the age of peace and security and leisure and contentment; finally, life flickers out and one goes into eternal sleep, never to wake up again. No one can say that life with childhood, manhood and old age is not a beautiful arrangement; the day has its morning, noon and sunset, and the year
28、 has its seasons, and it is good that it is so. There is no good or bad in life, except what is good according to its own season. And if we take this biological view of life and try to live according to the seasons, no one but a conceited fool or an impossible idealist can deny that human life can be lived like a poem. Shakespeare has expressed this idea more graphically in his passage about the seven stages of life, and a good many Chinese writers hav
