1、2013 年西安外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.Over-the-counter(OTC)drugs are medicines that may be sold directly to a consumer without a prescription from a healthcare professional, as compared to prescription drugs.（分数：2.00）_3.Long-term government bonds have been b
2、adly hit by expectations of economic recovery and falling investor risk aversion.（分数：2.00）_4.U. S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner, President Barack Obamas chief negotiator in talks to avert the “ fiscal cliff,“ will meet with Congressional leaders on Thursday amid signs that the market-rattling
3、 uncertainty about the outcome could go down to the wire.（分数：2.00）_5.In economics, an easy money policy is a monetary policy that increases the money supply usually by lowering interest rates. The policy may lead to inflation.（分数：2.00）_6.As the worlds population of older people rapidly grows in the
4、coming years, Alzheimers and other forms of dementia will become a health-care disaster.（分数：2.00）_7.Leaders from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN) and Japan, South Korea and China expressed their will to forge closer ties at a summit in Cambodia on Monday.（分数：2.00）_8.A major earthqua
5、ke measuring 7. 8 on the Richter scale jolted Wenchuan County in southwest Chinas Sichuan Province on Monday, the State Seismological Bureau(SSB)said.（分数：2.00）_9.Pyeongchang defeated rivals Munich and Annecy, France, in the first round of a secret ballot of the international Olympic Committee.（分数：2.
6、00）_10.Chancellor George Osborne will today unveil details of 154m of funding to help tackle tax evasion and avoidance by big-name global companies and wealthy individuals.（分数：2.00）_11.Defending champion Julie Tvede from Denmark will be back to defend the Murcia Ladies Open when the second edition o
7、f the event gets under way at La Manga Club in Murcia, Spain.（分数：2.00）_12.E 111 is a document which is available to citizens of any country in the European Union, and which gives them the right to receive free health care when they visit other EU countries.（分数：2.00）_13.Corporate social responsibilit
8、y is a process with the aim to embrace responsibility for the companys actions and encourage a positive impact through its activities on the environment and all members of the public sphere.（分数：2.00）_14.Capacity building aims to help people, governments, international organizations and nongovernment
9、al organizations realize their developmental goals and achieve measurable and sustainable results.（分数：2.00）_15.Since OTC began making polycrystalline silicon in 1960, it has made successive improvements to its developmental technologies while maintaining the worlds top quality standards for semicond
10、uctor-grade products.（分数：2.00）_16.The countrys E-911 commission will seek proposal for the “nuts and bolts“ of the emergency dispatch center and have been given approval to use a process called negotiated bidding to get the best price.（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.大力培育战略性新兴产业，促进新能源、新材料、生物医药、高端装备制造、 新能源汽车 迅速发展
11、，加快三网融合、云计算、物联网试点示范工作步伐。（分数：2.00）_19.新型农村合作医疗 是由政府组织、引导、支持，农民自愿参加，个人、集体和政府多方筹资，以大病统筹为主的农村居民医疗互助共济制度。（分数：2.00）_20.“三网”融合是指电信网、 广播电视网 和互联网融合发展，实现三网互联互通、资源共享，为用户提供语音、数据和广播电视等多种服务。（分数：2.00）_21.我国的社会保障覆盖范围继续扩大，全国参加城镇基本养老保险、失业保险、 工伤保险 和生育保险人数大幅增加。（分数：2.00）_22.11 月 8 日， 中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会 在北京人民大会堂开幕，胡锦涛代表十七届中
12、央委员会向大会作报告。（分数：2.00）_23.过去一年，中央政府推动实施“ 学前教育三年行动计划 ”，提高幼儿人园率；大力发展职业教育；加强中小学教师培训工作，提高中小学教师队伍整体素质。（分数：2.00）_24.2012 年 10 月 9 日， 纪念辛亥革命 100 周年大会 在北京人民大会堂举行。胡锦涛、江泽民、吴邦国、温家宝、贾庆林、李长春、习近平等出席大会。（分数：2.00）_25.国务院常务会议在部署四季度工作时明确提出，要制定 收入分配制度改革总体方案 ，引起社会各界高度关注。（分数：2.00）_26.文化部副部长日前表示，十年来中华文化影响力不断扩大，全方位、多层次、宽领域的对
13、外文化交流格局正在形成，不过，中国对外交流仍然存在“ 文化逆差 ”。（分数：2.00）_27.受到飓风“桑迪”的影响，美国股市 30 日将继续休市，这是 纽约证券交易所 一个多世纪以来首次因天气原因连续两天休市。（分数：2.00）_28.循环经济 是一种以资源的高效利用和循环利用为核心，以“减量化、再利用、资源化”为原则，以低消耗、低排放、高效率为基本特征，符合可持续发展理念的经济增长模式。（分数：2.00）_29.北京时间 10 月 11 日 19 点，瑞典文学院诺贝尔奖评审委员会宣布，中国作家莫言获得 2012 年 诺贝尔文学奖 。（分数：2.00）_30.以“品质、安全、责任”为主题的
14、2012 中国(上海)国际食品安全览会 及第一届中国国际地理标志产品博览会，将于 12 月 13 日在上海国际展览中心举行。（分数：2.00）_31.专业人士指出，中国经济持续增长动力充足，世界成功经济体的发展经验表明中国具有克服“ 中等收入陷阱 ”的制度优势和经济优势。（分数：2.00）_32.中共中央政治局常务委员会 5 月 22 日上午召开会议，研究部署继续全力做好抗震减灾工作。（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.After more than 30 years of rapid growth, China has reached anoth
15、er turning point in its development path when a second strategic, and no less fundamental, shift is called for. The 12th Five-Year Plan provides an excellent start. This report combines its key elements to design a longer-term strategy. Six important messages emerge from the analysis:First, implemen
16、t structural reforms to strengthen the foundations for a market-based economy by redefining the role of government, reforming and restructuring state enterprises and banks, developing the private sector, promoting competition, and deepening reforms in the land, labor, and financial markets. As an ec
17、onomy approaches the technology frontier and exhausts the potential for acquiring and applying technology from abroad, the role of the government and its relationship to markets and the private sector need to change fundamentally. While providing relatively fewer “tangible“ public goods and services
18、 directly, the government will need to provide more intangible public goods and services like systems , rules, and policies, which increase production efficiency, promote competition, facilitate specialization, enhance the efficiency of resource allocation, protect the environment, and reduce risks
19、and uncertainties.Second, accelerate the pace of innovation and create an open innovation system in which competitive pressures encourage Chinese firms to engage in product and process innovation not only through their own research and development but also by participating in global research and dev
20、elopment networks. China has already introduced a range of initiatives in establishing a research and development infrastructure and is far ahead of most other developing countries. Its priority going forward is to increase the quality of research and development, rather than just quantity. To achie
21、ve this, policy makers will need to focus on: increasing the technical and cognitive skills of university graduates and building a few world-class research universities with strong links to industry; fostering “ innovative cities“ that bring together high-quality talent, knowledge networks, dynamic
22、firms, and learning institutions, and allow them to interact without restriction; and increasing the availability of patient risk capital for start-up private firms.Third, seize the opportunity to “ go green“ through a mix of market incentives, regulations, public investments, industrial policy, and
23、 institutional development. Encouraging green development and increased efficiency of resource use is expected to not only improve the level of well-being and sustain rapid growth, but also address Chinas manifold environmental challenges. The intention is to encourage new investments in a range of
24、low-pollution, energy-and resource-efficient industries that would lead to greener development, spur investments in related upstream and downstream manufacturing and services, and build international competitive advantage in a global sunrise industry. These policies have the potential to succeed, gi
25、ven China many advantagesits large market size that will allow rapid scaling up of successful technologies to achieve economies of scale and reduced unit costs, a high investment rate that will permit rapid replacement of old, inefficient, and environmentally damaging capital stock; its growing and
26、dynamic private sector that will respond to new signals from government, provided it gets access to adequate levels of finance.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.关中民俗艺术博物院坐落于秦岭终南山世界地质公园中心地带和隋唐佛教圣地南五台山脚下，东接翠华山，南拥五台山，西邻草堂寺，北瞰长安城，占地 49388 亩、规划建筑面积 108 万平方米，计划总投资人民币 57 亿元，是以民俗文化遗产抢救、保护、收藏、研究和展示为主的大型文化旅游项目。整体建筑呈明、清园林风格
27、，气势恢宏，古朴典雅。博物院抢救、保护、珍藏了周秦汉唐以来历代的民俗文化遗产 36 000 多件。形成了民间艺术、关中民居、民俗风情、名人字画四大系列藏品。从不同层面集中地反映了关中地区各族人民在不同历史时期的民俗历史风貌，被国内外学者誉为“民族文化的基因和标本库”。8 600 多根拴马桩以其精美的石雕工艺引人注目，极大地丰富了我国民间石刻艺术宝库，被誉为“地上兵马俑”。博物院被列为陕西省“十二五”重大建设项目，被国家文化部命名为“国家文化产业示范基地”，现为国家 4A 级旅游景区，已成为陕西独具特色的民俗文化旅游景观。（分数：2.00）_2013 年西安外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析
28、(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.Over-the-counter(OTC)drugs are medicines that may be sold directly to a consumer without a prescription from a healthcare professional, as compared to prescription drugs.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：非处方药)解析：3.Long-term government bonds have been badly h
29、it by expectations of economic recovery and falling investor risk aversion.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：长期公债)解析：4.U. S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner, President Barack Obamas chief negotiator in talks to avert the “ fiscal cliff,“ will meet with Congressional leaders on Thursday amid signs that the ma
30、rket-rattling uncertainty about the outcome could go down to the wire.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：美国财政部长)解析：5.In economics, an easy money policy is a monetary policy that increases the money supply usually by lowering interest rates. The policy may lead to inflation.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：宽松的货币政策)解析：6.As the
31、 worlds population of older people rapidly grows in the coming years, Alzheimers and other forms of dementia will become a health-care disaster.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：痴呆；精神错乱)解析：7.Leaders from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN) and Japan, South Korea and China expressed their will to fo
32、rge closer ties at a summit in Cambodia on Monday.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：东南亚国家联盟(东盟)解析：8.A major earthquake measuring 7. 8 on the Richter scale jolted Wenchuan County in southwest Chinas Sichuan Province on Monday, the State Seismological Bureau(SSB)said.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：里克特震级(测量地震强度的标准)解析：9.Pyeon
33、gchang defeated rivals Munich and Annecy, France, in the first round of a secret ballot of the international Olympic Committee.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：无记名投票)解析：10.Chancellor George Osborne will today unveil details of 154m of funding to help tackle tax evasion and avoidance by big-name global companies
34、 and wealthy individuals.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：偷税避税)解析：11.Defending champion Julie Tvede from Denmark will be back to defend the Murcia Ladies Open when the second edition of the event gets under way at La Manga Club in Murcia, Spain.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：卫冕冠军)解析：12.E 111 is a document which is availa
35、ble to citizens of any country in the European Union, and which gives them the right to receive free health care when they visit other EU countries.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：欧洲健康保险卡(European Health Insurance Card)解析：13.Corporate social responsibility is a process with the aim to embrace responsibility for the companys actions and encourage a positive impact through its activities on the environment and all members of the public sphere.（分数：2.00）_
