1、2013 年中山大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：78.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读理解(总题数：3，分数：40.00)The swimming sky of oceanic expanse in Van Gogh“s The Starry Night; the human figure born of marble by the careful hands of Rodin; the graceful, ethereal figure of Degas“s ballerina; all communicate both emotion and essence in a
2、 world where aesthetic reigns supreme. Art has forever been humankind“s tool for expressing the ineffable, a form of communication when words fail or are wholly inadequate. Art challenges the artist by constructing a world in which opposing forces impulse and control, emotion and thought, ideation a
3、nd actualitymust cooperate to produce a piece of art. The artist must wrestle an almost untamable creative force for control in order to grant space to its expression. The process of facing and governing this force while conveying it to others makes artistic creation an especially valuable therapeut
4、ic tool for the emotionally disturbed. The process of creation and the created product are equally valuable parts of therapeutic art. Creating art requires balancing two aspects of personality that are, in the case of the emotionally disturbed person, especially irreconcilable. Like all artists, the
5、 emotionally disturbed person must learn to control and harness the dangerous, unpredictable forces of creation while remaining sufficiently unrestrictive to allow its expression. Balancing these forces in a constructive way while granting full play to both is an important ability to master, one tha
6、t art therapy teaches particularly well. The emotionally disturbed artist“s goal is not the perfect expression of an aesthetic ideal. Yet communicating the mind“s content and having it recognized by others is intensely valuable to the disturbed artist“s healing. Taking ideas out of the isolation imp
7、osed by the mind and reproducing them in a form that can be shared and understood by others releases those ideas from the mind and removes from them some of their power. Using the brush where the pen and voice fail allows others, like the therapist, to recognize, understand, and begin to deconstruct
8、 the mind“s content. Artistic creation allows emotionally disturbed people to communicate ideas they are unable to express in words, and it provides therapists with an otherwise unobtainable window into the mind. Examination of their artistic pieces reveals an inner world that the self of the distur
9、bed person cannot express another way. Art then becomes a new therapeutic medium through which to understand and address the complex issues that threaten and haunt the disturbed person, and in which to free them.（分数：10.00）(1).The primary purpose of the passage is to_.（分数：2.00）A.prove that art therap
10、y has made significant strides in recent decadesB.demonstrate how art therapy can transform nonfunctioning individuals into productive members of societyC.show how art therapy can be beneficial for emotionally disturbed peopleD.describe the methods by which artwork can be interpreted by a therapist(
11、2).In Line 5 , Paragraph 3 “the brush“ is used primarily to signify_.（分数：2.00）A.the wide variety of artistic equipmentB.the author“s preference for art over written communicationC.the process of paintingD.artistic creation(3).The passage suggests that the main reason a therapist might use art to wor
12、k with emotionally disturbed people is that art therapy can_.（分数：2.00）A.allow them to address ideas or emotions in a nonverbal wayB.share their innermost thoughts with the publicC.broaden the scope of their social interactionD.encourage them to cooperate with others(4).The author suggests that artwo
13、rk functions as “window“(Line 2, Paragraph 4)because artwork_.（分数：2.00）A.is transparentB.stifles communicationC.can be extremely fragileD.allows access to thoughts(5).The author“s conclusion would be most directly supported by additional information proving that_.（分数：2.00）A.art therapists are better
14、 able to evaluate the quality of art than regular therapistsB.individuals involved in art programs have more control over their emotionsC.there is a documented connection between creativity and attention spanD.painting relieves some symptoms of arthritisSince time immemorial, countless scholars have
15、 asked the question: What is beauty? As philosophers engage in weighty discourses, designers update the latest fashions, and artists create their masterpieces, what is considered beautiful changes at an alarming pace. Fifty years ago, the full-figured Marilyn Monroe embodied the American aesthetic v
16、alue; today, a legion of Hollywood actresses vastly different in appearance from Marilyn“s have taken her place. However, aesthetic values not only differ from generation to generation, but do so along cultural lines as well. The conventions that govern painting and music vary greatly from East to W
17、est. Often, what is considered disgusting to one civilization is the pinnacle of aesthetic appeal in another. Thus, when left to the sphere of human design, the search for an absolute definition of beauty remains an elusive one at best. As fundamental physicists, my colleagues and I like to believe
18、that we are involved in a search for a beauty that does not remain uninfluenced by definition; The beauty that we search for is not that which is laid down through the work of people and subject to short-term tastes, but rather that which has been established by Nature. Those not involved with physi
19、cs tend to think of it as a precise and predictive sciencecertainly not a field of study fit for the contemplation of the beautiful. Yet, one of physics“s greatest gifts is that it allows its students to look past extrinsic appearances into a more overwhelming beauty. As a human being, I am captivat
20、ed by the visual appeal of a wave crashing on the beach. As a physicist, however, I possess the ability to be captivated by the much deeper beauty of the physical laws that govern such a phenomenon. Where the nonphysicist sees a lovely but inexplicable event, the well-schooled physicist is able to p
21、erceive a brilliant design. In truth, since the day that Albert Einstein first proposed the notion that there might be one overarching physical theory that governs the universe, aesthetics has become a driving force in modern physics. What Einstein and we, as his intellectual descendants, have disco
22、vered is this;Nature, at its most fundamental level, is beautifully constructed. The remarkable simplicity of the laws that govern the universe is, at times, nothing short of breathtaking. And at every step, as new discoveries and technologies allow us to examine the physical world on deeper and dee
23、per levels, we find that the beauty itself becomes more profound. As Einstein himself said, it would seem more likely that we should find ourselves living in a “ chaotic world, in no way graspable through thinking. “ Yet here we are, closer than ever to a full understanding of the universe“s beautif
24、ul clockwork.（分数：14.00）(1).The author mentions Marilyn Monroe in Paragraph 1 in order to_.（分数：2.00）A.provide an example of today“s standards of beautyB.discuss her abilities as an actressC.demonstrate how susceptible aesthetics are to changeD.illustrate that the standard definition of beauty remains
25、 constant(2).The author“s assertion in Lines 7-8, Paragraph 1(“what is considered disgusting.in another“)suggests that_.（分数：2.00）A.cultures are destined to clashB.many civilizations are prone to disgusting behaviorC.different societies are tied together by an appreciation for physicsD.it is nearly i
26、mpossible to say what is truly beautiful(3).As used in Line 3 Paragraph 2, the phrase “laid down“ most nearly means_.（分数：2.00）A.restedB.sleptC.createdD.set(4).In the course of outlining the various gifts of physics, the author cites all of the following EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.the ability to look for a b
27、eauty that is unchangingB.appreciating the visual beauty of a wave crashingC.understanding both extrinsic and intrinsic beautyD.seeing a deeper design in natural events(5).In the third paragraph, Albert Einstein“s proposal of an “overarching physical theory“ suggests that_.（分数：2.00）A.the author beli
28、eves that there is beauty in simplicityB.the universe is infinitely complexC.aesthetics has no place in physicsD.the physical world will never be understood rationally(6).The author quotes Albert Einstein in Lines 7 - 8 , Paragraph 3 in order to_.（分数：2.00）A.detail the way physical laws affect chaosB
29、.emphasize the scope of Einstein“s influenceC.suggest that Einstein might have doubted the beauty of physicsD.stress just how remarkable the order of the universe really is(7).The purpose of this passage is to_.（分数：2.00）A.discuss the way various cultures assess beautyB.explain the beauty that is unm
30、asked through an understanding of physicsC.demonstrate the way concepts of beauty change over timeD.finding new relevance for different physical lawsFor eighty years Thomas“s family had grown corn on its hundred-acre plot. In his grandfather“s day, even in his father“s, wheat and timothy were also s
31、own to help feed cattle and pigs. While there had been no animals on the land in Thomas“s time, Thomas“s father spoke at length about those days, when he himself had been a child. Back then, Thomas“s father had dedicated every one of his free hours to taking care of the farm; grinding chop, cleaning
32、 up after the animals, mending fences, and performing innumerable other taxing chores. Later, it was just corn, sold to some big company out East that his father said paid them a little less every year. It wasn“t about the money though; his father would have made do just enough to keep things going.
33、 His concern was family and tradition, the agricultural way of life. During harvest, Thomas would ride on the enormous thresher with his father. In the cabin, above the green sea parting before them, he would listen as his father explained the significance of a life dedicated to agriculture. As Thom
34、as nibbbled on a lunch packed by his mother, his father expounded upon his philosophy that a man must not be separated from the land that provides for him, that the land was very important. He would say, time and again, “A man isn“t a man without land to call his own. “ He was not an uneducated man,
35、 Thomas“s father. He had completed high school and probably could have gone to college if he wanted, but he was a man of the earth, and his spirit was tied to the soil. Agriculture was not his profession; it was his passion, one that he tried to seed in the hearts of his three boys. Thomas“s two old
36、er brothers had little time for farmwork, however. What chores they were not forced to do went undone or were done by Thomas; their energies were focused on cars, dating, and dance halls. Even at a young age, Thomas was able to see in his father“s eyes the older man“s secret despair. The land that h
37、ad been in his family for three generations was not valued by the fourth. Not even little Tommy, who always rode in the cabin with him and helped out as much as he was able, would stay and tend the fields. The world had grown too large, and there were too many distractions to lure young men from the
38、ir homes. Boys these days did not realize they had a home until it was too late. Sitting on the hood of his jeep, Thomas gazed out over dozens of acres of orange survey stakes that covered what was once his family“s farm. The house, barn, and silos were all gone, replaced by construction trailers an
39、d heavy equipment. The town that lay just five miles up the road had grown into a city, consuming land like a hungry beast. Thomas“s father had been the last farmer left in the county, holding out long after the farm became unprofitable. He farmed after his sons left and his wife died; he farmed unt
40、il his last breath, on principle. Now a highway and several shopping malls were going to take his place, Thomas thought. His brothers both said it was inevitable, that progress cannot be halted. They argued that if the family did not sell the land, the city would claim eminent domain and take it fro
41、m them for a fraction of what they could get by selling it. Thomas did not feel he had any right to disagree. After all, he had chosen to leave the farm as well, to pursue his education. Though he didn“t stand in their way, and though his profit from the lucrative sale was equal to his brothers“, Th
42、omas was sure he felt something that they could not. The money didn“t matter much to him; he had enough to get by. It was something about the land. Now that he had finally found his way back to it, he was losing it. He was losing his home.（分数：16.00）(1).Which is NOT CORRECT about the farm in Thomas“s
43、 father“s day?（分数：2.00）A.Corn, wheat and timothy grown on the farm were sold for profit.B.Cattle and pigs were raised on the farm.C.Thomas“s father could make both ends meet.D.Thomas“s father spent a lot of time doing farm chores.(2).In Line 6 Paragraph 1 the word “taxing“ most nearly means_.（分数：2.0
44、0）A.monetaryB.expensiveC.rejuvenatingD.tiring(3).Based on the passage, a thresher(Line 1 , Paragraph 2)is most likely used to_.（分数：2.00）A.mend fencesB.harvest cropsC.construct shopping mallsD.plant seeds(4).Thomas“s father“s statement in the last line of Paragraph 2 primarily shows the father to be_
45、.（分数：2.00）A.discouraged because he is getting less money for his corn each yearB.overwhelmed by the number of tedious chores he must complete each dayC.convinced that his life as a farmer is worthwhileD.pleased that his youngest son is with him as he threshes the corn(5).The most likely cause of the
46、 “secret despair“(Line 1, Paragraph 4)that Thomas sees in his father“s eyes is his father“s_.（分数：2.00）A.sadness that his sons would not care for the family farm in the same way that he hadB.disappointment that Thomas didn“t help as much as he could have with the farm choresC.worry about his sons“ pr
47、eoccupation with cars, dating, and dancingD.regret that he didn“t attend college even though he could have done so(6).The description of Thomas“s brothers“ interest in the last two sentences of Paragraph 3 highlights_.（分数：2.00）A.the difference between the brothers as young men and as adultsB.the rea
48、sons that Thomas performed the brothers“ neglected choresC.the gap between the brothers“ values and those of their fatherD.the considerable conflict between the brothers and their father(7).An important function of Paragraph 5 is to_.（分数：2.00）A.establish that the narrative to this point has been a f
49、lashbackB.contrast Thomas“s current life with his past lifeC.summarize the plotD.foreshadow Thomas“s future(8).The last sentence of the passage suggests that Thomas feels_.（分数：2.00）A.excited anticipationB.regretful nostalgiaC.overwhelming despairD.unaccustomed relief二、句子改错(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.Correct the mistakes in the following sentences: underline the wrong parts and put the correct ones in the brackets. If there is no error, use a or write “No error“ on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)For the last
