1、2012年湖南大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.clean energy（分数：2.00）_3.global climate change（分数：2.00）_4.demonstration project（分数：2.00）_5.greenhouse gas emission（分数：2.00）_6.poverty relief efforts（分数：2.00）_7.capacity building（分数：2.00）_8.exchange of needed goods（分数：2.00）_9.
2、rule of law（分数：2.00）_10.place of historical interest（分数：2.00）_11.improvement of the people“s livelihood（分数：2.00）_12.incentive policy（分数：2.00）_13.provisional regulation（分数：2.00）_14.media publicity（分数：2.00）_15.peaceful co-existence（分数：2.00）_16.hit-and-run（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.中国特色社会主义（分数：2.00）_19.公民人身权利
3、（分数：2.00）_20.低碳经济（分数：2.00）_21.与时俱进（分数：2.00）_22.同甘共苦（分数：2.00）_23.优化产业结构（分数：2.00）_24.国际惯例（分数：2.00）_醉驾_26.节能市场机制（分数：2.00）_27.新兴产业（分数：2.00）_28.平等互利（分数：2.00）_29.基础设施建设（分数：2.00）_30.经济发展模式（分数：2.00）_31.择优录用（分数：2.00）_32.务实合作（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.Home ownership has let US down. For generati
4、ons, Americans believed that owning a home was an axiomatic good. Our political leaders hammered home the point. Franklin Roosevelt held that a country of homeowners was “unconquerable. “ Homeownership could even, in the words of George H. W. Bush“s Secretary of Housing and Urban Development(HUD), J
5、ack Kemp, “save babies, save children, save families and save American. “ A house with a front lawn and a picket fence wasn“t just a nice place to live or a risk-flee investment; it was a way to transform a nation. No wonder leaders of all political stripes wanted to spend more than $ 100 billion a
6、year on subsidies and tax breaks to encourage people to buy.But the dark side of homeownership is now all too apparent: foreclosures and walkaways, neighborhoods plagued by abandoned properties and plummeting home values, a nation in which families have $ 6 trillion less in housing wealth than they
7、did just three years ago. Indeed, easy loaning stimulated by the cult of homeownership may have triggered the financial crisis and led directly to its biggest bailout, that of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Housing remains a drag on the economy. Existing home sales in July dropped 27% from the prior mo
8、nth, exacerbating fears of a double-tip. And all that is just the obvious tale of a housing bubble and what happened when it popped. The real story is deeper and darker still.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.祥子想找个地方坐下，把前前后后细想一遍，哪怕想完只能哭一场呢，也好知道哭的是什么；事情变化得太快了，他的脑子已追赶不上。没有地方给他坐，到处是雪。小茶馆们已都上了门，十点多了；就是开着，他也不肯进去，他愿意找个
9、清静的地方，他知道自己眼眶中转着的泪水随时可以落下来。 既没地方坐一坐，只好慢慢地走吧；可是，上哪儿去呢?这个银白的世界，没有他坐下的地方，也没有他的去处；白茫茫的一片，只有饿着肚子的小鸟，与走投无路的人，知道什么叫做哀叹。（分数：2.00）_2012年湖南大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.clean energy（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：清洁能源)解析：3.global climate change（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：全球气候变化)解析：4.dem
10、onstration project（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：示范项目)解析：5.greenhouse gas emission（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：温室气体排放)解析：6.poverty relief efforts（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：扶贫工作)解析：7.capacity building（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：能力建设)解析：8.exchange of needed goods（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：互通有无)解析：9.rule of law（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：法治)解析：1
11、0.place of historical interest（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：历史名胜)解析：11.improvement of the people“s livelihood（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：改善民生)解析：12.incentive policy（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：激励政策)解析：13.provisional regulation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：暂行条例)解析：14.media publicity（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：媒体宣传)解析：15.peaceful co-existen
12、ce（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：和平共处)解析：16.hit-and-run（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：肇事逃逸)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.中国特色社会主义（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：socialism with Chinese characteristics)解析：19.公民人身权利（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the personal rights of citizens)解析：20.低碳经济（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：low carbon economy)解析：21.与时俱进（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案
13、：keep up with the times)解析：22.同甘共苦（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：share joys and sorrows)解析：23.优化产业结构（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：optimize the industrial structure)解析：24.国际惯例（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：international common practice)解析：醉驾_正确答案：(正确答案：drunk driving)解析：26.节能市场机制（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：energy conservation market sys
14、tem)解析：27.新兴产业（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：emerging industries)解析：28.平等互利（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：equality and mutual benefit)解析：29.基础设施建设（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：infrastructure construction)解析：30.经济发展模式（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the mode of economic development)解析：31.择优录用（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：recruit workers on a selecti
15、ve basis)解析：32.务实合作（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：pragmatic cooperation)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.Home ownership has let US down. For generations, Americans believed that owning a home was an axiomatic good. Our political leaders hammered home the point. Franklin Roosevelt held that a country of ho
16、meowners was “unconquerable. “ Homeownership could even, in the words of George H. W. Bush“s Secretary of Housing and Urban Development(HUD), Jack Kemp, “save babies, save children, save families and save American. “ A house with a front lawn and a picket fence wasn“t just a nice place to live or a
17、risk-flee investment; it was a way to transform a nation. No wonder leaders of all political stripes wanted to spend more than $ 100 billion a year on subsidies and tax breaks to encourage people to buy.But the dark side of homeownership is now all too apparent: foreclosures and walkaways, neighborh
18、oods plagued by abandoned properties and plummeting home values, a nation in which families have $ 6 trillion less in housing wealth than they did just three years ago. Indeed, easy loaning stimulated by the cult of homeownership may have triggered the financial crisis and led directly to its bigges
19、t bailout, that of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Housing remains a drag on the economy. Existing home sales in July dropped 27% from the prior month, exacerbating fears of a double-tip. And all that is just the obvious tale of a housing bubble and what happened when it popped. The real story is deeper
20、 and darker still.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 现在成为房主的美国人反而感到被拖累。多少代美国人都认为拥有住房是一项值得夸耀的成就。国家的政治领袖也为此平添了丰富的政治寓意。富兰克林?罗斯福认为，一个人人皆为房主的国家是不可征服的。老布什政府的住房和城市发展部部长杰克?肯普甚至称，成为房主能够拯救儿童、家庭，甚至拯救国家。一套配有前院草坪和围栏篱笆的房屋，不仅是绝佳生活之地和无风险投资，购买住房还是一种引导国家变化的途径。这也就难怪所有政治人物都愿采取各式补贴和税收减免等措施，每年拿出 100多亿美元来鼓励人们购房。 然而，争当房主的负面效应已经显而易见，人们耳
21、濡目染的尽是丧失抵押房产赎回权和逃废按揭贷款债务，社区内大量充斥空房，住房价格暴跌，全国居民住房价值比 3年前骤减 6万亿美元的消息。由争当房主这股风气带来的宽松贷款热潮引发了此轮金融危机，直接导致政府对房利美和房地美两大贷款企业进行史无前例的挽救行动。房市至今仍拖累着经济复苏。7 月份现房销售额较前一个月下跌 27，加剧了人们对经济可能会出现二次探底的恐慌。所有这些都与房市泡沫和它出现爆裂后的影响有关。然而，事件对社会造成的影响更深、更广。)解析：35.汉译英_解析：36.祥子想找个地方坐下，把前前后后细想一遍，哪怕想完只能哭一场呢，也好知道哭的是什么；事情变化得太快了，他的脑子已追赶不上。
22、没有地方给他坐，到处是雪。小茶馆们已都上了门，十点多了；就是开着，他也不肯进去，他愿意找个清静的地方，他知道自己眼眶中转着的泪水随时可以落下来。 既没地方坐一坐，只好慢慢地走吧；可是，上哪儿去呢?这个银白的世界，没有他坐下的地方，也没有他的去处；白茫茫的一片，只有饿着肚子的小鸟，与走投无路的人，知道什么叫做哀叹。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Xiang Zi wants to find a place to sit down, to reflect back and forth again, even if it means he could only cry after, at
23、least he would know what he is crying for. Things have changed so fast that his brain failed to catch up. There is no place for him to sit, for snow is everywhere. It is already ten o“clock in the night and all the small teahouses have already been out of service. Even if they were open, he would no
24、t go inside, and he would rather find a much quieter place, for he knew the tears in his eyes could fall any moment. Since there is no place for him to sit down, he can only slowly wander around. But where to go? In this world covered in snow, there is no place to sit down nor to go for him. In this quiet white world, only hungry birds and desperate people know what lament is.)解析：
