1、2012年南开大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：30.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.William the Conqueror and his achievements（分数：2.00）_2.the five-act structure of Shakespeare“s plays（分数：2.00）_3.denotation and connotation（分数：2.00）_4.gothic novels（分数：2.00）_5.Ralph Waldo Emerson and his works（分数：2.00）_二、分析题(总题数：
2、2，分数：20.00)Questions 1 to 6 are based on the following poem by Edmund Spencer.Sonnet 75 from AmorettiOne day I wrote her name upon the strand,But came the waves and washed it away:Again I wrote it with a second hand,But came the tide, and made my pains his prey.“ Vain man,“ said she, “ that does in
3、vain assay.A mortal thing so to immortalize,For I myself shall like to this decay,And also my name be wiped out likewise. “ Not so,“ said I, “ let baser things deviseTo die in dust, but you shall live in fame:My verses your virtues rare shall eternize,And in heavens write your glorious name.Where wh
4、enas death shall all the world subdue,Our love shall live, and later life renew. “（分数：12.00）(1).What happens to what the speaker has written in the first four lines? What is the young woman“s response to what he has done?（分数：2.00）_(2).In Lines 9-14, what does the speaker say his verses will do? What
5、 does the speaker say will live after death has “subdued“ all the world?（分数：2.00）_(3).To what time is the speaker referring in the last two lines? With what belief is he associating his love?（分数：2.00）_(4).What is the rhyme scheme of this poem?（分数：2.00）_(5).Spencer uses alliteration in this poem. Ple
6、ase give two examples of alliteration in the poem. Why does he use alliteration?（分数：2.00）_(6).What is the theme of the poem?（分数：2.00）_Questions 7 to 10 are based on the several stanzas from Edgar Allen Poe“s poem The Raven.The Raven Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary,Over m
7、any a quaint and curious volume of forgotten loreWhile I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door“ Tis some visitor,“ I muttered, “ tapping at my chamber doorOnly this and nothing more.Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the blea
8、k December;And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor.Eagerly I wished the morrow; vainly I had sought to borrowFrom my books surcease of sorrowsorrow for the lost LenoreFor the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels named LenoreNameless here for evermore.And the silken sad unce
9、rtain rustling of each purple curtainThrilled mefilled me with fantastic terrors never felt before;So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating“Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber doorSome late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber doorThis it is, and nothing m
10、ore. “Presently my soul grew stronger; hesitating then no longer,“Sir, “ said I, “or Madam, truly your forgiveness I implore;But the fact is I was napping, and so gently you came rapping,And so faintly you came tapping, tapping at my chamber door,That I scarce was sure I heard you“here I opened wide
11、 the doorDarkness there, and nothing more.Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing,Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before;But the silence was unbroken, and the darkness gave no token,And the only word there spoken was the whispered word, “Lenore?
12、“This I whispered, and an echo murmured back the word, “ Lenore!“Merely this and nothing more.（分数：8.00）(1).In Stanza 1 ,what is the speaker doing when he first hears the tapping? What does he seek “to borrow“ in Stanza 2?（分数：2.00）_(2).What does the speaker say “to still the beating“ of his heart? Wh
13、at does the speaker see when he opens the door?（分数：2.00）_(3).What does the speaker whisper?（分数：2.00）_(4).Paraphrase the first five stanzas of the poem.（分数：2.00）_2012年南开大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案解析(总分：30.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.William the Conqueror and his achievements（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Will
14、iam the Conqueror was Duke of Normandy from 1035 and King of England from 1066 to his death. To claim the English crown, William invaded England in 1066, leading an army of Normans to victory over the Anglo-Saxon forces of Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings, and suppressed subsequent English
15、 revolts in what has become known as the Norman Conquest. His reign, which brought Norman culture to England, had an enormous impact on the subsequent course of England in the Middle Ages. In addition to political changes, his reign also saw changes to English law, a program of building and fortific
16、ation, changes to the vocabulary of the English language, and the introduction of continental European feudalism into England.)解析：2.the five-act structure of Shakespeare“s plays（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Most of Shakespeare“s plays are in the format of 5 acts. Act 1 is the exposition, in which thedramatis
17、 personae are presented, and time and place are established. We learn about the antecedents of the story. Act 2 is the complications in which the course of action becomes more complicated, the “tying of knots“ takes place. Act 3 is the climax of action in which the development of conflict reaches it
18、s high point. Act 4 is reversals where the consequences of Act 3 play out, momentum slows, and tension is heightened by false hopes or fears. Act 5 is the catastrophe in which the conflict is resolved, whether through a catastrophe, the downfall of the hero, or through his victory and transfiguratio
19、n. The format of five-act play is common in Shakespeare“s plays, and is grounded in the concepts of unity in Aristotle“s Poetics.)解析：3.denotation and connotation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Denotation and connotation are two principal methods of describing the meanings of words. Denotation of a word is the
20、thing in the real world the word is linked to, and it is the precise, literal definition of a word. Connotation of a word refers to the emotional meaning or associated meaning that a word may carry.)解析：4.gothic novels（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Gothic novel is a genre or mode of literature that combines el
21、ements of both horror and romance. Its origin is attributed to English author Horace Walpole, with his novel The Castle of Otranto. The gothic novels always include the following elements: the setting in a castle, an atmosphere of mystery and suspense, an ancient prophecy, omens, portents, supernatu
22、ral or otherwise inexplicable events, high, even overwrought emotion, women in distress or threatened by a powerful, impulsive, tyrannical male, and the metonymy of gloom and horror. The gothic novel has influenced the novel, the short story, poetry and even film-making up to the present day.)解析：5.R
23、alph Waldo Emerson and his works（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Emerson is an American essayist, lecturer, and poet, who led the Transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. He is acclaimed as one of the major writers of the mid-19th century, one of the most stimulating American minds. His writing falls
24、 into two types: essay and poetry, and his fame came mainly from his essays. Among his best are Nature and The American Scholar and Self-Reliance. Nature has been called “ the manifesto of American transcendentalism“ ; The American Scholar has been regarded as “America“s Declaration of Intellectual
25、Independence“.)解析：二、分析题(总题数：2，分数：20.00)Questions 1 to 6 are based on the following poem by Edmund Spencer.Sonnet 75 from AmorettiOne day I wrote her name upon the strand,But came the waves and washed it away:Again I wrote it with a second hand,But came the tide, and made my pains his prey.“ Vain man
26、,“ said she, “ that does in vain assay.A mortal thing so to immortalize,For I myself shall like to this decay,And also my name be wiped out likewise. “ Not so,“ said I, “ let baser things deviseTo die in dust, but you shall live in fame:My verses your virtues rare shall eternize,And in heavens write
27、 your glorious name.Where whenas death shall all the world subdue,Our love shall live, and later life renew. “（分数：12.00）(1).What happens to what the speaker has written in the first four lines? What is the young woman“s response to what he has done?（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：In this poem, the speaker wrot
28、e his beloved“s name on the sand, but it was washed away by the tide. He wrote her name again, but again the tide washed it away. The young woman then told him that he was working in vain, because it is impossible to make something immortal that is not meant to be immortal.)解析：(2).In Lines 9-14, wha
29、t does the speaker say his verses will do? What does the speaker say will live after death has “subdued“ all the world?（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The speaker says his verses can eternize the virtues of his lover and write her name in heaven. So in this way, he believes the love between them can live after
30、 death has “subdued“ all the world.)解析：(3).To what time is the speaker referring in the last two lines? With what belief is he associating his love?（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：In the last two lines, the time the speaker refers to is the end of the world, when death takes all lives of the world. And he beli
31、eves his love is the only thing that can survive death and renew the life)解析：(4).What is the rhyme scheme of this poem?（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The rhyme scheme of this sonnet is abab bcbc cdcd ee, which mirrors the motion of the waves Spenser describes crashing continually against the strand.)解析：(5).Sp
32、encer uses alliteration in this poem. Please give two examples of alliteration in the poem. Why does he use alliteration?（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The alliteration can be found in these lines; “But came the waves and washed it away“ , and “My verses your virtues rare shall eternize“. Waves and washed, ve
33、rses and virtues are in alliteration. Alliteration in this sonnet serves two purposes; it is pleasing to the ear; then it emphasizes the words in which it occurs. The words wave, wash, verse and virtue are the keys for us to understand the theme of this poem.)解析：(6).What is the theme of the poem?（分数
34、：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The theme of this poem is clear; No matter how short life is, the poem can immortalize love and life.)解析：Questions 7 to 10 are based on the several stanzas from Edgar Allen Poe“s poem The Raven.The Raven Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary,Over many a quain
35、t and curious volume of forgotten loreWhile I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door“ Tis some visitor,“ I muttered, “ tapping at my chamber doorOnly this and nothing more.Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December;
36、And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor.Eagerly I wished the morrow; vainly I had sought to borrowFrom my books surcease of sorrowsorrow for the lost LenoreFor the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels named LenoreNameless here for evermore.And the silken sad uncertain rustl
37、ing of each purple curtainThrilled mefilled me with fantastic terrors never felt before;So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating“Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber doorSome late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber doorThis it is, and nothing more. “Prese
38、ntly my soul grew stronger; hesitating then no longer,“Sir, “ said I, “or Madam, truly your forgiveness I implore;But the fact is I was napping, and so gently you came rapping,And so faintly you came tapping, tapping at my chamber door,That I scarce was sure I heard you“here I opened wide the doorDa
39、rkness there, and nothing more.Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing,Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before;But the silence was unbroken, and the darkness gave no token,And the only word there spoken was the whispered word, “Lenore?“This I whi
40、spered, and an echo murmured back the word, “ Lenore!“Merely this and nothing more.（分数：8.00）(1).In Stanza 1 ,what is the speaker doing when he first hears the tapping? What does he seek “to borrow“ in Stanza 2?（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：In the first stanza, the speaker is pondering and nodding when he hea
41、rs the tapping. He seeks to borrow “surcease of sorrow“ from the book, that is to say, he wishes to forget the pain and sadness for the loss of a girl by reading books.)解析：(2).What does the speaker say “to still the beating“ of his heart? What does the speaker see when he opens the door?（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：To still the beating of his heart, the speaker says repeatedly “ Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door/ Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber
