1、2008 年复旦大学考博英语真题试卷及答案解析(总分：124.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.Although it is only a small business, its_is surprisingly high.（分数：2.00）A.turn-upB.turn-overC.turn-aboutD.turn-out2.Unfortunately not all of us obtain our just_in this life.（分数：2.00）A.demandsB.gainsC.desertsD.wins3
2、.That contract, about which we had a disagreement last month, has now gone_.（分数：2.00）A.throughB.downC.overD.around4.The_of two houses proved such a financial burden that they were forced to sell one.（分数：2.00）A.upsurgeB.upshotC.upturnD.upkeep5._through the attic and see if you can find anything for t
3、he jumble sale.（分数：2.00）A.LeashB.RummageC.FlutterD.Scrape6.How about a glass of orange juice to_your thirst?（分数：2.00）A.quashB.quellC.quenchD.quieten7.Because the children keep interrupting her whenever she reads a book, she is always _her place.（分数：2.00）A.missingB.slippingC.botheringD.losing8.She wa
4、s putting on her watch when the_broke and it fell to the ground.（分数：2.00）A.beltB.stringC.tieD.strap9.I washed this dress and the color_.（分数：2.00）A.flowedB.escapedC.ranD.removed10.The recent economic crisis has brought about a_in world trade.（分数：2.00）A.sagB.tiltC.droopD.slump11.Although we decorated
5、the room only six months ago, the paint on the ceiling is already_because of the damp.（分数：2.00）A.crumblingB.flakingC.disintegratingD.splintering12.The false banknotes fooled many people, but they did not_to close examination.（分数：2.00）A.put upB.keep upC.stand upD.look up13.They were making enough noi
6、se at the party to wake the_.（分数：2.00）A.deadB.livingC.lunaticD.crippled14.If you would like to send a donation, you can_a cheque to the organization Feed the Children.（分数：2.00）A.make upB.make forC.make outD.make off15.The students visited the museum and spent several hours with the_ , who was very h
7、elpful.（分数：2.00）A.curatorB.bursarC.commissionerD.steward16.The accused man was able to prove his innocence at the trial and was_.（分数：2.00）A.absolvedB.acquittedC.pardonedD.executed17.Mary was extremely lucky: when her great-uncle died, she_a fortune.（分数：2.00）A.came byB.came overC.came intoD.came thro
8、ugh18.The drunken couple did nothing to keep the flat clean and tidy and hived in the utmost _.（分数：2.00）A.decayB.contaminationC.squalorD.confinement19.Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning but _ slightly in the afternoon.（分数：2.00）A.recoveredB.recuperatedC.retrievedD.regai
9、ned20.He tries to_himself with everyone by paying them compliments.（分数：2.00）A.pleaseB.ingratiateC.placateD.remunerate21.I was afraid to open the door lest the beggar_me.（分数：2.00）A.followedB.were to followC.followD.would follow22.By the end of the day the flood water which had covered most of the tow
10、n had（分数：2.00）A.reversedB.retiredC.returnedD.receded23.Educational policies made_the hoof by successive secretaries of state are the main reason for low teacher morale.（分数：2.00）A.inB.onC.byD.along24.It was obvious that he had been drinking far too much from the way he came _down the street.（分数：2.00）
11、A.toddlingB.hobblingC.lopingD.staggering25.He was a generous friend but as a businessman he_a hard bargain.（分数：2.00）A.dealtB.contractedC.droveD.faked26.My friends son, who is a soldier, was delighted when he was _ only a few miles from home.（分数：2.00）A.placedB.stationedC.deportedD.exorcized27.In a co
12、al-mining area, the land tends to_causing damage to roads and buildings.（分数：2.00）A.subsideB.diminishC.confiscateD.cede28.As the cat lay asleep, dreaming her whiskers_.（分数：2.00）A.twitchedB.twistedC.jerkedD.jogged29.The total_from last months charity dance were far more than expected.（分数：2.00）A.warnin
13、gsB.acquisitionsC.proceedsD.subsidies30.The new manager had many difficulties to overcome but he_ them all in his stride.（分数：2.00）A.overlookedB.obtainedC.tackledD.took二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Resale Price Maintenance is the name used when a retailer is compelled to sell at a price fixed
14、 by the manufacturer instead of choosing for himself how much to add on to the wholesale price he pays for his supplies. This practice is associated with the sale of “branded“ goods, which now form a very considerable proportion of consumerspurchases and it has led to a great deal of controversy. Ge
15、nerally such articles are packed and advertised by the manufacturers, who try to create a special image in the minds of possible purchasersan image made up of the look of the article, its use, its price, and everything else which might lead purchasers to ask for that brand rather than any other. If
16、a retailer is allowed to charge any price he likes he may find it worthwhile to sell one brand at “cut“ prices even though this involves a loss, because he hopes to attract customers to the shop, where they may be persuaded to buy many other types of goods at higher prices. The manufacturer of the b
17、rand that has been cut fears that the retailer may be tempted to reduce the services on this article, but even if he does not there is a danger that the customer becomes unsettled and is unwilling to pay the standard price of the article because he feels that he is being “done“ . This may, and indee
18、d often does, affect the reputation of the manufacturer and lose him his markel in the long run. It is sometimes said also that the housewifewho is the principal buyer of most of these goodsprefers a fixed price because she knows where she is and is saved the bother of going from shop to shop in sea
19、rch of lower prices. If one shop cut all the prices of its branded goods she would undoubtedly have an advantage in shopping there. But this does not happen. A store usually lowers the price of one or two of its articles which act as a decoy and makes up its losses on others, and changes the cut-pri
20、ce articles from week to week so as to attract different groups of customers. And so the housewife may feel rather guilty if she does not spend time tracking down the cheaper goods. How far this is true is a matter of temperament and it is impossible to estimate what proportion of purchasers prefer
21、a price that they can rely on wherever they choose to buy and what proportion enjoy the challenge involved in finding the store that offers them a bargain. Those who oppose Resale Price Maintenance on the other hand, point out that there are now a great many different channels of distributionchain s
22、tores, department stores, co-operative stores, independent or unit shops, supermarkets, mail-order houses, and so on. It would be absurd to assume that all of them have exactly the same costs to meet in stocking and selling their goods, so why should they all sell at the same price? If they were all
23、owed to choose for themselves, the more efficient retailers would sell at lower prices and consumers would benefit. As it is, the retail price must be sufficient to cover the costs of the less efficient avenues of distribution and this means the others make a bigger profit than necessary at the expe
24、nse of the public. The supporters of the fixed price argue that this is only half the story. The efficient trader can still compete without lowering his prices. He can offer better servicelong credit, or quick delivery or a pleasant shop decor or helpful assistantsand can do this without imperiling
25、the long term interests of the manufacturer.（分数：10.00）(1).Manufacturers oppose retailers cutting prices on their goods mainly because they think_.（分数：2.00）A.retailers may eventually stop selling their productsB.it may reduce customers confidence in their productsC.customers may feel uneasy when pric
26、es varyD.it may sometimes lead to poor service(2).Supporters of the fixed price hold that an efficient trader can still make money without lowering prices by_.（分数：2.00）A.allowing customers time to payB.hiring assistants for long hours and low wagesC.advertising much more effectivelyD.establishing lo
27、ng-term relations with manufactures(3).By saying “He feels that he is being done“, the author means that customer thinks_.（分数：2.00）A.someone is despising himB.someone is maltreating himC.someone is blackmailing himD.someone is cheating him(4).Which of the following statements is FALSE according to t
28、he passage?（分数：2.00）A.Good service other than price is important in attracting customers.B.An article without a brand name is not subject to Resale Price Maintenance.C.Manufacturers attempt to influence possible purchasers by making their products easy to identify.D.Housewives prefer fixed prices be
29、cause fixed prices are much less likely to fluctuate(5).The sentence “She knows where she is“ in the third paragraph can be paraphrased as “_“.（分数：2.00）A.She knows her placeB.She knows her stuffC.She feels secureD.She feels intoxicatedHe built a hut on a piece of rough land near a rock fall. In the
30、wet season there was a plentiful stream, and ever the years he encouraged the dry forest to surround him with a thick screen. The greener it became the easier it was to forget the outside. In time Melio (not without some terrible mistakes) learnt how to live in spite of the difficulties up on that m
31、ountain shelf. His only neighbors were a family group of Parakana Indians who, for reasons known only to themselves, took a liking to Melio. Their Chief never looked closely at Melio and said to himself that this white man was as mad as a snake which chews off its own tail. The Parkanas taught Melio
32、 to catch fish with the help of a wild plant which made them senseless in the stream. It gave off a powerful drug when shaken violently through the water. They showed him how to hunt by laying traps and digging. In time Melios piece of land became a regular farm. He had wild birds, fat long-legged o
33、nes and thin nearly featherless chickens, and his corn and salted fish was enough to keep him stocked up through the wet season. The Parakanas were always around him. Hed never admit it but he could feel that the trees were like the bars of a prison: they were watching him. It was as if he was there
34、 by courtesy of the Chief. When they came to him, the Indians never entered his house with its steeply sloping roof of dried grass and leaves. They had a delicate way of behaving. They showed themselves by standing in the shade of the trees at the clearings edge. He was expected to cross the chicken
35、 strip towards them. Then they had a curious but charming habit of taking a pace back from him, just one odd step backwards into their green corridors. Melio never could persuade them to come any closer. The group guessed at Melios hatred for his civilized brothers in the towns far away. They knew M
36、elio would never invite any more white men up here. This pleased the Parakanas. It meant that traders looking for rubber and jewels would never reach them. Their Melio would see to that. They were safe with this man and his hatred.（分数：10.00）(1).It is known from the passage that Melio wanted the fore
37、st around him to become thick because the dense leaves_.（分数：2.00）A.reminded him of his house in the town far awayB.prevented the Parakanas from watching himC.helped him to forget the world he hatedD.protected him from being intruded by the white men from the town(2).The Chiefs comparison of Melio to
38、 a snake is intended to show that_.（分数：2.00）A.he did not trust MelioB.it was unwise to go too close to MelioC.he believed Melio hated the ParakanasD.he thought Melio was out of his mind(3).Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.Melio stayed on his farm for a number of years.B.Melio
39、 felt like a prisoner -because he couldnt escape being watched.C.Melio kept himself alive, during the rainy season by eating what he bad in store.D.The Parakanas thought Melio lived there because he was looking for rubber and jewels.(4).To Melio, the Parakana Indians seemed_.（分数：2.00）A.odd but hatef
40、ulB.strange but attractiveC.unhealthy but friendlyD.cowardly but sociable(5).It can be concluded from the passage that the place described by the author was（分数：2.00）A.far removed from civilizationB.impossible to cultivateC.the home of Melios Indian relativesD.wet all the year roundWhen he was so far
41、 out that he could look back not only on the little bay but past the stretch of rock that was between it and the seashore, he floated on the warm surface and looked for his mother. There she was a line yellow dot under an umbrella that looked like a piece of orange-skin. He swam back to shore, relie
42、ved at being sure she was there, but all at once very lonely. On the other side of the bay was a loose scattering of rocks. Above them, some boys were stripping off their clothes. They came running, their bodies bare, down to the rocks. Jerry swam towards them, and kept his distance a little way off
43、. They were off that coast, all of them burned smooth dark brown, and speaking a language he did not understand. To be with them, of them, was a feeling that filled his whole body. He swam a little closer; they turned and watched him with narrowed, attentive dark eves. Then one smiled and waved. It
44、was enough nervousness. They shouted cheerful greetings at him, and then, as he preserved his nervous, puzzled smile, they understood that he was a foreigner who had wandered from his own part of the sands, and they promptly forgot him. But he was happy. He was with them. They began diving again and
45、 again from a high point into a well of blue sea between rough, pointed rocks. After they had dived and come up, they swam round, pulled themselves up, and waited their turn to dive again. They were big boysmen to Jerry. He dived, and they watched him, and when he swam round to take his place, they
46、made way for him. He felt he was accepted, and he dived again, carefully, proud of himself. Soon the biggest of the boys balanced himself, shot down into the water, and did not come up. The others stood about, watching. Jerry, after waiting for the smooth brown head to appear, let out a cry of warni
47、ng; they looked at him idly and turned their eyes back towards the water. After a long time, the boy came up on the other side of a big dark rock, letting the air escape suddenly from his lungs with much coughing and spitting, and giving a shout of satisfaction, immediately, the rest of them dived i
48、n. One moment the morning seemed full of boys as noisy as a crowd of monkeys; the next, the air and the surface of the water were empty. But through the heavy blue, dark shapes could be seen moving and searching. Jerry dived, shot past the school of underwater swimmers, saw a black wall of rock towe
49、ring over him, touched it. and shot up at once to the surface, where the rock formed a low wall he could see across. There was no one in sight, under him, in the water; the shadowy shapes of the swimmers had disappeared. Then one and then another of the boys came gap or hole in it. He dived down again. He could see nothing through the stinging salt water but the solid rock. When he came up, the boys
