1、高级英语自考题-8 及答案解析(总分：98.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：1，分数：25.00)The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to Y. One word or expression for each blank only.If I said that being black is a greater U U 1 /U /Uthan being a woman, probably no one wo
2、uld U U 2 /U /Ume. Why? Because “we all know“ there is U U 3 /U /Uagainst black people in America. That there is prejudice U U 4 /U /Uwomen is an U U 5 /U /Uthat still strikes nearly all menand, I am afraid, most womenas U U 6 /U /U.Christianascetic ideas no longer trouble us. We demand U U 7 /U /Uf
3、or the body as well as for the U U 8 /U /U. Hence, among other things, the U U 9 /U /Umade by face-cream manufacturers and beauty-specialists, by the U U 10 /U /U, of rubber reducing belts and U U 11 /U /Umachines, by the U U 12 /U /Uto hair-lotions and the U U 13 /U /Uof book on the culture of the
4、abdomen.A grocer used to be very U U 14 /U /Uabout his cheese. Cheddar was made and sold by U U 15 /U /Ulittle factories. Representatives of the factories had particular U U 16 /U /U, and cheese was prepared U U 17 /U /Uhand to suit the grocers, who knew precisely U U 18 /U /Utheir patrons wanted. S
5、ome liked them sharper; some liked them yellower; some liked U U 19 /U /Useed in cheese, or caraway.A company that delivers value U U 20 /U /Ucustomer intimacy builds U U 21 /U /Uwith customers like those between good neighbors. Customer-intimate companies dont deliver what the market wants U U 22 /
6、U /Uwhat a specific customer wants. The customer-intimate company U U 23 /U /Ua business of knowing the people it sells to and the products and services they need. It continually U U 24 /U /Uits products and services and does so at U U 25 /U /Uprices.A. bizarre B. handicap C. massage D. prejudiceE.
7、bonds F. but G. makes H. tailorsI. reasonable J. question K. vendors L. ideaM. patentees N. authors O. via P. aniseQ. justice R. soul S. fortunes T. fussyU. hundreds of V. customers W. by X. whatY. against（分数：25.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填
8、空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.I smiled in my best _ manner and asked for the childs first name. I said, come on, Mathilda, open your mouth and lets take a look at your throat. A. professional B. profession C. profess D
9、. professed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.They lived, in bitter _, to see the establishment they had overthrown replaced by a new one, just as hard-faced and stuffy. A. illusion B. illusive C. illustrate D. disillusionment（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.They _ to follow him, eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops. A.
10、surged B. surge C. surging D. force（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Because voluntary euthanasia is taboo, a doctor makes the decision himselfand the patient is killed _ in the night with a syringe. That is one price of keeping euthanasia secret. A. voluntary B. volunteer C. involunteers D. involuntarily（分数：1.00）
11、A.B.C.D.5.The happy homemaker and the contented darky are both stereotypes _ by prejudice. A. productive B. production C. produced D. product（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Magpie needs some relief from this constant _, constant checking up. A. surveil B. surveilling C. surveillance D. surveilled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
12、.7.They stared as though theyd just come from dark little rooms or eveneven _! A. room B. bedroom C. cupboards D. bathroom（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.One summer afternoon, she stopped at the Store to buy _. A. provides B. provided C. provide D. provisions（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Forced feeding on _ fare is not its
13、elf a trivial matter. A. thrive B. trivial C. matter D. thing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.My orders are _ one man in every ten shall be shot in this camp. A. that B. which C. who D. whom（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.I must confess that I always suspect the men who _ that they unvaryingly fall asleep as soon as they ge
14、t into bed. A. board B. boasts C. boast D. boasting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Once again, no book is genuinely free _ political bias. A. with B. from C. out D. towards（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Most of the idle rich suffer _ boredom as the price of their freedom from drudgery. A. unspeakable B. speakable C. speak
15、 D. unspeak（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.We found that too often American men were dying in those rice paddies from _ of support from our so called allies. A. wanted B. want C. wants D. wish（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.We demand justice for the body _ for the soul. A. as well B. well C. as well as D. good（分数：1.00）A.B.
16、C.D.三、B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding three items III, IV, V.(1)Spare-time learners are usually the best learners. Their rate of learning is helped, of course, by the fact that they want, to learn and consequently try to learn. But they are also help
17、ed by circumstances they are forced to take their learning by easy stages.(2)Edgar Burchell, the janitor who became a leading medical scientist and teacher, is an example. He was one of nine children, and he had to leave school and go to work before finishing the grades. At twenty-two he was scrubbi
18、ng floors twelve hours a day at the New York Eye and Ear infirmary.(3)But during his lunch hour he attended staff lectures, carefully pretending he was in the lecture hall for janitor work, Ubut drinking in every word/U that was said. When his twelve-hour shift was over, he remained at the infirmary
19、, watching the interns in the laboratory, “Teach me how you do these things,“ he said to them, “and Ill do them for you.“ Then, from his small saving he bought a second-hand anatomy text which he studied in his other spare moments.(4)Picking up his education in this way, Burchell made himself one of
20、 the worlds authorities on bacteriology and on the anatomy of the head. Surgeons from all over the countries consulted this former janitor before performing puzzling head operations. He had never been a medical student, yet he was given one of those rare honorary degrees of Doctor of Science.(5)Such
21、 spare-time learning is especially efficient since there is time for it to soak in between learning periods. When learning complex things there is an extra advantage in taking breathing spells. When beginning something new, it also, speeds up learning to have breathers. Most eager beginners push the
22、mselves too long at a time. Such Ucrowded study/U or practice produces fatigue or boredom which hinders learning.(6)You cant gain wisdom quickly, but you can gain wisdom steadily by easy stages. Instead of practicing at the typewriter, or piano, or behind the steering wheel for two solid hours, prac
23、tice only one hour. Then take a breather before doing the second hour of practice or study. You will be Ufresher/U when you start the second part. Such spaced practice or study is better for learning than is continuous practice of the same total length.(7)Spaced practice not only eliminates fatigue
24、and boredom, but also some maturation of the nerve connections which have been exercised seems to take place during the space between practice periods. Whatever the reason however, distributed practice is better than continuous practice. Long practice periods can be safely used only after one has ac
25、quired considerable skill.(8)The most efficient distribution of practice or study sessions varies with the kind of material being learned. Each person has to find the best distribution of practice that fits him and his task. Each person has to find the best distribution of practice that fits him and
26、 his task. Follow these two guides in spacing your learning periods:(9)Each practice should be long enough to warm you up and to allow the peak of your present skill to be reached.(10)It should be halted when fatigue, boredom, error, or slowness appear. Learning is more efficient when it is fun, les
27、s efficient when it is drudgery. Practice periods can safely be made longer if the learner is excited about learning. Learning is often more effective in a group, since individual progress then acquires some features of a game or contest. The clever teacher, or expert job trainer, has the Uknack/U o
28、f arousing the learners interest to the point of actual excitement. The ambitious individual often lets his ambition provide the excitement.(11)Keeping score on oneself gives some of this game spirit to the single learner. People usually master a sport such as golf or bowling quickly largely because
29、 they naturally keep tabs on how theyre doing. Score keeping is easy for some kinds of learning, such as typing speed. These scores can be charted week after week to show learning curve or rate of progress in mastering the subject. As for language learning, it may seem more difficult to keep a recor
30、d, but there are still ways to find an indication of your progress. The expanded vocabulary, as well as the improved reading speed and accuracy, will be a record that can encourage you to Uget over/U the boredom.infirmary n. 医院intern n. 实习医生anatomy n. 解剖bacteriology n. 细菌学drudgery n. 无兴趣的工作keep tabs
31、 on 很近地看In this section, there are ten incomplete statements or questions, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D.（分数：20.00）(1).According to the text, Edgar Burchell became _ at last. A. janitor in an infirmary B. a student in a medical school C. an authority in some medical fields D. none of
32、 the above（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).When Burchell was 22, his job was _ at the New York Eye and Ear infirmary. A. cleaning floors B. learning as an intern C. helping interns to do experiments D. continuing his study（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).One of the advantages that spare-time learners have is _. A. they can
33、 better absorb what they are learning B. they are adult learners C. they have no stomach trouble caused by too much learning D. they are prevented by other work from engaging themselves in learning（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the text, most desirous beginners _. A. will succeed with enough time
34、 B. have good habit in learning C. will fail because of studying too long at a time D. will fail because of no help（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Spare-time learners can learn efficiently because _. A. they have to do their professional work B. they are soaked in learning C. they are not bored or fatigued D.
35、they have intervals for rest（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(6).According to the author, efficient learning should _. A. have a good condition B. halt when one is tired C. have a planned schedule D. continue day and night（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(7).According to the author, longer practice period can be used _. A. if time
36、 is enough B. if the student is excited about learning C. if the learner has this experience D. none of the above（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(8).It may be inferred from the passage that _. A. one should not learn anything for more than two hours at a time B. it is generally good to learn for a long period at a
37、 time C. to practice longer doesnt necessarily result in better achievements D. continuous practice is better than interrupted practice（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(9).All of the following are ways to help create excitement in learning except _. A. working in a group B. having continuous practice C. keeping sco
38、res D. having ambition（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(10).The following title best for this text is _. A. How to Learn Efficiently B. Advantages of Spaced Practice C. Take It Easy to Learn Better D. How Edgar Burchell Succeeded（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.四、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Translate the following sentences into Chinese.(1)S
39、pare-time learners are usually the best learners. Their rate of learning is helped, of course, by the fact that they want, to learn and consequently try to learn. But they are also helped by circumstances they are forced to take their learning by easy stages.(2)Edgar Burchell, the janitor who became
40、 a leading medical scientist and teacher, is an example. He was one of nine children, and he had to leave school and go to work before finishing the grades. At twenty-two he was scrubbing floors twelve hours a day at the New York Eye and Ear infirmary.(3)But during his lunch hour he attended staff l
41、ectures, carefully pretending he was in the lecture hall for janitor work, Ubut drinking in every word/U that was said. When his twelve-hour shift was over, he remained at the infirmary, watching the interns in the laboratory, “Teach me how you do these things,“ he said to them, “and Ill do them for
42、 you.“ Then, from his small saving he bought a second-hand anatomy text which he studied in his other spare moments.(4)Picking up his education in this way, Burchell made himself one of the worlds authorities on bacteriology and on the anatomy of the head. Surgeons from all over the countries consul
43、ted this former janitor before performing puzzling head operations. He had never been a medical student, yet he was given one of those rare honorary degrees of Doctor of Science.(5)Such spare-time learning is especially efficient since there is time for it to soak in between learning periods. When l
44、earning complex things there is an extra advantage in taking breathing spells. When beginning something new, it also, speeds up learning to have breathers. Most eager beginners push themselves too long at a time. Such Ucrowded study/U or practice produces fatigue or boredom which hinders learning.(6
45、)You cant gain wisdom quickly, but you can gain wisdom steadily by easy stages. Instead of practicing at the typewriter, or piano, or behind the steering wheel for two solid hours, practice only one hour. Then take a breather before doing the second hour of practice or study. You will be Ufresher/U when you start the second part. Such spaced practice or study is better for learning than is continuous practice of the same total length.(7)Spaced practice not only eliminates fatigue and boredom, but also some maturation of the nerve connections
