1、高级英语自考题-23 及答案解析(总分：121.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：2，分数：42.00)The following paragraphs are taken from the text, followed by a list of words or expressions. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences.“We must draw lots,“ the mayor said U U 1 /U /U. “It is the only fair thing.“ He sat with hi
2、s hands still U U 2 /U /Uhis stomach, U U 3 /U /Uhis watch, but all through the cell you could hear its U U 4 /U /Utick tock tick. He added, “U U 5 /U /Uthe unmarried. The married should not be U U 6 /U /U. They have U U 7 /U /U.“Chavel was U U 8 /U /Uwith a huge and shameful joy. It seemed to him t
3、hat al- ready he was U U 9 /U /Utwenty-nine men to draw and only two marked papers U U 10 /U /UThe chances had suddenly grown in his U U 11 /U /Ufrom ten to one U U 12 /U /Ufourteen to one: the greengrocer had drawn a slip and U U 13 /U /Ucarelessly and without pleasure that he was U U 14 /U /UThey
4、watched him U U 15 /U /Uastonishment but without U U 16 /U /U. He was a U U 17 /U /U. They didnt judge him U U 18 /U /Utheir U U 19 /U /Ustandards, he belonged to an U U 20 /U /Uclass and they didnt at first even attach the idea of U U 21 /U /Uto his actions.A. pressed over B. enmity C. cowardice D.
5、 blunt E. filledF. to G. by H. hiding I. left J. favorK. firmly L. On M. with N. own O. includedP. gentleman Q. unaccountable R. responsibilities S. indicated T. safeU. saved（分数：21.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
6、1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_“We must draw lots,“ the mayor said U U 22 /U /U. “It is the only fair thing.“ He sat with his hands still U U 23 /U /Uhis stomach, U U 24 /U /Uhis watch, but all through the cell you could hear its U U 25 /U /Utick tock tick. He added, “U U 26 /U /Uthe unmarried. The
7、married should not be U U 27 /U /U. They have U U 28 /U /U.“Chavel was U U 29 /U /Uwith a huge and shameful joy. It seemed to him that al- ready he was U U 30 /U /Utwenty-nine men to draw and only two marked papers U U 31 /U /UThe chances had suddenly grown in his U U 32 /U /Ufrom ten to one U U 33
8、/U /Ufourteen to one: the greengrocer had drawn a slip and U U 34 /U /Ucarelessly and without pleasure that he was U U 35 /U /UThey watched him U U 36 /U /Uastonishment but without U U 37 /U /U. He was a U U 38 /U /U. They didnt judge him U U 39 /U /Utheir U U 40 /U /Ustandards, he belonged to an U
9、U 41 /U /Uclass and they didnt at first even attach the idea of U U 42 /U /Uto his actions.A. pressed over B. enmity C. cowardice D. blunt E. filledF. to G. by H. hiding I. left J. favorK. firmly L. On M. with N. own O. includedP. gentleman Q. unaccountable R. responsibilities S. indicated T. safeU.
10、 saved（分数：21.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、B(总题数：7，分数：7.00)1.He said, “You know what you are here for, living comfortably, on fine _, while our men work and fight.“ A. rational B
11、. irrational C. rations D. irration（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.This isnt the last draw we shall have, and _ to yourselves what it will be like in this cell if we have a privileged class. A. regard B. view C. term D. picture（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.He read it rapidly for the last time, then _ it into thirty pieces.
12、 A. scrap B. tore C. take D. get（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.He drew one out, opened it, and gazed at it with _. A. astonishes B. astonished C. astonish D. astonishment（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Indeed from the first draw any mark of pleasure was taboo: one couldnt mock the _ man by any sign of relief. A. consider B.
13、 conceive C. contribute D. condemned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.On three pieces he made a _ in pencil, and then folded each piece. “Kroghs got the biggest shoe,“ he said. A. across B. crossing C. mark D. cross（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.He cleared his throat and put on his pince-nez as though he had to _ he was not m
14、istaken. A. sure B. made sure C. make sure D. assured（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B(总题数：1，分数：50.00)THE BREAKTHROUGHS IN MEDICINEby James . Mc Connell(1) I read with great delight Lewis Thomas “The Medical Lessons of History“ (July 3). It is good to know that such a wise and scholarly physician believes that w
15、e can learn from our past mistakes, and that he has some hope for the future of the medical sciences. It is a pity, however, that Dr. Thomas seems not to have learned the real lesson that history offers usnamely, that the “great breakthroughs“ in any technology are always preceded by a radical chang
16、e in how we view ourselves, and how we behave.(2)Take penicillin, for example. As Dr. Thomas points out, its benefits were derived us for a decade after its discovery by Sir Alexander Fleming. Dr. Thomas holds the medical doctors failed to put penicillin to use because they “disbelieved“ it could do
17、 what plainly it did. Well, thats a nice way of explaining matters. But in truth F1emings colleagues ignored him for 10 years because they refused to accept scientific data showing that penicillin “worked“. Just as a century earlier, the medical leaders in Vienna refused to accept Semmel weisss stud
18、ies showing that the death rate for childbed fever could be cut from about 26% to about 2% if the attending physicians would only wash their hands before delivering babies. In fact, medical doctors (like most of us) are highly reluctant to judge their actions solely in terms of the objective consequ
19、ences of what they do. Like most other humans, MDs usually prefer that they be evaluated according to their intentions and feeling. Any reader who doubts my contention might remember that, in malpractice suits, the physicians defense typically is, “I followed standard medical procedure,“ rather than
20、, “I did what was necessary to cure the patient.“ Just ask your own family physician some time what his or her own particular “cure rate“ is for a given medical problem and demand statistical evidence to back up the claim. My guess is that you will shortly be dismissed as a patient.(3)As Dr. Thomas
21、suggests in his article, medical technology is at another of those difficult crossroads. For the medical profession has blossomed in the past 100 years by taking the viewpoint that most human woes and miseries are biologically determined. In fact, man is not a purely biological animal; we are social
22、 and psychological animals as well. The long- term medical “cure rate“ for obesity is less than 10%; the behavioral cure rate is about 60%. Yet most physicians continue to prescribe pills and fancy diets for weight loss, when what 90% of the patients need is encouragement in learning how to eat prop
23、erly. These “cure rate“ data have been reported in dozens of scientific journals for dozens of years. Yet just a month ago a man I know informed me that his doctor had told him, “You are too damned fat. If you dont lose weight, youre going to die, and it will serve you right.“ Needless to say, the m
24、an became so depressed that he went on an eating jag.(4)For almost a decade now, I have been sending behaviorally trained undergraduates into hospitals to help physicians learn how to handle their patients in more humane, rewarding ways. We have demonstrated that we can take some of the most difficu
25、lt patients imaginable and, using both love and behavioral technology, increase certain “cure rates“ dramatic-ally.(5)Most of our techniques involve rewarding patients for following good medical regimens and teaching patients how to handle their own emotional and behavioral problems. Since we have a
26、n example objective proof that our techniques save lives, youd think that the medical profession would be beating down our doors asking us to teach them our skills. Alas, what we get mostly is the response “This patient is a medical case, not a psychiatric problem, and only pills and surgery will he
27、lp.“(6)Despite what Dr. Thomas has said, the next great leap forward will come when medical students are routinely taught that the way they act toward the patientand the way the patient is taught to think, feel, and behaveare as important in achieving a lasting “cure“ as are drugs and surgical proce
28、dures. Thats the real “medical lesson of history“. I do hope that Dr. Thomas and his colleagues learn that fact before Its too late.（分数：50.00）(1).In this section, there are Five incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding l
29、etter on your Answer Sheet.The authors main purpose in his reply to the Thomas article is _. A. he wanted to avail of this good opportunity to praise Thomas for his wisdom and his faith in medical sciences B. he wanted to support Thomas idea that the “great breakthroughs“ in any technology will happ
30、en after there is a radical change in our views and our consequent behaviors C. he wanted to express his view that there are social and psychological factors involved in the treatment of disease than biological factors D. he wanted to show his optimism about breakthroughs in medicine（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D
31、.(2).From this passage, we know that medical doctors are most concerned with _. A. their “cure rate“ of a certain disease B. whether they have followed the standard procedure C. whether they followed good medical regimens D. teaching patients how to handle their own emotional and behavioral problems
32、（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(3).From the passage we can guess the word “surgery“ means _. A. a medical treatment B. the place where operations are done C. a resting place for doctors and nurses D. a regular period when people can see a doctor（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The long-term medical “cure rate“ for obesity is
33、 less than 10%; but the behavioral cure rate is about 60%. That is because _. A. the physicians dont proscribe proper medicines B. the physicians are all not properly educated C. the physicians dont care about the patients health at all D. the physicians only use medicine instead of giving love and
34、taking behavioral technology（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(5).In treating a patient, Mc Connell holds the belief that _. A. doctors should follow the medical procedure as possible as they can B. doctors should be tough on their patients and even swear at them if they fail to obey their orders C. doctors should c
35、onceal the knowledge of illness from their patients D. doctors should establish good relationship with their patients so as to help them get well（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(6).BTranslate the following sentences into Chinese and write the translation on your Answer Sheet./B For the medical profession has bloss
36、omed in the past 100 years by taking the viewpoint that most human woes and miseries are biologically determined.（分数：5.00）_(7).Needless to say, the man became so depressed that he went on an eating jag.（分数：5.00）_(8).In fact, medical doctors are highly reluctant to judge their actions solely in terms
37、 of the objective consequences of what they do.（分数：5.00）_(9).It is a pity, however, that Dr. Thomas seems not to have learned the real lesson that history offers usnamely, that the “great breakthroughs“ in any technology are always preceded by a radical change in how we view ourselves, and how we be
38、have.（分数：5.00）_(10).Answer the following essay question in English within 80100 words. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.How do the doctors in these days improve their “cure rate“? Please give your suggestions.（分数：5.00）_四、B(总题数：5，分数：22.00)8.明天，你们其中的三人必须被处决，至于哪三人，我们不在乎，由你们自己定。（分数：5.00）_9.有人说未婚者应
39、该先死，因为他们没有家庭责任。（分数：5.00）_10.他坐下来摸出一支烟，但是当他把烟放在唇间时却忘了点燃它。（分数：4.00）_11.他突然说话，以便给人一种他本身并不具备的有力量的印象。（分数：4.00）_12.老职员牺牲了一封家里来信，开始准备签。（分数：4.00）_高级英语自考题-23 答案解析(总分：121.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：2，分数：42.00)The following paragraphs are taken from the text, followed by a list of words or expressions. Choose the o
40、ne that best completes each of the sentences.“We must draw lots,“ the mayor said U U 1 /U /U. “It is the only fair thing.“ He sat with his hands still U U 2 /U /Uhis stomach, U U 3 /U /Uhis watch, but all through the cell you could hear its U U 4 /U /Utick tock tick. He added, “U U 5 /U /Uthe unmarr
41、ied. The married should not be U U 6 /U /U. They have U U 7 /U /U.“Chavel was U U 8 /U /Uwith a huge and shameful joy. It seemed to him that al- ready he was U U 9 /U /Utwenty-nine men to draw and only two marked papers U U 10 /U /UThe chances had suddenly grown in his U U 11 /U /Ufrom ten to one U U 12 /U /U
