1、语言与文化自考题模拟 9 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.The word “interpersonal“ consists of _ morphemes.（分数：1.00）A.5B.4C.3D.22.The English equivalent for “前车之覆，后车之鉴“ can be “_“.（分数：1.00）A.Rats desert a sinking shipB.A small leak will sink a great shipC.He that would sail without danger must never come on the mai
2、n seaD.Let another“s shipwreck be your seamark3._ are used to address others to draw their attention.（分数：1.00）A.ResponsesB.VocativesC.FarewellsD.Introductions4.March is the Roman god of（分数：1.00）A.warB.the seaC.agricultureD.the sky5.“I“d love to join in. Only I don“t know how to play.“ The logical re
3、lation between the adjoining sentences is _.（分数：1.00）A.additiveB.adversativeC.causalD.temporal6.“_“ is inappropriate as a reply to an apology.（分数：1.00）A.It“s OK.B.It“s all right.C.Not at all.D.Never mind.7.But this is an odd thing, though he“s impulsive, he“s as stubborn as a _.（分数：1.00）A.muleB.cowC
4、.horseD.pig8.The allusion “the Garden of Eden“ refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.an immoral pleasureB.an illegal pleasureC.an immoral loveD.the garden where Adam and Eve first lived9.“A Cleopatra“ is an allusion from _.（分数：1.00）A.mythologyB.religionC.literatureD.sports10.The Chinese meaning of “Mars“ is _.（分数：
5、1.00）A.水星B.金星C.火星D.木星11.Physical acts that can fully take the place of spoken words are _.（分数：1.00）A.emblemsB.illustratorsC.regulatorsD.adapters12.The _ refers to royal or very noble rank.（分数：1.00）A.purpleB.redC.blackD.blue13.A book with names of well-known persons, especially government officials i
6、s a _ in American English.（分数：1.00）A.yellow bookB.blue bookC.white bookD.green book14.“Farm“ is pronounced as _ in American English. A. B. C. D. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Terms of humility are used to show the speaker“s _.（分数：1.00）A.braveryB.modestyC.respectD.superiority16.English speakers emphasize _ in
7、social interaction, For this reason, one can find only a few honourifics in English.（分数：1.00）A.noveltyB.familiarityC.traditionsD.customs17.When one compares English and Chinese narrative and descriptive texts, one can find that the English ones are _.（分数：1.00）A.more floweryB.more ornateC.less flower
8、yD.less plain18.It is suggested that Chinese people are good at holistic _.（分数：1.00）A.writingB.speakingC.thinkingD.doing19.Raising one“s open hand with palm down to one“s throat means “_“ in English culture.（分数：1.00）A.Shame on youB.I“m fullC.Kill yourselfD.You“re shorter than I20.The space that excl
9、usively belongs to its owner is referred to as _ territory.（分数：1.00）A.primaryB.secondaryC.publicD.intimate21.Language is _ used in the communication of thought.（分数：1.00）A.an instrumentB.an ideaC.a meansD.a vehicle22.The English equivalents to “副“ in Chinese are _.（分数：1.00）A.lieutenantB.underC.deputy
10、D.vice23.When English speakers respond to thanks, they normally say “_.“（分数：1.00）A.Don“t mention itB.It“s my pleasureC.Not at allD.No. It“s my duty24.The commonly used English apologies are “_.“（分数：1.00）A.Thank you so muchB.Excuse meC.I beg you pardonD.I“m sorry25.The allusion “a Damocles sword“ ref
11、ers to _.（分数：1.00）A.a swarm of evils upon mankindB.danger that is always presentC.a prolific source of troublesD.forthcoming danger26._ can be associated with old age.（分数：1.00）A.White-headedB.Grey beardC.Yellow-headedD.Grey-headed27.A Chinese shows respect not only to a superior as his interlocutor.
12、 He uses honourifics to refer to his superior _.（分数：1.00）A.when his superior is presentB.when his superior is not presentC.when his superior knows he is mentionedD.when his superior does not know he is mentioned28.The logical relationships between adjoining sentences can be classified into _.（分数：1.0
13、0）A.additiveB.adversativeC.causalD.temporal29.One may find many borrowings from _ in legal English.（分数：1.00）A.GreekB.LatinC.FrenchD.German30.In general, Americans“ postures are more _ than the Chinese speakers“.（分数：1.00）A.casualB.aggressiveC.reservedD.appropriate31.Only human beings possess what can
14、 be called 1 in the true sense of the term. （分数：2.00）32.The system of meaning shaped in a particular cultural context is 1. （分数：2.00）33.The English equivalent for “挂钟“ is “ 1“. （分数：2.00）34. 1 means skimming across water on skis while being towed by a motorboat. （分数：2.00）35.“ 1“ derived from cock-fig
15、hting, is a symbol of fear, cowardice or timidity. （分数：2.00）36.The British English for “货物标“ is “ 1“. （分数：2.00）37.“How old are you“ is an 1 question when you talk with English speakers. （分数：2.00）38.“ 1“ is signified by moving several times the hand whose forefinger touches one“s own cheek. （分数：2.00）
16、39. 1 refer to laws, agreements, contracts, guarantees, etc. （分数：2.00）40. 1 time orientation deals with the way cultures perceive and use time. （分数：2.00）41.Why do we say that culture is a historical phenomenon? （分数：3.00）_42.What does “a white hope“ refer to? （分数：3.00）_43.Give a brief introduction to
17、 “cooperative principle“. （分数：3.00）_44.What are the qualities or characteristics of eye behaviours? （分数：3.00）_45.Carry coals to Newcastle. （分数：3.00）_46.Your face is glowing with health. （分数：3.00）_47.Wine is old men“s milk. （分数：3.00）_48.不要以貌取人。 （分数：3.00）_49.人生不过是移动的影子。 （分数：3.00）_50.为金钱而侍奉上帝的人会为更多的报酬服
18、侍魔鬼。 （分数：3.00）_51.What cross-cultural contrast can you find between English and Chinese telephone calls? （分数：10.00）_52.What are the contrasts between English and Chinese touching behaviours? （分数：10.00）_语言与文化自考题模拟 9 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.The word “interpersonal“ consists of _ morphemes.（分数：1.00
19、）A.5B.4C.3 D.2解析：考点 本题主要考查对词素的了解。 词素是语言最小的意义单位。单词 interpersonal 包含 3 个词素(inter+person+al)。2.The English equivalent for “前车之覆，后车之鉴“ can be “_“.（分数：1.00）A.Rats desert a sinking shipB.A small leak will sink a great shipC.He that would sail without danger must never come on the main seaD.Let another“s s
20、hipwreck be your seamark 解析：考点 本题主要考查对英语成语的翻译。 Let another“s shipwreck be your seamark 和中文里的“前车之覆，后车之鉴”相对应。3._ are used to address others to draw their attention.（分数：1.00）A.ResponsesB.Vocatives C.FarewellsD.Introductions解析：考点 本题主要考查称呼语。 英语中，称呼语用来打招呼，以引起别人的注意。4.March is the Roman god of（分数：1.00）A.war
21、 B.the seaC.agricultureD.the sky解析：考点 本题主要考查英文里的神话典故。 March 源于 Mars(玛斯)，是罗马战神。5.“I“d love to join in. Only I don“t know how to play.“ The logical relation between the adjoining sentences is _.（分数：1.00）A.additiveB.adversative C.causalD.temporal解析：考点 本题主要考查毗邻的两个句子之间的关系。 I“d love to join in. Only I don
22、“t know how to play 的意思是“我是很想加入这个游戏，但是我不知道怎么个玩法”。这是一个表示转折关系的两个句子，给人带来“出乎意料”的感觉。6.“_“ is inappropriate as a reply to an apology.（分数：1.00）A.It“s OK.B.It“s all right.C.Not at all. D.Never mind.解析：考点 本题主要考查对致歉的应答。 在对抱歉做出应答时，最常用的说法是 It“s OK, It“s all right, Never mind 等。因此 C 项不正确。7.But this is an odd thi
23、ng, though he“s impulsive, he“s as stubborn as a _.（分数：1.00）A.mule B.cowC.horseD.pig解析：考点 本题主要考查明喻的跨文化异同。 在西方国家中，骡子要为主人干重活。很自然，负重的牲畜并非永远乐于干重活，因此西方国家的人们把骡子看成最犟的家畜。在中国农村地区，牛是主要的驮物家畜，所以中国人把牛看成是倔犟的家畜。as stubborn as a mule 对应的中文意思是“像牛一样犟”。8.The allusion “the Garden of Eden“ refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.an immo
24、ral pleasureB.an illegal pleasureC.an immoral loveD.the garden where Adam and Eve first lived 解析：考点 本题主要考查对英语宗教典故的理解。 the Garden of Eden(伊甸园)指天堂(paradise)，源于亚当(Adam)和夏娃(Eve)首次居住的伊甸园。9.“A Cleopatra“ is an allusion from _.（分数：1.00）A.mythologyB.religionC.literature D.sports解析：考点 本题主要考查英语典故的来源。 英语的丰富文学遗
25、产是英语典故的重要来源之一。A Cleopatra(克娄巴特拉)指绝色美女，是来自莎士比亚戏剧的典故实例。10.The Chinese meaning of “Mars“ is _.（分数：1.00）A.水星B.金星C.火星 D.木星解析：考点 本题主要考查对科技术语的了解。 有些源于希腊文或拉丁文的术语取自希腊、罗马神话。天文学中太阳系的行星之一 Mars 对应的汉语是火星。11.Physical acts that can fully take the place of spoken words are _.（分数：1.00）A.emblems B.illustratorsC.regula
26、torsD.adapters解析：考点 本题主要考查对不同种类手势的了解。 手势可以分为标志类手势(emblems)、说明类手势(illustrators)、调节类手势(regulators)、情感展示类手势(affect displays)和适应类手势(adapters)5 个类型。其中标志类手势可以完全代替词语。12.The _ refers to royal or very noble rank.（分数：1.00）A.purple B.redC.blackD.blue解析：考点 本题主要考查英语中紫色的联想意义。 紫色常指社会地位高，特指皇家地位或权势。紫色还指华而不实的东西。13.A
27、book with names of well-known persons, especially government officials is a _ in American English.（分数：1.00）A.yellow bookB.blue book C.white bookD.green book解析：考点 本题主要考查蓝色的联想意义。 蓝色在英语中常与较高的社会地位和贵族身份有关。美国英语中，blue book 不指蓝色封面的书，而是指记载名人的书，尤其指记载政府要员的书。14.“Farm“ is pronounced as _ in American English. A.
28、B. C. D. （分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：考点 本题主要考查美国英语和英语英语在发音上的区别。 当 r 在元音后面时，在英国英语中 r 不发音，farm 读作 ，而在美国英语中发音。farm 读作 15.Terms of humility are used to show the speaker“s _.（分数：1.00）A.braveryB.modesty C.respectD.superiority解析：考点 本题主要考查对谦词的理解。 谦词用来表达说话人的谦恭(modesty)。对于古代中国人来说，谦逊是极其重要的，尤其是同年长者、社会经济地位较高者或在某个领域有特权者
29、进行交际时更是如此。16.English speakers emphasize _ in social interaction, For this reason, one can find only a few honourifics in English.（分数：1.00）A.noveltyB.familiarity C.traditionsD.customs解析：考点 本题主要考查对英语文化中敬语的了解。 在英语文化中，人们很重视亲近或熟悉程度(familiarity)。因此，许多讲英语的人在交往中就很快直呼其名，所以，英语中敬语也就少了。17.When one compares Engl
30、ish and Chinese narrative and descriptive texts, one can find that the English ones are _.（分数：1.00）A.more floweryB.more ornateC.less flowery D.less plain解析：考点 本题主要考查英语和汉语书面语的特色。 在比较英语和汉语的记叙文和描写文时，我们不难发现汉语比英语辞藻华丽，富于夸张。18.It is suggested that Chinese people are good at holistic _.（分数：1.00）A.writingB.s
31、peakingC.thinking D.doing解析：考点 本题主要考查说英语的人和说汉语的人思维方式的差异。 一般说来，中国人擅长整体思维。19.Raising one“s open hand with palm down to one“s throat means “_“ in English culture.（分数：1.00）A.Shame on youB.I“m full C.Kill yourselfD.You“re shorter than I解析：考点 本题主要考查英语中的手势。 在英语文化中，人们常常张开手，手心向下抬至喉咙前，伴随说“I“m full up here”，来表
32、明自己吃饱了。20.The space that exclusively belongs to its owner is referred to as _ territory.（分数：1.00）A.primary B.secondaryC.publicD.intimate解析：考点 本题主要考查空间的划分种类。 完全归拥有者所有的空间是个人基本空间(primary territory)。21.Language is _ used in the communication of thought.（分数：1.00）A.an instrument B.an ideaC.a means D.a veh
33、icle 解析：考点 本题主要考查语言与思维之间的关系。 一般认为思维是通过语言进行交流的。离开语言，我们就不能把我们的想法传达给别人，也不能了解别人的真正意愿，因此说语言是思想交流的工具。A、C、D 都有“工具”的意思。22.The English equivalents to “副“ in Chinese are _.（分数：1.00）A.lieutenant B.under C.deputy D.vice 解析：考点 本题主要考查英语和汉语中对应词的搭配意义。 在英语中和“副”对应的词有 vice，associate，deputy，lieutenant，under 等。23.When E
34、nglish speakers respond to thanks, they normally say “_.“（分数：1.00）A.Don“t mention it B.It“s my pleasure C.Not at all D.No. It“s my duty解析：考点 本题主要考查对致谢的应答。 英语中最常用的对感谢的应答语有 Not at all, Don“t mention it, You“re welcome, It“s my pleasure, It“s OK 等。24.The commonly used English apologies are “_.“（分数：1.00
35、）A.Thank you so muchB.Excuse me C.I beg you pardon D.I“m sorry 解析：考点 本题主要考查英语中道歉的说法。 讲英语的人使用道歉语很频繁。当他们需要从别人前面通过时，或因故要离开时，就会说“Excuse me”；当他们没有听清别人说的话时，会说“I beg you pardon”；当他们赴约晚了，会说“I“m sorry”。A项是表示感谢的用语。25.The allusion “a Damocles sword“ refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.a swarm of evils upon mankindB.danger
36、that is always present C.a prolific source of troublesD.forthcoming danger 解析：考点 本题主要考查对英语神话典故的了解。 a Damocles sword(达摩克勒斯之剑)指即将来到的或始终存在的危险，来源于古代塞拉丘斯暴君在宴会上用一根头发悬挂于达摩克勒斯头顶上的一把剑。因此，B、D 项符合题意。26._ can be associated with old age.（分数：1.00）A.White-headedB.Grey beard C.Yellow-headedD.Grey-headed 解析：考点 本题主要考
37、查颜色词的联想意义。 在英语中，灰色常比喻忧郁、阴沉。灰色也指老年，如：grey beard 指老人，grey headed 指年纪大的。27.A Chinese shows respect not only to a superior as his interlocutor. He uses honourifics to refer to his superior _.（分数：1.00）A.when his superior is present B.when his superior is not present C.when his superior knows he is mentio
38、nedD.when his superior does not know he is mentioned解析：考点 本题主要：考查对敬语的了解。 敬语用来对谈话的对方或所提到的人表示尊重。在汉语文化中，中国人不仅在与上级或长辈直接对话时表示尊敬，在提及他们时，不管他们是否在场，都要表示尊敬。28.The logical relationships between adjoining sentences can be classified into _.（分数：1.00）A.additive B.adversative C.causal D.temporal 解析：考点 本题主要考查毗邻的两个句
39、子之间的关系的种类。 毗邻的两个句子之间的关系可以分为四大类：附加关系(additive relations)、转折关系(adversative relations)、因果关系(causal relations)和时间关系(temporal relations)。29.One may find many borrowings from _ in legal English.（分数：1.00）A.GreekB.Latin C.French D.German解析：考点 本题主要考查英语法律文件的特点。 法律文件常用文绉绉的词，很多来源于拉丁文。法国人是罗马法典的继承人，也注重制定法律。拿破仑法典就
40、是根据罗马法典制定的，影响了欧洲大多数国家。因此，在英国的法律文件中，法文也很多。30.In general, Americans“ postures are more _ than the Chinese speakers“.（分数：1.00）A.casual B.aggressive C.reservedD.appropriate解析：考点 本题主要考查对体态的了解。 一般来说，讲英语者，尤其是美国人，其体态显得比中国人更随意，也更有侵略性，显示出其好斗性和闯劲。31.Only human beings possess what can be called 1 in the true se
41、nse of the term. （分数：2.00）解析：language32.The system of meaning shaped in a particular cultural context is 1. （分数：2.00）解析：Culture-specific33.The English equivalent for “挂钟“ is “ 1“. （分数：2.00）解析：wall clock34. 1 means skimming across water on skis while being towed by a motorboat. （分数：2.00）解析：Water skii
42、ng35.“ 1“ derived from cock-fighting, is a symbol of fear, cowardice or timidity. （分数：2.00）解析：The white feather36.The British English for “货物标“ is “ 1“. （分数：2.00）解析：label37.“How old are you“ is an 1 question when you talk with English speakers. （分数：2.00）解析：impolite38.“ 1“ is signified by moving seve
43、ral times the hand whose forefinger touches one“s own cheek. （分数：2.00）解析：Shame on you39. 1 refer to laws, agreements, contracts, guarantees, etc. （分数：2.00）解析：Legal documents40. 1 time orientation deals with the way cultures perceive and use time. （分数：2.00）解析：Cultural41.Why do we say that culture is
44、a historical phenomenon? （分数：3.00）_正确答案：()解析：Because each generation inherits the culture which is established by its forefathers.42.What does “a white hope“ refer to? （分数：3.00）_正确答案：()解析：A while hope refers to a talented person who is thought likely to bring success or victory.43.Give a brief introduction to “cooperative principle“. （分数：3.00）_正确答案：()解析：Co
