1、语言与文化自考题模拟 7及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.“To be very careful and correct in one“s behaviour“ is synonymous to _.（分数：1.00）A.“Mr. Right“B.“keep one“s own company“C.“to mind one“s p“s and q“s“D.“to keep one“s nose clean“2.In English culture, “old“ is associated with all the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）
2、A.uselessB.traditionalC.skilledD.senile3.Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.English is a language with explicit grammar and Chinese is a language with implicit grammar.B.Compared with Chinese, English has more grammatical morphemes that are used more frequently in either speech
3、 or writing.C.Chinese has no grammatical morphemes.D.Grammatical explicitness and consistency are required in English.4.All languages have _ terms and distinguish at least three characteristics in relatives.（分数：1.00）A.technicalB.complicatedC.subtleD.kinship5.When offering or urging another person to
4、 be first in going through a door or getting in a car, the normal expression is “_.“（分数：1.00）A.You go first, pleaseB.Thank youC.Help yourselfD.After you6.To gain the attention of a stranger, speakers often rely on “_“ in American English.（分数：1.00）A.MissB.MisterC.SirD.Excuse me7.When you want to comp
5、liment the new coat Mary wears, you can say “_“（分数：1.00）A.Your new coat is very beautiful, but the colour doesn“t suit you.B.That“s very nice coat you“re wearing. It must be very expensive.C.You look much younger in this coat.D.How much did you pay for this coat?8.“To make a cat laugh“ means “_“.（分数
6、：1.00）A.to be tragicB.to be comicC.to be proudD.to be serious9.The idiomatic expression “to miss the boat“ means “_“.（分数：1.00）A.to lose the opportunity to do or obtain somethingB.to say something embarrassingC.to have an angry attitudeD.to say something wrong or unsuitable10.“_“ refers to a cruel, g
7、reedy, money-grabbing person who will go to no ends to gain wealth.（分数：1.00）A.A CleopatraB.A Sherlock HolmesC.A ShylockD.An Oliver Twist11.The allusion “to play one“s triumph cards“ is derived from _.（分数：1.00）A.sportsB.historyC.religionD.literature12.“Blue“ may connote _.（分数：1.00）A.jealousy and envy
8、B.negative qualitiesC.purity and innocenceD.unhappy feelings13.A simile is a direct _ between two or more unlike things, normally introduced by “like“ or “as“.（分数：1.00）A.meaningB.comparisonC.linkD.way14.“黑面包“ can be translated into “_“.（分数：1.00）A.brown breadB.dark breadC.black breadD.red bread15.“Un
9、derprivileged“ is a euphemism for _.（分数：1.00）A.poorB.sickC.unemployedD.handicapped16.“Congress passes tight budget.“ From the above example of a news headline, we can see that the most salient feature of the head- line is _.（分数：1.00）A.repetitionB.concisionC.smoothnessD.omission17.The man ran away wh
10、en he saw the dog. The above sentence is connected _.（分数：1.00）A.hypotacticallyB.paratacticallyC.in a parallel wayD.unreasonably18.British English is spoken in _.（分数：1.00）A.Great BritainB.AustraliaC.New ZealandD.All of the above19.English advertising is more _ than Chinese advertising.（分数：1.00）A.form
11、alB.persuasiveC.colloquialD.colourful20.Nonverbal communication is communication without _.（分数：1.00）A.actionB.gesturesC.eye contactD.words21.Affective meaning is communicated when _ are expressed directly or indirectly in language.（分数：1.00）A.communicative valuesB.attitudesC.feelingsD.referential mea
12、nings22.When receiving a gift, the English speakers normally say “_.“（分数：1.00）A.It“s very niceB.This is really what I wantC.It must have cost you a lot. Thank you very muchD.How much is it? Thank you very much23.“_“ can he said as a reply to thanks.（分数：1.00）A.You“re welcomeB.It“s OKC.It“s my dutyD.I
13、t“s my pleasure24.When most of English speaking people meet for the first time, they often say something like “_.“（分数：1.00）A.I“m pleased to meet youB.How is everythingC.It“s nice to meet youD.It“s nice to have met you25.The allusion “a Damocles sword“ is derived from _.（分数：1.00）A.literatureB.religio
14、nC.mythologyD.history26.In English culture “red“ is often associated with _.（分数：1.00）A.celebrationsB.revolutionC.communismD.blood shedding27.“_“ can be used as a euphemism to signify death.（分数：1.00）A.CompleteB.PerishC.To be with one“s parentsD.To pay the debt of nature28.The style one chooses for on
15、e“s speech depends on a number of factors, including the _.（分数：1.00）A.interlocutorsB.topicC.settingD.environment29.American English differs from British English mainly in _.（分数：1.00）A.toneB.pronunciationC.grammarD.vocabulary30.Touching or bodily contact is more common among _ in English speaking cou
16、ntries.（分数：1.00）A.malesB.the oldC.femalesD.the young31.Analytic thinking interacts with English, while 1 thinking interacts with Chinese. （分数：2.00）32.In English, “well“ can be used to express 1, hesitation, and relief. （分数：2.00）33.The prefix “super-“ and suffixes “-logy“, “-ics“ are all from 1. （分数：
17、2.00）34.“Each cross hath its own inscription“ is related to 1 because in it the word “cross“ appears. （分数：2.00）35. 1 are one type of idioms, consisting of a verb and a particle in most cases. （分数：2.00）36.“To have a tendency to stretch the truth“ simply means to 1. （分数：2.00）37.“拜读了大作“ can be translat
18、ed into “ 1“. （分数：2.00）38.The term “ 1“ refers to any piece of spoken or written language, which expresses a complete meaning. （分数：2.00）39.The word “cookie“ is from 1. （分数：2.00）40.In a news report, the most salient feature of the headline is omission or the frequent use of the 1 tense. （分数：2.00）41.W
19、hat is artistic thinking? （分数：3.00）_42.How are introductions conducted in English? （分数：3.00）_43.Why do Chinese people use “请“ less extensively and frequently than “please“ used in English? （分数：3.00）_44.What does the euphemistic expression “to go west“ mean and how is it derived? （分数：3.00）_45.It“s a
20、long time since he went west. （分数：3.00）_46.It must be snowing, for it is so bright outside. （分数：3.00）_47.Wine makes all kinds of creatures at table. （分数：3.00）_48.您有何高见? （分数：3.00）_49.谋事在人，成事在天。 （分数：3.00）_50.称呼语用于招呼别人，引起其注意。 （分数：3.00）_51.Why is it said that English is a hypotactic language and Chinese
21、 is a paratactic language? （分数：10.00）_52.What are the commonly used euphemisms related to education in English? Are euphemisms frequently used in Chinese educational institution? （分数：10.00）_语言与文化自考题模拟 7答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.“To be very careful and correct in one“s behaviour“ is synonymous to _
22、.（分数：1.00）A.“Mr. Right“B.“keep one“s own company“C.“to mind one“s p“s and q“s“ D.“to keep one“s nose clean“解析：考点 本题主要考查英语中有关人生哲学的成语。 to be very careful and correct in one“s behaviour的意思是“言行小心谨慎”，和 to mind one“s p“s and q“s的意思相近。2.In English culture, “old“ is associated with all the following EXCEPT
23、_.（分数：1.00）A.uselessB.traditionalC.skilled D.senile解析：考点 本题在主要考查英语词汇的内涵意义。 在英语文化中，old 常和“传统”“衰老”、“无用”等相联系。3.Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.English is a language with explicit grammar and Chinese is a language with implicit grammar.B.Compared with Chinese, English has more g
24、rammatical morphemes that are used more frequently in either speech or writing.C.Chinese has no grammatical morphemes. D.Grammatical explicitness and consistency are required in English.解析：考点 本题主要考查英语和汉语语祛的差异。 人们常说英语是显性语法的语言而汉语是隐性语法的语言。英语的语法词索不仅数量比汉语的语法词素多，且使用频率高，但这并不意味着汉语没有语法词素。英语数和语法范畴是显性的且是一致的。4.
25、All languages have _ terms and distinguish at least three characteristics in relatives.（分数：1.00）A.technicalB.complicatedC.subtleD.kinship 解析：考点 本题主要考查语言与思维的关系。 语言用来表达思想，所以它的结构和功能必须反映这些思想。例如：所有语言中都有亲属关系词(kinship terms)并且至少区分亲属关系的三个特点：辈分、血缘关系和性别。5.When offering or urging another person to be first in
26、going through a door or getting in a car, the normal expression is “_.“（分数：1.00）A.You go first, pleaseB.Thank youC.Help yourselfD.After you 解析：考点 本题主要考在英语中 please一词的用法。 有些情况下 please是不能使用的。 如：当主动要求或力劝别人先进门或上车时，一般的表达方法式是 After you；在就餐时，讲英语的人通常会说 Help yourself。在这些情况下，中国人都会说“请”。6.To gain the attention o
27、f a stranger, speakers often rely on “_“ in American English.（分数：1.00）A.MissB.MisterC.SirD.Excuse me 解析：考点 本题主要考查美国人对陌生人的称呼方式。 在美国，人们更多地用 Miss，Ma“am，Mister，Sir 作为对陌生人的称呼语。在美国经常用 Excuse me或I beg your pardon来引起陌生人的注意，而不用称呼语。7.When you want to compliment the new coat Mary wears, you can say “_“（分数：1.00
28、）A.Your new coat is very beautiful, but the colour doesn“t suit you.B.That“s very nice coat you“re wearing. It must be very expensive.C.You look much younger in this coat. D.How much did you pay for this coat?解析：考点 本题主要考查对英语中赞语的了解。 要称赞别人的衣服漂亮，可以说“You look much younger in this coat”。8.“To make a cat
29、laugh“ means “_“.（分数：1.00）A.to be tragicB.to be comic C.to be proudD.to be serious解析：考点 本题主要考查英语中成语的意思。 to make a cat laugh是“把死人逗笑了”的意思，说明比较喜剧化，有意思，特别好笑。9.The idiomatic expression “to miss the boat“ means “_“.（分数：1.00）A.to lose the opportunity to do or obtain something B.to say something embarrassin
30、gC.to have an angry attitudeD.to say something wrong or unsuitable解析：考点 本题主要考查英语中成语的意思。 To miss the boat: lose tire opportunity to do or obtain something(失去得到采物或做某件事的机会，坐失良机)。10.“_“ refers to a cruel, greedy, money-grabbing person who will go to no ends to gain wealth.（分数：1.00）A.A CleopatraB.A Sherl
31、ock HolmesC.A Shylock D.An Oliver Twist解析：考点 本题主要考查对英语文学典故的理解。 a Shylock指残酷、贪婪、见钱眼开的人，不择手段的守财奴；a Sherlock Holmes 指有非凡才能的侦探或敏锐精明的人；a Cleopatra 指绝色美女；an Oliver Twist 指流浪街头的孩子。11.The allusion “to play one“s triumph cards“ is derived from _.（分数：1.00）A.sports B.historyC.religionD.literature解析：考点 本题主要考查英语
32、典故的来源。 to play one“s triumph cards意为“能达到预期目标的行为、言辞”。这个典故起源于扑克游戏，原意为“打出制胜的牌”。扑克游戏是一种体育运动。12.“Blue“ may connote _.（分数：1.00）A.jealousy and envyB.negative qualitiesC.purity and innocenceD.unhappy feelings 解析：考点 本题主要考查蓝色的联想意义。 英语中，蓝色常与不愉快的心情相关联。13.A simile is a direct _ between two or more unlike things,
33、 normally introduced by “like“ or “as“.（分数：1.00）A.meaningB.comparison C.linkD.way解析：考点 本题主要考查对明喻的了解。 明喻是两个或更多不同事物之间的直接比较，一般用 like或 as引导。14.“黑面包“ can be translated into “_“.（分数：1.00）A.brown bread B.dark breadC.black breadD.red bread解析：考点 本题主要考查英语中颜色词的翻译。 “黑面包”在英语中的对应词是 brown bread，而不是 black bread。15.
34、“Underprivileged“ is a euphemism for _.（分数：1.00）A.poor B.sickC.unemployedD.handicapped解析：考点 本题主要考查委婉语的用法。 poor的委婉语包括 needy，under-privileged，disadvantaged 等。16.“Congress passes tight budget.“ From the above example of a news headline, we can see that the most salient feature of the head- line is _.（分
35、数：1.00）A.repetitionB.concisionC.smoothnessD.omission 解析：考点 本题主要考赶英文新闻标题的特点。 英文新闻标题的突出特点是：省略和一般现在时的使用。Congress passes tight budget 省略了Congress前的 the和 tight前的 a。17.The man ran away when he saw the dog. The above sentence is connected _.（分数：1.00）A.hypotactically B.paratacticallyC.in a parallel wayD.unr
36、easonably解析：考点 本题主要考查句子的连接形式。 句子的形合关系(hypotactic relations)指句子中的各个成分通过连接词互相连接；意合关系(paratactic relations)指句子中的成分不依赖连接词，而是通过并列、标点符号和语音语调来连接。本题用了连接词 when，18.British English is spoken in _.（分数：1.00）A.Great BritainB.AustraliaC.New ZealandD.All of the above 解析：考点 本题主要考查对英语中地域方言的了解。 美国英语是英语的两种主要地域方言之一。另外一种
37、是英国、澳大利亚和新西兰所讲的英国英语。虽然澳洲人和新西兰人讲的英语也叫做澳大利亚英语和新西兰英语，但与英国人讲的英语很相似，所以也被看作英国英语的变体。19.English advertising is more _ than Chinese advertising.（分数：1.00）A.formalB.persuasiveC.colloquial D.colourful解析：考点 本题主要考查英语和汉语广告在文体上的差异。 讲英语的人鼓励人们使用普通人讲的语言去写作，而汉语注重书面语的正式程度。中国人和讲英语的人对口语和书面语的态度不同，因此，英语广告要比汉语广告更加口语化。20.Nonv
38、erbal communication is communication without _.（分数：1.00）A.actionB.gesturesC.eye contactD.words 解析：考点 主要考查对非语言交际的了解。 非语言交际是不用词语的交际。非语言交际(学)涉及的范围包括面部表情、触摸、时间、手势、气味、目视行为等研究。21.Affective meaning is communicated when _ are expressed directly or indirectly in language.（分数：1.00）A.communicative valuesB.atti
39、tudes C.feelings D.referential meanings解析：考点 本题主要考查对情感意义的了解。 当语言使用者通过语言表达其情感和态度时，语言就传递了情感意义。22.When receiving a gift, the English speakers normally say “_.“（分数：1.00）A.It“s very nice B.This is really what I want C.It must have cost you a lot. Thank you very muchD.How much is it? Thank you very much解析
40、：考点 本题主要考查对收到礼物时的应答。 当收到礼物时，讲英语的人总是当着送礼人的面打开礼物，然后说几句夸奖的话，如：It is very nice, This is really what I want等。23.“_“ can he said as a reply to thanks.（分数：1.00）A.You“re welcome B.It“s OK C.It“s my dutyD.It“s my pleasure 解析：考点 本题主要考查对致谢的应答。 英语中最常用的对感谢的应答语有 Not at all, Don“t mention it, You“re welcome, It“s
41、my pleasure，It“s OK 等。24.When most of English speaking people meet for the first time, they often say something like “_.“（分数：1.00）A.I“m pleased to meet you B.How is everythingC.It“s nice to meet you D.It“s nice to have met you解析：考点 本题主要考查讲英语的人初次见面时的用语。 大多数讲英语的人在第一次见面时经常说：I“m pleased to meet you 或 It
42、“s nice to meet/know you，而在分别时常说：It“s nice to have met you。How is everything 只是讲英语的人打招呼的一种方式。25.The allusion “a Damocles sword“ is derived from _.（分数：1.00）A.literatureB.religionC.mythology D.history解析：考点 本题主要考查英语典故的来源。 典故的来源有文学、神话、宗教、历史、体育运动。a Damocles sword(达摩克勒斯之剑)指即将来到的或始终存在的危险，原指古代塞拉丘斯暴君在宴会上用一根头
43、发悬挂于达摩克勒斯头顶的一把剑。这个典故来源于神话。26.In English culture “red“ is often associated with _.（分数：1.00）A.celebrations B.revolution C.communism D.blood shedding解析：考点 本题主要考查英语中红色的联想意义。 无论在讲英语的国家还是在中国，红色都常与庆祝和喜庆相联系。在英语和汉语中红色与情感有关。并且，在英语和汉语中，红色都与革命和共产主义有关。27.“_“ can be used as a euphemism to signify death.（分数：1.00）A
44、.CompleteB.Perish C.To be with one“s parentsD.To pay the debt of nature 解析：考点 本题主要考查英语委婉语的用法。 在口语交际中，人们普遍认为应该避免使用的一个词就是“死亡”。无论在英语还是汉语中，我们都可以找到许多用于替代“死亡”或“死去”的表达。perish, to pay the debt of nature 都是“死亡”的意思。28.The style one chooses for one“s speech depends on a number of factors, including the _.（分数：1
45、.00）A.interlocutors B.topic C.setting D.environment 解析：考点 本题主要考查文体选择所涉及的因素。 影响文体选择的因素包括谈话对象(the interlocutors)、谈话主题(the topic)、谈话场景或场合(the setting or environment)。谈话对象即谈话对象为何人，关系如何，在同等情况下，说话人关系愈密切，语言愈加随便；话题愈严肃，语言也愈正式；公共场合交谈比私下交谈时的语言更正式。29.American English differs from British English mainly in _.（分数：1.00）A.toneB.pronunciation C.grammarD.voca
