1、语言与文化自考题模拟 6及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.A ball game played by pitchers, batters, catchers and fielders is called _.（分数：1.00）A.rugbyB.poloC.baseballD.hockey2._ is the declaration issued (Jan. 1, 1863 ) by Lincoln abolishing slavery in the southern states of America.（分数：1.00）A.The Declaration of Inde
2、pendenceB.The Articles of ConfederationC.Homestead ActD.Emancipation Proclamation3.That language determines thought is the concept of linguistic determinism in the well known _.（分数：1.00）A.Key QuestionsB.the Thematic modelC.Seven FacetsD.Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis4.When the speaker or writer discusses ma
3、ny things indirectly related to the central idea of the text, he or she develops the text in a(n) _ fashion.（分数：1.00）A.linearB.spiralC.inductiveD.deductive5.In English body language, “stamping one“s foot“ signifies _.（分数：1.00）A.frustrationB.irritationC.impatienceD.anger6.Smiling when criticized woul
4、d be considered _ in American culture.（分数：1.00）A.improperB.politeC.friendlyD.frivolous7._ can function as an appropriate reply to an invitation.（分数：1.00）A.“Thank you very much. I“ll come if I“m free then.“B.“Thank you very much. But I can“t accept your invitation.“C.“That would be nice. Thank you.“D
5、.“Thank you, I“ll try to come.“8._ alludes to a meek person who submits to indignities and sufferings without any thought or act of rebelling.（分数：1.00）A.A Don JuanB.A CinderellaC.An Oliver TwistD.An Uncle Tom9._ means to say something in a joking way, to tease, fluster, or to deceive somebody tempor
6、arily.（分数：1.00）A.“To pull one“s leg“B.“To keep a straight face“C.“To make a cat laugh“D.“To ride one“s high horse“10.“_“ means “to understand the nature of one“s work, activities or studies and be competent in the performance of them“.（分数：1.00）A.To keep one“s own companyB.To know something like the
7、palm of one“s handC.To know one“s onionsD.To move heaven and earth to do something11.The English allusion “_“ means signature.（分数：1.00）A.HancockB.A NapoleonC.ChauvinismD.Waterloo12.“Michigan“ means “_“ in Indian language.（分数：1.00）A.a high mountainB.a long riverC.a large villageD.a great lake13.“That
8、“s a budding theory“ illustrates the metaphor that _.（分数：1.00）A.“ideas are people“B.“ideas are products“C.“ideas are plants“D.“ideas are resources“14.“_“ refers to a contest between two persons, enterprises, countries, etc. , in which the one that is much smaller and/or weaker wins out.（分数：1.00）A.A
9、JudasB.The old AdamC.A SolomonD.David and Goliath15.Many, though not all, swear words in English are related to _.（分数：1.00）A.ChristianityB.Greco-Roman mythologyC.sexismD.racism16._ can carry messages through space and time.（分数：1.00）A.WritingB.SpeechC.SyllableD.Morpheme17.He didn“t work. Instead, he
10、went to see a movie. The logical relationship between the above sentences is _.（分数：1.00）A.additiveB.adversativeC.causalD.temporal18.“私立学校“ is called _ in American English while _ in British English.（分数：1.00）A.grade school ;council schoolB.council school ;grade schoolC.public school ;private schoolD.
11、private school ;public school19.All the planets in solar system EXCEPT _ got their names from Greco-Roman mythology.（分数：1.00）A.EarthB.MarsC.JupiterD.Pluto20.Many scientific discoveries or inventions are named after their discoverers or inventors. Which of the following terms is a technical term that
12、 is derived from personal name?（分数：1.00）A.Mercury.B.Watt.C.Jupiter.D.Atom.21.Culture in its broad sense is also called _.（分数：1.00）A.small c cultureB.anthropological cultureC.large C cultureD.academic culture22.In the following terms of address ,which are considered as appropriate forms in English cu
13、lture?（分数：1.00）A.Teacher Jones.B.Professor Smith.C.President Wang.D.Uncle Tom.23.Janet Merrill Hobart is your colleague who is married. You can call her _.（分数：1.00）A.JanetB.Miss HobartC.HobartD.Mrs. Hobart24.“To go to the lavatory“ may be _.（分数：1.00）A.to wash one“s handsB.to powder one“s noseC.to fr
14、esh upD.to relieve oneself25.“Purple“ in English culture is often associated with _.（分数：1.00）A.high rank or stationB.low rank or stationC.imperial or royal rankD.something best26.In English ,we can use such euphemisms as _ for “die“.（分数：1.00）A.“go“B.“depart“C.“go to a better world“D.“go the way of a
15、ll flesh“27.God, as an interjection, can be used to express _.（分数：1.00）A.satisfactionB.impatienceC.doubtD.hesitation28.Much of the _ information is conveyed by eye behaviours.（分数：1.00）A.factualB.attitudinalC.emotionalD.cultural29._ serve the function of substitution.（分数：1.00）A.Saying louder than usu
16、al to emphasize a verbal messageB.Pausing before saying something importantC.Waving goodbyeD.Beckoning another person to come30.Touch falls into different categories, including _.（分数：1.00）A.socio-polite touchB.love-intimacy touchC.sexual arousal touchD.friendship-warmth touch31.People have to speak
17、a language according to its 1. （分数：2.00）32.The major theme of English culture is 1. In contrast, the central theme of traditional Chinese culture is collectivism or environmentalism. （分数：2.00）33.The passive 1 is usually represented in English by the typical passive structure. （分数：2.00）34.The Chinese
18、 meaning of the English name “ 1“ is “人类的保护者“. （分数：2.00）35.The English expression “ 1“ corresponds to “昙花一现“ in Chinese. （分数：2.00）36. 1 is a lie that does no harm and is merely more convenient or polite than telling the truth. （分数：2.00）37.North Americans feel more comfortable when communicating at g
19、reater distance. So American culture is often referred to as 1. （分数：2.00）38. 1 is the female monarch of the U.K. today. （分数：2.00）39.The study of the ways human beings use and communicate with 1 is referred to as proxemics. （分数：2.00）40.The U.S.A. is often cited as an example of the 1 oriented society
20、 as far as psychological time orientation is concerned. （分数：2.00）41.How would you explain the statement that language is used for communication? （分数：3.00）_42.How do speakers of English view dogs? （分数：3.00）_43.How do you define “deductive argumentation“? （分数：3.00）_44.What does “a Solomon“ allude to?
21、（分数：3.00）_45.Strike while the iron is hot. （分数：3.00）_46.pink elephants （分数：3.00）_47.He shook his head with an appreciative chuckle. （分数：3.00）_48.很冷。 （分数：3.00）_49.蝼蚁之穴能溃千里之堤。 （分数：3.00）_50.这本书很有意思，你想看吗? （分数：3.00）_51.Why are branching sentence patterns preferred in English? （分数：10.00）_52.What are the f
22、ive categories of touching behaviours? （分数：10.00）_语言与文化自考题模拟 6答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.A ball game played by pitchers, batters, catchers and fielders is called _.（分数：1.00）A.rugbyB.poloC.baseball D.hockey解析：考点 本题主要考查反映英语国家体育运动的词汇。 垒球(baseball)在美国和澳大利亚都很流行。比赛两支队各 9名运动员，一场分 9局。投手(pitcher)在内场的中心把球投在本
23、垒上的击球手(batter)，击球手用大约 1米长的垒球棒去击球，捕手(catcher)站在击球手的旁边。外场手(fielder)保卫着其他三个垒，其余的外场手有策略地站在外场。比赛的目标是通过击球得到“跑垒”的机会以至跑完内场得分。垒球用到了投手、击球手、捕手和外场手。2._ is the declaration issued (Jan. 1, 1863 ) by Lincoln abolishing slavery in the southern states of America.（分数：1.00）A.The Declaration of IndependenceB.The Articl
24、es of ConfederationC.Homestead ActD.Emancipation Proclamation 解析：考点 本题主要考查反映英语国家历史的词汇。 解放宣言(Emancipation Proclamation)是林肯总统在 1863年 1月 1日签发的宣言，该宣言宣布废除了美国南部各州的奴隶制。因此，D 项符合题意。3.That language determines thought is the concept of linguistic determinism in the well known _.（分数：1.00）A.Key QuestionsB.the Th
25、ematic modelC.Seven FacetsD.Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis 解析：考点 本题主要考查语言与思维的关系。 爱德华萨匹尔和本杰明李沃尔夫认为语言决定思维。这就是著名的萨匹尔沃尔夫假设(Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis)中的语言决定论。虽然这个假设的支持者不多，但语言影响着思维是大家所承认的。4.When the speaker or writer discusses many things indirectly related to the central idea of the text, he or she develops the tex
26、t in a(n) _ fashion.（分数：1.00）A.linearB.spiral C.inductiveD.deductive解析：考点 本题主要考查语篇的发展模式。 直线型(linear)发展模式采用直接的写作方式，而螺旋型(spiral)发展模式采用间接的写作方式。5.In English body language, “stamping one“s foot“ signifies _.（分数：1.00）A.frustrationB.irritationC.impatience D.anger解析：考点 本题主要考查对标志类手势的理解。 标志类手势可以完全代替词语。标志类手势有跨
27、文化差异。“跺脚(stamping one“s foot)”在英语文化中表示不耐烦，而在汉语文化中则表示生气、恼火、挫折感或自责。6.Smiling when criticized would be considered _ in American culture.（分数：1.00）A.improper B.politeC.friendlyD.frivolous解析：考点 本题主要考查日常生活中的文化差异。 在美国文化中，被人批评时还保持微笑是不合礼仪的。7._ can function as an appropriate reply to an invitation.（分数：1.00）A.“
28、Thank you very much. I“ll come if I“m free then.“B.“Thank you very much. But I can“t accept your invitation.“C.“That would be nice. Thank you.“ D.“Thank you, I“ll try to come.“解析：考点 主要考查对邀请的应答。 英语国家中，对于接到的邀请，被邀请的人一般应做出明确的回答。如果被邀请者不能对邀请做出明确的肯定或否定答复，邀请者也期待他们能提供给出明确答复的时间。如果被邀请者接受邀请，他可以说“That would be n
29、ice. Thank you.”8._ alludes to a meek person who submits to indignities and sufferings without any thought or act of rebelling.（分数：1.00）A.A Don JuanB.A CinderellaC.An Oliver TwistD.An Uncle Tom 解析：考点 主要考查英语中的典故。 An Uncle Tom(汤姆大叔)：逆来顺受，没有任何反抗思想和行动的人。9._ means to say something in a joking way, to tea
30、se, fluster, or to deceive somebody temporarily.（分数：1.00）A.“To pull one“s leg“ B.“To keep a straight face“C.“To make a cat laugh“D.“To ride one“s high horse“解析：考点 主要考查英语中成语的意思。 to pull one“s leg意为“开玩笑地说，戏弄，或暂时地欺骗某人”；to keep a straight face 意为“憋住笑或不露笑容，即使感觉到好笑、疑虑、不信任等，也不表示出来”；to make a cat laugh 意为“特
31、别好笑，不协调”；to ride one“s high horse 意为“趾高气扬的，骄傲的，自豪的”。10.“_“ means “to understand the nature of one“s work, activities or studies and be competent in the performance of them“.（分数：1.00）A.To keep one“s own companyB.To know something like the palm of one“s handC.To know one“s onions D.To move heaven and
32、earth to do something解析：考点 本题主要考查对英语成语的了解。 to know one“s onions的意思是“理解自己的工作、活动和研究的本质，并且能够胜任它”。11.The English allusion “_“ means signature.（分数：1.00）A.Hancock B.A NapoleonC.ChauvinismD.Waterloo解析：考点 本题主要考查对英语历史典故的理解。 Hancock(汉考克)指签字，源于美国第一位在独立宣言上签名的政治家约翰汉考克。12.“Michigan“ means “_“ in Indian language.（
33、分数：1.00）A.a high mountainB.a long riverC.a large villageD.a great lake 解析：考点 本题主要考查美国英语和英国英语在词汇上的区别。 美国英语中有些词汇在英国英语中很少使用。这些词主要指北美的地理特征和美国人民的生活方式。很多北美独有的植物、动物名称是外来语。Michigan 借自印第安语，意为“大湖”。13.“That“s a budding theory“ illustrates the metaphor that _.（分数：1.00）A.“ideas are people“B.“ideas are products“C
34、.“ideas are plants“ D.“ideas are resources“解析：考点 主要考查有关“观念(ideas)”的隐喻。 在 That“s a budding theory(那是含苞欲放的理论)中，观念被暗喻成了植物(plants)。14.“_“ refers to a contest between two persons, enterprises, countries, etc. , in which the one that is much smaller and/or weaker wins out.（分数：1.00）A.A JudasB.The old AdamC
35、.A SolomonD.David and Goliath 解析：考点 本题主要考查英语宗教典故。 在英语国家里基督教是主要的宗教，所以英语里有许多典故来自圣经。a Judas(犹大)指叛徒；the old Adam(老亚当)指人类本性中不好的方面，容易做坏事、错事；a Solomon(所罗门)，指非常睿智的人；David and Goliath(大卫和哥利亚)，指两个人、企业或国家等之间的竞争而最终以弱小的一方获胜。15.Many, though not all, swear words in English are related to _.（分数：1.00）A.Christianity
36、B.Greco-Roman mythologyC.sexismD.racism解析：考点 主要考查对英语诅咒语的了解。 许多英语诅咒语都与基督教中的名字或词语有关。这一现象是自然的，因为 swear本身的意思就是“以神灵的名字诅咒”。另外，英语中的诅咒语一般是固定的词组。16._ can carry messages through space and time.（分数：1.00）A.Writing B.SpeechC.SyllableD.Morpheme解析：考点 本题主要考查书面语的重要作用。 书面语可以穿越时空的界限来传播信息，比如我们可以通过保存下来的古代的文字来了解当时的社会经济状况
37、，但是当时的口语却不能保存下来，而只能借助于当时的书面语来研究当时的口语。选项 C和 D分别是音节和词素。不符合题意。17.He didn“t work. Instead, he went to see a movie. The logical relationship between the above sentences is _.（分数：1.00）A.additiveB.adversative C.causalD.temporal解析：考点 主要考查毗邻的两个句子之间的关系。 题干中的句子间是转折关系，表示转折的词 instead引出了出人意料的信息。18.“私立学校“ is calle
38、d _ in American English while _ in British English.（分数：1.00）A.grade school ;council schoolB.council school ;grade schoolC.public school ;private schoolD.private school ;public school 解析：考点 本题主要考查美国英语和英国英语在词汇上的差异。 两种方言的拼写不同，主要是由于所采纳的拼写改革原则不同。英国英语是拼写和读音不相对应的语言。字母或字母组合在不同的单词中发音不同。相反，美国人对发音和拼写不吻合的外来词则改变
39、其拼写。与“私立学校”对应的美国英语是 private school，与其对应的英国英语是 public school。19.All the planets in solar system EXCEPT _ got their names from Greco-Roman mythology.（分数：1.00）A.Earth B.MarsC.JupiterD.Pluto解析：考点 本题主要考查对科技术语的了解。 天文学中太阳系中行星的英文分别是 Mercury(水星)，Venus(金星)，Earth(地球)，Mars(火星)，Jupiter(木星)，Saturn(土星)，Uranus(天王星)
40、，Neptune(海王星)和 Pluto(冥王星)。其中除了 Earth外，其他行星的名字都源于希腊罗马神话。20.Many scientific discoveries or inventions are named after their discoverers or inventors. Which of the following terms is a technical term that is derived from personal name?（分数：1.00）A.Mercury.B.Watt. C.Jupiter.D.Atom.解析：考点 主要考查科技术语的来源。 许多科技术
41、语源于希腊文和拉丁文，英语中还有一些术语来自人名，许多科学发明常以发明者的姓名命名。如：Watt 是功率的单位，这个词来自 James Watt，他是位苏格兰工程师，他改进了蒸汽机。Mercury(水星)，Jupiter(木星)，atom(原子)起源于希腊文。21.Culture in its broad sense is also called _.（分数：1.00）A.small c cultureB.anthropological cultureC.large C culture D.academic culture 解析：考点 本题主要考查广义文化。 从广义上来讲，文化是人类的一切特征
42、。广义文化又被称作“大写 C文化(large C culture)”或“学术文化(academic culture)”。22.In the following terms of address ,which are considered as appropriate forms in English culture?（分数：1.00）A.Teacher Jones.B.Professor Smith. C.President Wang. D.Uncle Tom. 解析：考点 主要考查在称呼语中英语和汉语头衔词的差异。 英语名字前可加头衔，在称呼语中用作头衔的词较少。最常见的头衔有：Mr.，Mr
43、s.，Miss，Ms 等。英语中还有一些不大常用的头衔，例如：president，prime minister，governor，mayor，doctor，judge，lawyer，professor 等。在英语中，uncle 和 aunt常与被称呼者的名字一起使用，如 Uncle Tom，但像 Teacher Jones在英语中是不恰当的称呼。23.Janet Merrill Hobart is your colleague who is married. You can call her _.（分数：1.00）A.Janet B.Miss HobartC.HobartD.Mrs. Hoba
44、rt 解析：考点 本题主要考查英语文化中有关姓名的称呼语。 在英语中，头衔用在姓的前面。在正式场合要用头衔加上姓。在非正式场合，讲英语的人喜欢直呼其名。Mrs.指已婚妇女；Miss 指未婚妇女。因此，A、D 两项符合题意。24.“To go to the lavatory“ may be _.（分数：1.00）A.to wash one“s hands B.to powder one“s nose C.to fresh up D.to relieve oneself 解析：考点 本题主要考查对英语委婉语的了解。 英语中有许多表示“厕所(lavatory)”的委婉语，如：washroom，bat
45、hroom 等。to go to the lavatory(上厕所)的委婉语有 to wash one“s hands，to powder one“s nose，to fresh up(女士用语)或 to relieve oneself等。25.“Purple“ in English culture is often associated with _.（分数：1.00）A.high rank or station B.low rank or stationC.imperial or royal rank D.something best解析：考点 本题主要考查紫色的联想意义。 紫色常指社会地位高，特指皇家地位或权势。26.In English ,we can use such euphemisms as _
