1、英语阅读(二)自考题-9 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART ONE/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BPassage One/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Q. Theres a lot of talk about putting up manned orbital stations. What does this mean, concretely?A. It is very important to have scientific stations in space. A space telescope with
2、 a mirror slightly over six and a half feet in diameter will be placed in orbit, and there will be more and more of these. A few years ago, our group at Saclay, in collaboration with a number of other European Laboratories, orbited a telescope that revolutionized our knowledge of gamma ray emissions
3、 by celestial objects.Life aboard manned space stations wont be as exciting as we might suppose. It will probably be comparable to the life people lead aboard deep-sea oil rigs.Q. What scientific interest will these stations offer?A. Observation is much more precise beyond the atmosphere, because th
4、e sky is darker. You see many more stars and objects that are concealed by the earths luminescence.Q. What objects?A. We know pretty well how stars are born because we can observe them. Two or three new stars appear in our galaxy every year. But nearly all the galaxies were born at the same time, wh
5、en the universe was constituted 15 billion (light) years ago. No new ones are thought to exist.To observe the birth of a galaxy that happened so long ago, you have to see a very long way. At present we can go back 10 to 12 billion years. We have to go a bit farther back still, and maybe catch them i
6、n the act of birth. Distant objects are necessarily very dim, so ideal conditions are needed to observe them. Orbital stations provide such conditions.Q. Would orbital stations be choice places from which to try to communicate with extra-terrestrial intelligences?A. Not particularly through radio co
7、mmunication, except on certain wave lengths that are absorbed by the atmosphere. But as points of departure for exploration theyll be very useful.Q. How far would such exploration go?A. In 1989 the satellite Voyager will reach Neptune after a journey of three and a half years. In addition, five prob
8、es were sent to rendezvous with Halleys comet. So exploration of the solar system is more or less under way. Weve put people on the moon, sent probes to Mars and Venus, lofted satellites near the sun (within a few tens of millions of miles), and one satellite even left the solar system a few years a
9、go.But visiting the stars is something else again. Light takes four years to reach the nearest stars, so you can see that it would take a satellite hundreds of thousands of years.Of course, if the earth were to become overpopulated, we can imagine sending families in space vessels to colonize the ne
10、arest stars. But its their great-great-great-grand-children who would finally reach those stars. And they wouldnt even know where to stop.（分数：10.00）(1).The writer compares the life on a space station to the one on a deep-sea oil rig in order to show _. A. excitement in the wild B. dull environment C
11、. hard living conditions D. the sameness in operation（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Orbital stations provide an ideal condition to observe a galaxy because _. A. we are close to it in space B. we can go back 10 to 12 billion years C. a galaxy appears dimmer in that environment than on earth D. a galaxy appear
12、 brighter in that environment than on earth（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In Para. 7, the sentence “No new ones are thought to exist“ means _. A. nobody believes that there is any new galaxy to be found soon B. nobody believes that any new galaxy exists now C. people are wrong to believe that new galaxies wil
13、l appear D. people believe that the galaxies are very old now（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “exploration“ in the question “How far would such exploration go“ means _. A. finding new galaxies B. finding other intelligent life C. orbiting other telescope D. setting up new orbital station（分数：2.00）A.B.C.
14、D.(5).We may draw a conclusion from the last Paragraph that _. A. human habitation on other stars is a pure imagination B. even later generation wont know which star to land on C. reaching other stars by present technology is still unrealistic D. colonizing other stars is a solution to overpopulatio
15、n（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.四、BPassage Two/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The basic flag of the United States is one of the worlds oldest national flags. Only the basic flags of Austria, Denmark, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Switzerland are older. During the discovery and settlement of what is now the United
16、 States, the flags of various European nations were flown over the land, as symbols of possession. Later, in the Colonial and Revolutionary War periods, flags representing famous persons, places, and events were flown in the American Colonies.The first official flag of the United States was created
17、by Congress on June 14, 1777. It consisted of 13 alternate red and white stripes and 13 white stars in a field of blue, representing the 13 colonies that had declared their independence in 1776. Congress adopted a new flag of 15 stars and 15 stripes in 1795, to give representation to the two new sta
18、tes admitted into the Union, Vermont and Kentucky.By 1817, there were 20 states in the Union, and it became apparent that adding one stripe for each new state would destroy the shape of the flag. As a result, Congress in 1818 restored the original design of 13 stripes and provided that each state wa
19、s to be represented by one star. In 1912 President William H. Taft made the first official provision for the arrangement of the stars. He ordered that there be six even rows of eight stars each. Previously the arrangement of the stars had been left to the flag-makers fancy.The evolution of the Stars
20、 and Stripes reflects the growth of the United States. After the admission of Hawaii into the Union in 1959, the flag was officially changed for the 26th time since its creation.There are many government flags flown in the United States in addition to the national flag. Among them are the presidents
21、 and vice presidents flags and those of the federal departments and some federal agencies. Each state in the Union has an official flag. The United States Navy uses special flags for signaling.（分数：10.00）(1).The basic flag of the United States is _. A. the oldest national flag in the world B. one of
22、the worlds oldest flags C. the most beautiful flag in the West D. as old as the basic flags of some European nations（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Before the War of Independence, the flags of various European nations flown over the land were symbols of _. A. self-rule B. occupation C. peace and friendship D.
23、independence（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The first official flag of the United States was adopted _. A. before the Independence War B. right after the Independence War C. when independence was declared in 1776 D. during the War of Independence which ended in 1783（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following i
24、s true? _ A. All federal departments and agencies have flags of their own. B. The newly-admitted state of Hawaii does not have an official flag. C. No other flags than the national flag and the presidents flag are flown in the United States. D. The United States has a number of government flags.（分数：
25、2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).How many times was the flag of the United States been officially changed since its creation? _ A. 5 times. B. 50 times. C. 26 times. D. 27 times.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、BPassage Three(总题数：1，分数：10.00)A film was at the Circle Five Ranch to film a Marlboro advertisement. This was in 1868, b
26、efore they Uprohibited/U cigarette ads from American television. Darrle Winfield was watching the crew set up the equipment. The scene included an actor crossing a river on horseback, but when the time came to shoot, the man was too drunk to ride. Someone from the crews saw Winfield and asked him if
27、 he would ride the horse for $50. “Well,“ said Win-field, “for 50 bucks, Ill jump that damn horse over the moon!“To people in many countries, Winfield is just a familiar but nameless face, a simple cow-boy with an advertising message about a connection between the West and a brand of cigarettes. Few
28、 people know that he is 55, a family man whos been married to the same woman for 37 years and has 5 children and 7 grandchildren. Most surprisingly, hes a real working cowboy who raises horses in his ranch in Wyoming.One of the more striking things about the Marlboro Man is that the success hasnt ch
29、anged him much.He says that complete strangers sometimes come up to him and say, “Ive met you. I know you from somewhere.“ Whenever it happens, he says that he gets embarrassed.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the word “prohibited“ in the first paragraph mean? _ A. broadcast. B. forbade. C. produced. D. prov
30、ided.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following statements is true? _ A. Cigarette ads were prohibited in America. B. Cigarette ads are prohibited on television in America. C. Marlboro advertisement was produced on television. D. Marlboro advertisement was prohibited on television.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.
31、(3).When they filmed the ad, _. A. the actor in the ad was too drunk. B. Winfield was too drunk. C. Winfield was setting up the equipment. D. Winfield was riding a horse.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).From the passage, we know that Winfield was _. A. an ordinary man B. a superstar C. an actor D. a rich man（分数
32、：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).When people recognized Winfield, he felt _. A. excited B. happy C. interested D. uncomfortable（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、BPassage Four/(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The temperature of the Sun is over 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit at the surface, but it rises to perhaps more than 16 million degrees at the cen
33、ter. The Sun is so much hotter than the Earth that matter can exist only as a gas, except at the core. In the core of the Sun, the pressures are so great against the gases that, despite the high temperature, there may be a small solid core. However, no one really knows, since the center of the Sun c
34、an never be directly observed.Solar astronomers do know that the Sun is divided into five layers or zones. Starting at the outside and going down into the Sun, the zones are the corona, chromospheres, photo-sphere, convection zone, and finally the core. The first three zones are regarded as the Suns
35、 atmosphere. But since the Sun has no solid surface, it is hard to tell where the atmosphere ends and the main body of the Sun begins.The Suns outermost layer begins about 10,000 miles above the visible surface and goes outward for millions of miles. This is the only part of the Sun that can be seen
36、 during an eclipse such as the one in February 1979. At any other time, the corona can be seen only when special instruments are used on cameras and telescopes to keep out the glare of the Suns rays.The corona is a brilliant, pearly white, filmy light, about as bright as the full Moon. Its beautiful
37、 rays are a sensational sight during an eclipse. The coronas rays flash out in a brilliant fan that has wispy spike-like rays near the Suns north and south poles. The corona is thickest at the Suns equator.The corona rays are made up of gases streaming outward at tremendous speeds and reaching a tem
38、perature of more that 2 million degrees Fahrenheit. The rays of gas thin out as they reach the space around the planets. By the time the Suns corona rays reach the Earth, they are weak and invisible.（分数：10.00）(1).The temperature of the Sun at the center is _. A. over 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit B. more
39、 than 5,000 degrees Centigrade C. over 16,000,000 degrees Fahrenheit D. more than 16,000,000 degrees Centigrade（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).One thing that is sure about the core of the Sun is that _. A. it is gas B. it is solid C. the temperature is low D. the pressure is great（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The coron
40、a can be seen _. A. only in an eclipse B. with naked eyes C. with any cameras or telescopes D. with cameras equipped with special instruments（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which is not true about the corona? _ A. It is the outmost layer of the Sun. B. It is very bright as the full Moon. C. It is as white as p
41、earl. D. It is the thinnest at the Suns equator.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the passage, as the corona rays reach the planets, they become _. A. hotter B. cleaner C. thinner D. stronger（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、BPassage Five/(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something
42、to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand-he wants to teach them and he wants them to learn from him.What visual artists, like painters, want to teach is easy to make out but diffic
43、ult to ex- plain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never
44、 have noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artistMost artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in motion and repose (静止). Their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at a
45、nd, that they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary (当代的) artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects.If one painter chooses to pai
46、nt an injured leg and another a lake in moonlight, each of them is directing our attention to a certain aspect of the world. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something, emphasizing somethingall of which means that, consciously or unconsciously he is trying to teach us.（分数：10.00）(1).W
47、ithout the artists work, the public might not _. A. notice particular shapes or colors B. see the shapes and colors that express their experiences C. feel his delight in shapes and colors D. all of the above（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).An artists choice of shapes and colors indicates that he believes them t
48、o be _. A. calm B. moving C. delightful D. worth looking at（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Contemporary artists often think their choice of subject that _. A. carries no message to the public B. provides an interesting pattern C. has no pattern or form D. teaches the public important truths（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The writer says that contemporary art contains. _ A. nothing meaningful B. uninteresting aspects of the world C. subjects chosen partly for their meaning D. completely meaningless subjects（分数：2.00）A.B.
