1、英语阅读(二)自考题-16 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART ONE/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BPassage One/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Some students seem to have their own methods to learn English. They can pick up new words, master rules of grammar, and learn to write in English more quickly than others. They dont
2、 seem to be any more clever, so what makes English learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful English learners we may discover a few of the learning skills which make English learning easier for them.First of all, successful English learners are independent
3、 learners. Learning is a very personal matter. There isnt one study skill that works for every student in every situation. Successful English learners learn what they know, what they dont know, and what to do about it. They dont depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn
4、 English. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes.Successful English learning is
5、 active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use English; they look for chance. They find people who speak English and ask these people to correct them when they make mistakes. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or say
6、strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in English than to know the meaning of every word.Finally, successful English learners are lear
7、ners with a purpose. They want to learn English because they are interested in English and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn English in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using English regularly because they want to l
8、earn more with it.What kind of English learner are you? If you are a successful English learner, you properly have been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your English learning has been less than successful, you might do well to try some of the skills outlined
9、above.（分数：10.00）(1).Some students learn English more successfully than others because they learn _. A. independently B. actively C. purposefully D. all of the above（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does an independent English learner do? _ A. He tries to find the patterns and the rules for himself. B. He of
10、ten waits for the teacher to explain. C. He always corrects every mistake he has made. D. He never guesses wrong.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3)._ is the most important for active English learners. A. Learning to think in English which they are learning B. Knowing the meaning of every word which they are readi
11、ng C. Understanding information that is inexact or incomplete D. Repeating what they hear and correcting mistakes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).For what purpose do some students learn English successfully? _ A. They want to go abroad. B. They want to be more successful than others. C. They want to communicate
12、 with English speaking people. D. They want to write English better than others.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The purpose of the writer is to _. A. show that some students are born good at learning English B. explain why some students find it easy to practice using English C. introduce some skills that make
13、English learning easier D. help the reader find out what kind of English learner he is（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.四、BPassage Two/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Fill in company forms can become a boring and repetitive task, yet any carelessness on an applicant part can draw a negative reaction from readers. Each company or o
14、rganization usually uses its own specially designed form that, although it generally asks for the same basic information, many vary in detail. Consequently, the suggestions below apply mainly to the approach you should take rather than suggest what you should write. When visiting future employers, a
15、lways carry your personal data record with you so that you can readily search for details such as dates, telephone numbers, and other useful in-formation. Treat every application form as though it is the first one you are completingwrite carefully and neatly. Use words that describe the responsibili
16、ty and different aspects of each job you have held rather than list only the duties you performed. Particularly describe social activities that show your involvement in the community, or activities in which you held a teaching or coaching role. Pay particular attention if there is a section on the f
17、orm that asks you to comment on how your education and past experience have especially prepared you for the position.Think this through very carefully before you write so that what you say shows a natural progression from past experience to the job you are applying for. If you can, and if they fit n
18、aturally, add a few words to demonstrate how the position fits your overall career plan.（分数：10.00）(1).The first sentence of the passage implies that _. A. you may have to fill in long application form B. the filling up of an application form takes much time C. one may have to fill in many applicatio
19、n forms before one gets a job D. application forms are usually difficult to read and require good skills to fill in（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Although all application forms demand the same basic information, _. A. different companies may have different requirements B. different companies may take differen
20、t attitudes toward them C. application may be required to answer all the questions in detail D. applicants may have to send in the forms by person（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following statements is true? _ A. Your personal data record is more important than the interview. B. You should put in
21、your personal data in the application form as completely as possible. C. Your personal data record will be much help to your interview. D. You should write your personal data as clearly and neatly as possible.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).When writing about the duties you have been engaged in, you should _.
22、A. put clown the names of your colleagues B. describe the nature of the duties C. relate them to other major duties D. describe what responsible positions you had（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? _ A. Importance of Application Forms. B. How to Fill i
23、n an Application Form. C. Job and Its Application. D. Nature of Application Forms.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、BPassage Three(总题数：1，分数：10.00)There is no creature that does not need sleep or complete rest every day. If you want to know why, just try going without sleep for a long period of time. You will disco
24、ver that your mind and body would become too tired to work properly. You would become irritable and find it hard to think clearly or concentrate on your work. So sleep is quite simply the time when the cells of your body recover from the work of the day and build up supplies of energy for the next p
25、eriod of activity.One of the things we all know about sleep is that we are unconscious in sleep. We do not know what is going on around us. But that doesnt mean the body stops all activity. The important organs continue to work during sleep, but most of the body functions are slowed down.For example
26、, our breathing becomes slower and deeper. The heart beats more slowly, and the blood pressure is lower. Our arms and legs become limp (柔软的) and muscles are at rest. It would be impossible for our body to relax to such an extent if we were awake. So sleep does for us what the most quiet rest can not
27、 do.Your body temperature becomes lower when you are asleep, which is the reason people go to sleep under some kind of covers. And even though you are unconscious, many of your reflexes (习惯性思维) still work. For instance, if someone tickles (使觉得痒) your foot, you will put it away in your sleep, or even
28、 brush a fly from your forehead. You do these things without knowing it.（分数：10.00）(1).If you dont have as much sleep as your body needs, you will _. A. work properly B. think clearly C. keep your attention on your work D. easily get angry（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The cells of your body develop supplies o
29、f energy _. A. when you are asleep B. when you recover from your work of the day C. in the next period of activity D. when you are quiet（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In the clause “. that we are unconscious in sleep,“ the word “unconscious“ means _. A. untiring B. unmoved C. quiet D. not knowing what is happ
30、ening around（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Sleep helps your body to relax to such an extent _. A. that any rest can reach B. that no rest can have the same effect C. that you will never need any rest D. that you will need the most quiet rest（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).When you are sleeping, _. A. all of you reflexes
31、 stop working B. most of your reflexes stop working C. many of your reflexes still work D. all of your reflexes still work（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、BPART TWO/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Directions: Scan the following passage and find the words which have roughly the same meanings as those given belo
32、w. The number in the brackets after each word definition refers to the number of paragraph in which the target word is. Write the word you choose on the Answer Sheet.Of all the sports that America has to offer, baseball is considered the pastime of this country. Americans did not always regard baseb
33、all and other sports in such a benign manner. Rather, sports during the early colonial times were seen as pagan and devilish thing to do. Many elite and wealthy gentry who embodied the Victorian ideals regarded any type of games or sports as ill vices. It was the common people who directly related s
34、ports to their religion. On days of religious celebration, early Americans joined together to play games. These folk games were unstructured and unruly; however, the unity that these games brought, created a need for professional sporting games. Folk games provided the foundation of sports. They cre
35、ated a sense of companionship and unison among individuals. These unorganized folk games created the threshold for organized sports and led to the trans-formation of the players roles and the role of the audience. Amateurs became professional athletes, and the game an organized business. The game of
36、 baseball evolved from the English game of cricket and rounders. It was not until the time of the Civil War that baseball began to be played frequently.However with the transformation of the nation, society and technology, folk games too began to evolve into spectator sports. After the Civil War, ba
37、seball became a popular sport and no longer an archaic folk games. Structure and organization were introduced gradually into the game and increased public participation. The sport at first excluded the public, but as economic interests infiltrated the game, the need for audiences and spectators aros
38、e. The audience of baseball was instrumental in the transformation of baseball. The battling leagues and team rivalries created a sector for the American public to participate in baseball.（分数：20.00）(1).something that you enjoy doing when not working (Para. 1)（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).favorable or pleasant
39、 (Para. 1)（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).the leaders and professionals in the highest levels of a society (Para. 1)（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).difficult to control or manage (Para. 1)（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).the start of a new development (Para. 1)（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).a person who is watching a sports event (Para. 2)（分数：2.0
40、0）填空项 1:_(7).to keep out something or someone (Para. 2)（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).to join or enter for a purpose (Para. 2)（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).competition or fighting between people (Para. 2)（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).to get involved in an activity (Para. 2)（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_八、B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Directions: In this s
41、ection of the test, there are ten paragraphs. Each of the paragraph is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word on your Answer Sheet.Paragraph OneWhen Tom felt out of sorts, he would rave and stamp, or sin
42、k into suicidal gloom and talk darkly of going to the East to end his days as Buddhist monk. Ten minutes later, when something pleased him, he would rush out of doors and run around the garden, or jump up and down on the sofa.1. Tom had some emotional p _.Paragraph TwoYale embarked on a steady expan
43、sion, establishing the Medical Institution (1810), Divinity School (1822), Law School (1843), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (1847), the School of Fine Arts (1869), and School of Music (1894). In 1887 Yale College became Yale University. It continued to add to its academic offerings with the S
44、chool of Forestry Environmental Studies (1900), School of Nursing (1923), School of Drama (1955), School of Architecture (1972), and School of Management (1974).2. The e _ of Yale.Paragraph ThreeEvery culture has specific rules of courtesy and certain words for special situation. What are considered
45、 polite manners in one culture might be terribly rude in another.3. Using language p _ within its culture.Paragraph FourHigh salaries in the electricity, telecommunications and other monopoly industries have drawn strong criticism in China, where the Gini coefficient, now stands at 0.46, exceeding t
46、he internationally recognized alarm level of 0.45. So China is considering cutting wages in monopoly industries to reduce the countrys widening income gap. A draft directive document has been worked out for this purpose.4. The need to n _ the income gap.Paragraph FiveLiving in the city, people can p
47、articipate in the political and cultural activities and see the latest films. There are good schools for children to study in the city. And there are big department stores for residents to buy a great variety of goods produced in every part of the world.5. Its good to L _ in the city.Paragraph SixHi
48、s audience is surprised to hear that only 22 percent of eighth graders read for fun daily, while 65 percent watch three hours or more of television each day. Research also indicates that average reading proficiency drops when TV viewing reaches about three hours a day. Their parents habits are no better: a recent survey shows a decline in newspaper readership among U. S. adults.6. I _ of television to reading.Paragraph SevenConsumers of
