1、英语阅读(一)自考题-26 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第一部分 选择题/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)“We mustnt delay any longer, swallowing is difficult, and breathing, thats also difficult. Those muscles are weakening too.we mustnt delay any longer.“These were the words of Dutchman Cees Van Wendel de Joode ask
2、ing his doctor to help him die. Affected with a serious disease, Van Wendel was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating.Van Wendels last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor
3、were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands. The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationwide debate on the subject.The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia, although it is not technically l
4、egal there. However, doctors who carry out euthanasia under strict guidelines introduced by the Dutch Parliament two years ago are usually not prosecuted. The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering, that there is no chance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeat
5、ed requests for euthanasia. In addition to this, a second doctor, must confirm that these criteria have been met and the death must be reported to the police department.Should doctors be allowed to take the lives of others? Dr. Wilfred Van Oijen, Cees Van Wendels doctor, explains how he looks at the
6、 question:“Well, its not as if Im planning to murder a crowd of people with a machine gun. In that case, killing is the worst thing I can imagine. But thats entirely different from my work as a doctor. I care for people and I try to ensure that they dont suffer too much. Thats a very different thing
7、.“Many people, though, are totally against the practice of euthanasia. Dr. Andrew Ferguson, Chairman of the Organisation Healthcare Opposed to Euthanasia, says that “in the vast majority of euthanasia cases, what the patient is actually asking for is something else. They may want a health profession
8、al to open up communication for them with their loved ones or family theres nearly always another question behind the question.“Britain also has a strong tradition of hospices-special hospitals which care only for the dying and their special needs. Cicely Saunders, President of the National Hospice
9、Council and a founder member of the hospice movement, argues that euthanasia doesnt take into account that there are ways of caring for the dying. She is also concerned that allowing euthanasia would undermine the need for care and consideration of a wide range of people; “Its very easy in society n
10、ow for the elderly, the disabled and the dependent to feel that they are burdens, and therefore that they ought to opt out. I think that anything that legally allows the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable.“Many find this prohibition of an individuals right to die paternalistic
11、. Although they agree that life is important and should be respected, they feel that the quality of life should not be ignored. Dr. van Oijen believes that people have the fundamental right to choose for themselves if they want to die: “What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that
12、dying people havent the right. And that when people are very ill, we are all afraid of their death. But there are situations where death is a friend. And in those cases, why not?“But “why not?“ is a question which might cause strong emotion. The film showing Cees van Wendels death was both moving an
13、d sensitive. His doctor was clearly a family friend; his wife had only her husbands interests at heart. Some, however, would argue that it would be dangerous to use this particular example to support the case for euthanasia. Not all patients would receive such a high level of individual care and att
14、ention.（分数：10.00）(1).What does euthanasia mean? A. A way of killing oneself. B. A way of ending a patients life naturally. C. The painless killing of people who are incurably ill or very old. D. A murder by the doctor.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How many countries in Europe permit euthanasia? A. All countr
15、ies except Holland. B. Only two. C. None. D. Only one.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).When euthanasia is carried out in the Netherlands, the doctor _. A. can do it according to his own experience B. should follow the guidelines presented by the Parliament C. can do it according to patients requests D. can adop
16、t the advice of the patients family members（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Who is against euthanasia? A. Dr. Wilfred van Oijen. B. Dr. Andrew Ferguson. C. Cicely Saunders. D. Both B and C.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to those who oppose euthanasia, Cees van Wendels case _. A. is a good example B. is a very v
17、aluable example C. is an exceptional example D. is a convincing example（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第二部分 非选择题/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)English is now the international language for airline pilots, scientists, medical experts, businessmen and many others. Consequently, more and more people are learn
18、ing it. The BBCs English teaching programs are broadcast daily to four continents U U 1 /U /U. Films and video are on the air or used in institutions in over 100 countries. All this helps to add more speakers to the estimated 100 million U U 2 /U /U. The rush to learn English has reached even China.
19、 The main reason for the upsurge (上升) in interest is U U 3 /U /U.Unlike many other widely used languages, English can be correctly used in a very simple form with less than one thousand words and U U 4 /U /U. This was pointed out in the 1920s by two Cambridge scholars, Ogden and Richards, U U 5 /U /
20、U. Another reason for the popularity of English is that English-speaking countries are spread throughout the world. An estimated 310 million people in Britain, the U.S.A., Canada, Australia, South Africa, etc. U U 6 /U /U. Also in former British colonial areas in Africa and Asia U U 7 /U /U, no comm
21、on language has been found which would make a suitable substitute for English.In Delhi, although nationalists would prefer to phase out (逐步停止) the use of English, the man from South India finds English more acceptable than Hindi, U U 8 /U /U. Turning from India to Africa, a similar problem exists. H
22、owever reluctant African nations are to use English and, as it were, subject themselves to a kind of “cultural imperialism“, there seems to be no alternative language which will do the job of communication effectively.The view U U 9 /U /U. Some teachers who have returned from overseas consider it cr
23、eates a wider gap between those who are educated U U 10 /U /U. Nevertheless, in many parts of the world, the technical and scientific knowledge needed to develop a countrys-resources and improve peoples living conditions, is just not available in the mother tongue. A second language opens the door t
24、o the world-wide sharing of skills and discoveries in science, engineering and medicine.A. and supplied to radio stations in 120 countriesB. very few grammatical rulesC. who use English as a second languageD. recent increase in Chinas contacts with the outside worldE. use English as their mother ton
25、gueF. who devised a system called “Basic English“G. while the northerner prefers English to any of the southern languagesH. where many local languages are spokenI. that spreading the use of English is entirely beneficial has its opponentsJ. English in one form or another will be spoken by far more p
26、eopleK. and those who have little or no educationL. it will doubtless continue to change and develop（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、B(总题数：13，分数：25.00)1.(simple) With their increasing power and versatility, computers 1 day-to-day life.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_
27、2.(remarkable) In recent years the Chinese labour market has been 1 successful in absorbing the increase in the number of graduates.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_3.(memory) They listen to stories, 1 nursery rhymes, read picture books and gain other experiences that prepare them to read.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_4.(familiar
28、) The goal of the experiment was to 1 the people with the new laws.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_5.(constancy) Weve kept up a fairly 1 speed.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_6.(grow) A steady 1 in the popularity of two smaller parties may upset the polls in this region.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_7.(accept) There was a general 1 that the def
29、ense budget would shrink.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_8.(rich) Overseas students from a wide range of countries provide the opportunity to exchange ideas and experiences, and 1 the intellectual and social life of the school.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_9.(essence) Later a knowledge of Latin seemed to be not so 1.（分数：2.00）填空项
30、 1:_10.(profit) Revising the procedure is entirely 1 exercise. Wed better give it up.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.(simple) The computer has 1 the difficult task of teaching reading to the deaf.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_12.(observe) Journalists are trained to be 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_13.(sound) The man slept well and 1, for
31、 he had run about a great deal during the day.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_六、B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)through know educate take hold with of Latin proportionatescholar claim international spoken requireFor about a thousand yearsfrom about the fifth century U U 1 /U /Uthe fifteenthLatin was the second language of educate
32、d people all over Europe and all U U 2 /U /Uworks were written in Latin. For, before the invention of the printing press, reading and writing were skills U U 3 /U /Uonly to scholars. Most of the scholars were priests and clergymen, and Latin was the language of the church. Latin was a subject U U 4
33、/U /Uin schools and in colleges, and all U U 5 /U /Upeople had some familiarity U U 6 /U /Uit.The number of people who study Latin has not grown smaller, but U U 7 /U /Uit has become very much smaller. As ordinary people all over the world began to be able to read and write their own languages, and
34、as scientific work of the sixteenth and later centuries came more and more to be written in living languages, a knowledge of Latin was not so essential. Thus, although Latin might once have been U U 8 /U /Uas the most suitable of possible international languages (at least for Europeans), this time h
35、as definitely passed.The earliest attempts to invent a simplified language for U U 9 /U /Uuse came in the seventeenth century, but it was not until the late nineteenth century that any sizable group of people did actually attempt to speak and write an artificial language. Esperanto, Which was publis
36、hed in 1887, was the first language really to U U 10 /U /U. At one time or another, as many as eight million people have learned Esperanto. It has been taught in a great many schools and colleges in Europe, and the study of Esperanto was even made compulsory in some high schools in Germany.（分数：20.00
37、）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)“We mustnt delay any longer, swallowing is difficult, and breathing, thats also difficult. Those muscles are weakening too.we mustnt delay any longer.“These were the words of Dutchman Cees Van Wendel de Joode a
38、sking his doctor to help him die. Affected with a serious disease, Van Wendel was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating.Van Wendels last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his docto
39、r were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands. The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationwide debate on the subject.The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia, although it is not technically
40、 legal there. However, doctors who carry out euthanasia under strict guidelines introduced by the Dutch Parliament two years ago are usually not prosecuted. The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering, that there is no chance of a cure, and that the patient has made repe
41、ated requests for euthanasia. In addition to this, a second doctor, must confirm that these criteria have been met and the death must be reported to the police department.Should doctors be allowed to take the lives of others? Dr. Wilfred Van Oijen, Cees Van Wendels doctor, explains how he looks at t
42、he question:“Well, its not as if Im planning to murder a crowd of people with a machine gun. In that case, killing is the worst thing I can imagine. But thats entirely different from my work as a doctor. I care for people and I try to ensure that they dont suffer too much. Thats a very different thi
43、ng.“Many people, though, are totally against the practice of euthanasia. Dr. Andrew Ferguson, Chairman of the Organisation Healthcare Opposed to Euthanasia, says that “in the vast majority of euthanasia cases, what the patient is actually asking for is something else. They may want a health professi
44、onal to open up communication for them with their loved ones or family theres nearly always another question behind the question.“Britain also has a strong tradition of hospices-special hospitals which care only for the dying and their special needs. Cicely Saunders, President of the National Hospic
45、e Council and a founder member of the hospice movement, argues that euthanasia doesnt take into account that there are ways of caring for the dying. She is also concerned that allowing euthanasia would undermine the need for care and consideration of a wide range of people; “Its very easy in society
46、 now for the elderly, the disabled and the dependent to feel that they are burdens, and therefore that they ought to opt out. I think that anything that legally allows the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable.“Many find this prohibition of an individuals right to die paternalistic. Although they agree that life is important and should be respected, they feel that the quality of life should not be ignored. Dr. van Oijen believes that people have the fundamenta
