1、英语词汇学自考题-25 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：44，分数：100.00)1.Polysemant means a word has _ meaning(s). A. one B. two C. no D. more than one（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.2.Words are arbitrary symbols with independent identities so far as their spelling and pronunciation is concerned. But _, all words are related
2、 in one way or another. A. linguistically B. semantically C. grammatically D. pragmatically（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.3.The problem of interrelation of the various meanings of the same word can be dealt with from diachronic and _. A. computational approach B. historical approach C. synchronic approach D. comp
3、arative approach（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.4._, the basic meaning of a word is the core of word-meaning called the central meaning. A. Onomatopoeically B. Diachronically C. Synchronically D. Etymologically（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.5.In diachronic approach, other meanings apart from the primary meaning of a word were a
4、cquired by _. A. extension B. narrowing C. analogy D. all the above（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.6._ is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the center and the secondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rays. A. Radiation B. Concatenation C. Derivation D. Inflection（分数：2.50
5、）A.B.C.D.7.Two processes of development of word-meaning from monosemy to polysemy are _. A. diachronic approach and synchronic approach B. radiation and concatenation C. diachronic approach and radiation D. synchronic approach and concatenation（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.8._ is the semantic process in which th
6、e meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense that is finally developed and that which the term had at the beginning. A. Derivation B. Radiation C. Inflection D. Concatenation（分数：2.50）A.B.C
7、.D.9.In radiation, the secondary meaning of a word is derived from the primary meaning of a word by _. A. transfer B. extension C. specialization D. all the above and others（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.10.Homographs are words identical only in _ but different in sound and meaning. A. sound B. meaning C. spellin
8、g D. sense（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.11.Based on the degree of similarity, homonyms fall into three classes except _. A. perfect homonyms B. homographs C. synonyms D. homophone（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.12.Which of the following are perfect homonyms?_ A. Bear(n. )/Bear(v. ). B. Are(v. )/R. C. Bow(n. )/Bow(v. ). D. Sow(
9、v. )/Sow(n. ).（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.13._ is not a pair of homophones. A. “Bear“ (a large heavy animal)and “bear“ (to put up with) B. “Right“ (correct)and “write“ (to put down on paper with a pen) C. “Son“ (a male child of some one)and “sun“ (the heavenly body from which the earth gets warmth and light) D
10、. “Compliment“ (an expression of praise)and “complement“ (make up a whole)（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.14.Radiation and concatenation are different stages of the development leading to polysemy. Generally, radiation _ concatenation. A. is behind B. precedes C. is with D. makes up for（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.15.The orig
11、ins of homonyms have _. A. change in sound B. change in spelling C. borrowing D. all the above（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.16.Of the types of homonyms, _ constitute the largest number and are most common. A. perfect homonyms B. homophones C. homographs D. antonymy（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.17.Borrowing as a source of hom
12、onymy in English can be illustrated by _. A. long (not short) B. ball (a dancing party) C. rock (rock n roll) D. ad(advertisement)（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.18.The fundamental difference between homonyms and polysemants is whether _. A. they come from the same source B. they are correlated with one central me
13、aning C. they are listed under one headword in a dictionary D. all the above（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.19.As homonyms are identical in sound or spelling, particularly _, they are often employed in a conversation to create puns for desired effect of humor, sarcasm or ridicule. A. homographs B. homophones C. ab
14、solute homonyms D. antonyms（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.20.One important criterion to tell the fundamental difference between homonyms and polysemants is to see their _. A. ideology B. etymology C. mythology D. methodology（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.21.“On Sunday they pray for you and on Monday they prey on you.“ In this
15、sentence, the _ is created. A. pun B. personification C. metaphor D. simile（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.22._ are words which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning. A. Antonyms B. Metaphors C. Synonyms D. Similes（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.23.There is no difference between natural vitamins and synthetic v
16、itamins. The synonym of synthetic is _. A. artificial B. rhetoric C. practical D. theoretical（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.24.Absolute synonyms are _. A. numerous B. rare C. popular D. common（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.25.“Composition“ and “compounding“ in lexicology are _. A. absolute synonyms B. relative synonyms C. near
17、 synonyms D. not synonyms（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.26.Relative synonyms also called _ are similar or nearly the same in denotation, but embrace different degrees of a given quality. A. close-synonyms B. respondent-synonyms C. near-synonyms D. dependent-synonyms（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.27._ means the stylistic and em
18、otive colouring of words. A. Pronunciation B. Connotation C. Denotation D. Application（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.28.The following are all synonymous pairs, but in each the second is standard in usage whereas the first is archaic, except _. A. ire/anger B. rich/wealthy C. forlorn/distressed D. bliss/happiness（
19、分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.29._ truly represent oppositeness of meaning. A. Contradictory terms B. Contrary terms C. Relative terms D. Absolute synonyms（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.30.Antonymy is concerned with semantic _. A. relation B. similarity C. difference D. opposition（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.31.Antonyms can be classified
20、into the following types except _. A. contradictory terms B. absolute terms C. contrary terms D. relative terms（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.32.The antonyms male and female are _. A. contradictory terms B. contrary terms C. relative terms D. connected terms（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.33.The antonyms big and small are _. A.
21、 contradictory terms B. contrary terms C. relative terms D. connected terms（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.34._ is contrary antonymy. A. “True“ and “false“ B. “Rich“ and “poor“ C. “Parent“ and “child“ D. “Male“ and “female“（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.35.What is applicable to contradictory terms of some antonyms may not be ap
22、plicable to their _ terms. A. connotative B. collocative C. relative D. negative（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.36.The antonyms husband and wife are _. A. contradictory terms B. contrary terms C. relative terms D. connected terms（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.37.The way to define an antonym is based on _. A. contradiction B. co
23、ntrariness C. oppositeness D. relativeness（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.38.One of the interesting features about a language is that there are a great many more _ than _ in it. A. hyponyms. homonyms B. homonyms. hyponyms C. synonyms. antonyms D. antonyms. synonyms（分数：1.50）A.B.C.D.39.The sense relation between the
24、 two words tulip and flower is _. A. hyponymy B. synonymy C. perfect homonyms D. antonymy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.40.Which of the following may not lead to ambiguity?_ A. Grammatical structure. B. Polysemy. C. Antonymy. D. Hyponymy.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.41.As for the hyponymy we have and _. A. superordinates; su
25、bordinates B. antonyms; synonyms C. monosemy; polysemy D. radiation; concatenation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.42.The status either as superordinate or subordinate is _ to other terms. A. absolute B. relative C. fixed D. tense（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.43.A semantic field is a meaning area where words share the same _. A
26、. pronunciation B. spelling C. concept D. sense（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.44.According to Triers vision of fields, the whole vocabulary can be divided up into _. A. fields B. pieces C. tenses D. nouns（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.英语词汇学自考题-25 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：44，分数：100.00)1.Polysemant means a word has _ me
27、aning(s). A. one B. two C. no D. more than one（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 一个词如果是多义词则表明它至少有两个或以上的意义。答案为 D。2.Words are arbitrary symbols with independent identities so far as their spelling and pronunciation is concerned. But _, all words are related in one way or another. A. linguistically B. semanticall
28、y C. grammatically D. pragmatically（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 题干译文：词就拼写和发音而言，是具有任意性的符号和独立的单位。然而在哪方面所有词都是彼此相关的?词就其外部方面拼写和发音而言是具有任意性的符号和独立的单位。但在语义上，所有的词都是彼此相关的。一个与其他词相关联的词是在语义上与它们相关的，因而有了语义关系。答案为B。3.The problem of interrelation of the various meanings of the same word can be dealt with from diachronic an
29、d _. A. computational approach B. historical approach C. synchronic approach D. comparative approach（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 题干译文：词的各种意义之间相互关联的问题可以从历时方法和什么方法两个角度来研究?The problem of interrelation of the various meanings of the same word can be dealt with from two different angles: diachronic approach a
30、nd synchronic approach答案为 C。4._, the basic meaning of a word is the core of word-meaning called the central meaning. A. Onomatopoeically B. Diachronically C. Synchronically D. Etymologically（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 从共时角度看，多义关系可以认为是一个词的各种意义在某一历史时期的共存。从这个角度来看，一个词的基本意义就是词的核心，叫核心义。答案为 C。5.In diachronic a
31、pproach, other meanings apart from the primary meaning of a word were acquired by _. A. extension B. narrowing C. analogy D. all the above（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 题干译文：从历史角度来看，原始意义外的派生意义是通过什么产生的?All the rest are derived later on from the primary meaning. These meanings were acquired by extension, nar
32、rowing, analogy, transfer, etc. 答案为 D。6._ is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the center and the secondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rays. A. Radiation B. Concatenation C. Derivation D. Inflection（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Radiation is a semantic proces
33、s in which the primary meaning stands at the centre and the secondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rays. 辐射型以原始意义为中心，从原始意义发展而来的次要意义就像射线那样四处散去。答案为 A。7.Two processes of development of word-meaning from monosemy to polysemy are _. A. diachronic approach and synchronic approach B.
34、radiation and concatenation C. diachronic approach and radiation D. synchronic approach and concatenation（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 The development of word-meaning from monosemy to polysemy follows two courses, traditionally known as radiation and concatenation词义从单义向多义发展遵循两种模式：辐射型和连锁型。答案为 B。8._ is the
35、semantic process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense that is finally developed and that which the term had at the beginning. A. Derivation B. Radiation C. Inflection D.
36、 Concatenation（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 Concatenation, meaning “linking together“, is the semantic process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense that is finally developed a
37、nd that which the term had at the beginning. 连锁即链接在一起，连锁型是词义发生关联变化的过程。在连锁过程中，一个词的词义逐渐从原始意义连续转化，以至在很多情况下，后起的义项与原始意义已没有任何联系。答案为 D。9.In radiation, the secondary meaning of a word is derived from the primary meaning of a word by _. A. transfer B. extension C. specialization D. all the above and others（分
38、数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 题干译文：在辐射型模式中，一个词的次要意义通过什么从原始意义获得?Meaning is an instance of transfer, specialization and extension答案为 D。10.Homographs are words identical only in _ but different in sound and meaning. A. sound B. meaning C. spelling D. sense（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 题干译文：同形异音异义词是什么相同但读音和词义不同的词?Hom
39、ographs are words identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning答案为 C。11.Based on the degree of similarity, homonyms fall into three classes except _. A. perfect homonyms B. homographs C. synonyms D. homophone（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 题干译文：根据相类似的程度，同形同音异义词可分三类，下列哪一项不属于这三类?Based on the d
40、egree of similarity, homonyms fall into three classes: perfect homonyms, homographs and homophones答案为 C。12.Which of the following are perfect homonyms?_ A. Bear(n. )/Bear(v. ). B. Are(v. )/R. C. Bow(n. )/Bow(v. ). D. Sow(v. )/Sow(n. ).（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 B 项中 are和 R同音，不同形不同义。C 项中两个词同形，不同音不同义。D 项
41、中两个词同形，不同音不同义。答案为 A。13._ is not a pair of homophones. A. “Bear“ (a large heavy animal)and “bear“ (to put up with) B. “Right“ (correct)and “write“ (to put down on paper with a pen) C. “Son“ (a male child of some one)and “sun“ (the heavenly body from which the earth gets warmth and light) D. “Complime
42、nt“ (an expression of praise)and “complement“ (make up a whole)（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 同音异形异义词是读音相同但拼写和词义不同的词。答案为 A。14.Radiation and concatenation are different stages of the development leading to polysemy. Generally, radiation _ concatenation. A. is behind B. precedes C. is with D. makes up for（分数
43、：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 题干译文：辐射型和连锁型有着紧密的联系，他们分别是词义向多义发展的不同阶段。一般来说，辐射型怎么样连锁型?Radiation and concatenation are closely related, being different stages of the development leading to polysemy. Generally, radiation preceds concatenation答案为 B。15.The origins of homonyms have _. A. change in sound B. change in
44、 spelling C. borrowing D. all the above（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 There are various sources of homonyms: change in sound and spelling, borrowing, etc同形同音异义词的起源有多种：读音的变化、拼写的变化、借词等。答案为 D。16.Of the types of homonyms, _ constitute the largest number and are most common. A. perfect homonyms B. homophones C.
45、 homographs D. antonymy（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 题干译文：在三种同形同音异义词中，什么占绝大多数，最为常见?Of the three types, homophones constitute the largest number and are most common答案为 B。17.Borrowing as a source of homonymy in English can be illustrated by _. A. long (not short) B. ball (a dancing party) C. rock (rock n ro
46、ll) D. ad(advertisement)（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 long 源自 lang(古英语)，属于语音和拼写变化。ball 源自 baller(古法语)。答案为 B。18.The fundamental difference between homonyms and polysemants is whether _. A. they come from the same source B. they are correlated with one central meaning C. they are listed under one headword i
47、n a dictionary D. all the above（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 题干译文：同形同音异义词与多义词的基本区别是什么?The fundamental difference between homonyms and polysemants lies in their etymology, semantic relatedness and under one headword答案为 D。19.As homonyms are identical in sound or spelling, particularly _, they are often employed i
