1、英语国家概况自考题分类模拟 16 及答案解析(总分：51.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.The maximum duration of a Parliament in the U.K. is _.（分数：1.00）A.two yearsB.four yearsC.five yearsD.six years2.Which of the following is not involved in the British judicial responsibilities? _（分数：1.00）A.Attorney General.B.Ministry of Justice.C.The Lord C
2、hancellor.D.The Home Secretary.3.Each session of the British Parliament usually lasts for _.（分数：1.00）A.one yearB.two yearC.four yearD.half a year4.In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _.（分数：1.00）A.the Prime MinisterB.the Lord ChancellorC.the Duke of Ed
3、inburghD.the Speaker of the House of Commons5.The House of Commons in the U.K. had its first woman speaker in _.（分数：1.00）A.1990B.1991C.1992D.19936.In England and Wales, lay magistrates (“justice of the peace“ or JPs) are appointed by _.（分数：1.00）A.the MonarchB.the ParliamentC.the Prime MinisterD.the
4、Lord Chancellor7.In the U. K., the public are admitted to _ in the House of Lords and the House of Commons.（分数：1.00）A.the Stranger“s GalleriesB.the Tate GalleryC.the National GalleryD.the State Galleries8.The British Monarchy has been in existence for more than 1,000 years going back to at least the
5、 _ century.（分数：1.00）A.8thB.9thC.10thD.11th9.In the United Kingdom, each member of Parliament represents a _, and holds his seat during the life of a parliament.（分数：1.00）A.constituencyB.shireC.boroughD.county10.In Britain, the position of _ is traditionally held by the Prime Minister.（分数：1.00）A.Minis
6、ter of DefenseB.First Lord of the TreasuryC.Lord ChancellorD.Minister of Education11.In the line of succession to the throne, _ have precedence over other candidates (heirs).（分数：1.00）A.the monarch“s sonsB.the queen“s sistersC.the monarch“s brothersD.the queen“s daughters12.The ultimate authority for
7、 law-making resides in _.（分数：1.00）A.the QueenB.the CabinetC.the House of LordsD.the House of Commons13.The leader of the House of Lords is _.（分数：1.00）A.the Archbishops of CanterburyB.the MonarchC.the Prime MinisterD.the Lord Chancellor14.The husband of Queen Elizabeth is _.（分数：1.00）A.Prince AndrewB.
8、Prince PhilipC.Prince CharlesD.Prince William15.The Lords Temporal in Britain“s House of Lords consists of all the following except _.（分数：1.00）A.life peersB.hereditary peersC.Lords of appeal of “law lords“D.the Archbishops of Canterbury and York16.The system of Parliamentary government is based on _
9、.（分数：1.00）A.a written constitutionB.conventionsC.statute law and common lawD.both B and C17.No.10 Downing Street in London is _.（分数：1.00）A.the official residence of the QueenB.the office building of Lord ChancellorC.the meeting place of the British ParliamentD.the official residence of British Prime
10、 Minister18.There are _ police forces in England and Wales, 8 in Scotland and one in Northern Ireland.（分数：1.00）A.40B.41C.42D.4319.In Britain, a full meeting of _ is called only when a Sovereign dies or announces his or her intention to marry.（分数：1.00）A.the Privy CouncilB.the ParliamentC.the House of
11、 CommonsD.the House of Lords20.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of State is a king or a queen. In practice, _.（分数：1.00）A.Parliament rules the countryB.the Sovereign reigns but does not ruleC.the Sovereign rules but does not reignD.the Prime Minister rules and reigns21.London
12、“s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _.（分数：1.00）A.the Prime MinisterB.the Lord ChancellorC.the Home SecretaryD.the Attorney General22.Police forces are allowed to join some organizations except _.（分数：1.00）A.a clubB.a trade unionC.a politicalD.the army23.The Privy Council rem
13、ained powerful until 18th century when most of its work was taken over by the _.（分数：1.00）A.House of LordsB.CabinetC.High CourtD.House of Commons24.In the United Kingdom, succession is founded on the _ Principle. Sons of the Sovereign have precedence over daughters in succeeding to the throne.（分数：1.0
14、0）A.ethicalB.obligationC.hereditaryD.public relations25.The Social and Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and _.（分数：1.00）A.the Conservative PartyB.the Labor PartyC.the Liberal PartyD.the Green Party26.Parliament has the following functions except _.（分数：1.00）A.
15、making lawB.declaring war and making peaceC.authorizing taxation and public expenditureD.examining the actions of the Government27.The two parties that have held power in Britain since 1945 are _.（分数：1.00）A.the Democratic Party and the Republican PartyB.the Conservative Party and the Labor PartyC.th
16、e Labor Party and the Social Democratic PartyD.the Labor Party and the Democratic Party28.What is a “shadow cabinet“ in Britain? （分数：4.00）_29.What is the House of Lords made up of? （分数：4.00）_30.What are the main functions of the British Parliament? （分数：4.00）_31.The Metropolitan Police Force （分数：4.00
17、）_32.What is the main function of the House of Lords? （分数：4.00）_33.When and how is the Sovereign“s birthday officially celebrated? （分数：4.00）_英语国家概况自考题分类模拟 16 答案解析(总分：51.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.The maximum duration of a Parliament in the U.K. is _.（分数：1.00）A.two yearsB.four yearsC.five years D.six years解析：解析
18、 英国议会的最长周期是 5 年。2.Which of the following is not involved in the British judicial responsibilities? _（分数：1.00）A.Attorney General.B.Ministry of Justice. C.The Lord Chancellor.D.The Home Secretary.解析：解析 英国没有司法部，中央政府的司法工作主要由大法官(The Lord Chancellor)、内政大臣(The Home Secretary)和首席检察官(Attorney General)负责。3.Ea
19、ch session of the British Parliament usually lasts for _.（分数：1.00）A.one year B.two yearC.four yearD.half a year解析：解析 一届议会的最长任期为五年，但实际上到期之前常常进行大选。每届议会又分为几个会期，一般持续一年。4.In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _.（分数：1.00）A.the Prime Minister B.the Lord Chance
20、llorC.the Duke of EdinburghD.the Speaker of the House of Commons解析：解析 女王根据首相推荐任命大臣。5.The House of Commons in the U.K. had its first woman speaker in _.（分数：1.00）A.1990B.1991C.1992 D.1993解析：解析 英国的下议院在 1992 年有了首位女议长。6.In England and Wales, lay magistrates (“justice of the peace“ or JPs) are appointed b
21、y _.（分数：1.00）A.the MonarchB.the ParliamentC.the Prime MinisterD.the Lord Chancellor 解析：解析 在英格兰和威尔士，大法官根据各郡委员会的建议，代表国王任命外行人员为治安官。7.In the U. K., the public are admitted to _ in the House of Lords and the House of Commons.（分数：1.00）A.the Stranger“s Galleries B.the Tate GalleryC.the National GalleryD.th
22、e State Galleries解析：解析 在英国，公众可以到上下议院的公众旁听席旁听议会辩论。8.The British Monarchy has been in existence for more than 1,000 years going back to at least the _ century.（分数：1.00）A.8thB.9th C.10thD.11th解析：解析 英国的君主政体建立已经有一千多年的时间了，至少可以追溯到 9 世纪。9.In the United Kingdom, each member of Parliament represents a _, and
23、holds his seat during the life of a parliament.（分数：1.00）A.constituency B.shireC.boroughD.county解析：解析 每位议员代表一个地区(选区)，在议会内占有议席。10.In Britain, the position of _ is traditionally held by the Prime Minister.（分数：1.00）A.Minister of DefenseB.First Lord of the Treasury C.Lord ChancellorD.Minister of Educatio
24、n解析：解析 根据传统，首相也是首席财政大臣和文职部大臣。根据现代惯例，首相必须是下议院议员。11.In the line of succession to the throne, _ have precedence over other candidates (heirs).（分数：1.00）A.the monarch“s sons B.the queen“s sistersC.the monarch“s brothersD.the queen“s daughters解析：解析 继位以世袭原则为基础，继承王位时君主的儿子优先于女儿。12.The ultimate authority for
25、law-making resides in _.（分数：1.00）A.the QueenB.the CabinetC.the House of LordsD.the House of Commons 解析：解析 只有下议院才拥有最终立法权。13.The leader of the House of Lords is _.（分数：1.00）A.the Archbishops of CanterburyB.the MonarchC.the Prime MinisterD.the Lord Chancellor 解析：解析 上议院由上议院议长主持，他坐在羊毛坐垫上(一种大软垫，塞在里面的羊毛来自好几
26、个英联邦成员国)，行使上议院议长的职务。14.The husband of Queen Elizabeth is _.（分数：1.00）A.Prince AndrewB.Prince Philip C.Prince CharlesD.Prince William解析：解析 伊丽莎白女王二世，出生于 1926 年 4 月 21 日，1947 年 11 月 20 日与爱丁堡公爵菲力普王子结婚。15.The Lords Temporal in Britain“s House of Lords consists of all the following except _.（分数：1.00）A.life
27、 peersB.hereditary peersC.Lords of appeal of “law lords“D.the Archbishops of Canterbury and York 解析：解析 世俗贵族议员由以下人员组成：(1)英格兰、苏格兰、大不列颠和联合王国的所有世袭贵族和女贵族(爱尔兰贵族除外)；(2)在司法事务上帮助上议院而受封的终身贵族(上诉法官)；(3)所有其他终身贵族。16.The system of Parliamentary government is based on _.（分数：1.00）A.a written constitutionB.convention
28、sC.statute law and common lawD.both B and C 解析：解析 与大多数其他国家宪法不同，英国宪法不由单一文件构成，而是由成文法、习惯法和惯例组成。17.No.10 Downing Street in London is _.（分数：1.00）A.the official residence of the QueenB.the office building of Lord ChancellorC.the meeting place of the British ParliamentD.the official residence of British Pr
29、ime Minister 解析：解析 英国首相的官邸是伦敦的唐宁街十号。18.There are _ police forces in England and Wales, 8 in Scotland and one in Northern Ireland.（分数：1.00）A.40B.41C.42D.43 解析：解析 英格兰和威尔士有 43 个警察署，苏格兰有 8 个，北爱尔兰有 1 个。19.In Britain, a full meeting of _ is called only when a Sovereign dies or announces his or her intenti
30、on to marry.（分数：1.00）A.the Privy Council B.the ParliamentC.the House of CommonsD.the House of Lords解析：解析 英国的枢密院由枢密院院长主持。只有君主去世或君主要宣布他(她)打算结婚时才召开枢密院全体会议。20.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of State is a king or a queen. In practice, _.（分数：1.00）A.Parliament rules the countryB.
31、the Sovereign reigns but does not rule C.the Sovereign rules but does not reignD.the Prime Minister rules and reigns解析：解析 联合王国是君主立宪制国家，国家首脑是国王或女王。实际上君主统而不治。21.London“s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _.（分数：1.00）A.the Prime MinisterB.the Lord ChancellorC.the Home Secretary
32、D.the Attorney General解析：解析 伦敦警察署直接受内政大臣管辖。22.Police forces are allowed to join some organizations except _.（分数：1.00）A.a clubB.a trade union C.a politicalD.the army解析：解析 英国警察不得加入工会或参与罢工。ACD 中涉及的组织允许加入。23.The Privy Council remained powerful until 18th century when most of its work was taken over by t
33、he _.（分数：1.00）A.House of LordsB.Cabinet C.High CourtD.House of Commons解析：解析 枢密院权力一直很大，直到 18 世纪大部分工作被内阁接替为止。24.In the United Kingdom, succession is founded on the _ Principle. Sons of the Sovereign have precedence over daughters in succeeding to the throne.（分数：1.00）A.ethicalB.obligationC.hereditary D
34、.public relations解析：解析 继位以世袭原则为基础，继承王位时君主的儿子优先于女儿。女儿继位则成为在位女王，与国王享有同等权力。25.The Social and Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and _.（分数：1.00）A.the Conservative PartyB.the Labor PartyC.the Liberal Party D.the Green Party解析：解析 自由党与 1981 年形成的社会民主党合并后，于 1988 年成立了新政
35、党社会自由民主党。26.Parliament has the following functions except _.（分数：1.00）A.making lawB.declaring war and making peace C.authorizing taxation and public expenditureD.examining the actions of the Government解析：解析 议会的主要作用是：(1)通过立法；(2)投票批准征税，为政府工作提供资金；(3)检查政府政策和行政管理，包括拨款提议；(4)当天的议题辩论。宣布战争或决定和平时国王或女王的职责。27.Th
36、e two parties that have held power in Britain since 1945 are _.（分数：1.00）A.the Democratic Party and the Republican PartyB.the Conservative Party and the Labor Party C.the Labor Party and the Social Democratic PartyD.the Labor Party and the Democratic Party解析：解析 自从 1945 年以来，保守党和工党轮流执政。28.What is a “sh
37、adow cabinet“ in Britain? （分数：4.00）_正确答案：()解析：The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official Opposition, with its own leader and “shadow cabinet“.29.What is the House of Lords made up of? （分数：4.00）_正确答案：()解析：It is made up of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.30
38、.What are the main functions of the British Parliament? （分数：4.00）_正确答案：()解析：The functions of the British Parliament are lawmaking, authorizing taxation and public expenditure, and examining the actions of the government.31.The Metropolitan Police Force （分数：4.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Metropolitan Police For
39、ce: The police service for the United Kingdom is organized and controlled on a local basis under the Home Secretary and the Scottish and Northern Ireland Secretaries. London“s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of the Home Secretary.32.What is the main function of the House of L
40、ords? （分数：4.00）_正确答案：()解析：Its main function of the House of Lords is to bring the wide experience of its members into the process of lawmaking.33.When and how is the Sovereign“s birthday officially celebrated? （分数：4.00）_正确答案：()解析：It is officially celebrated in June every year by Trooping the Color on Horse Guards Parade.
