1、英语国家概况自考题分类模拟 15 及答案解析(总分：49.00，做题时间：90 分钟)二、Read the following u(总题数：49，分数：49.00)1.The theme of Thanksgiving has always been _.（分数：1.00）A.friendship and happinessB.peace and plentyC.cooperation and rich rewardD.love and happiness2.William replaced the Anglo-Saxon Kings“ Council known as _ with a ne
2、w council known as _.（分数：1.00）A.King“s Council, Norman CouncilB.the Witan, the Grand CouncilC.Anglo-Saxon Council, Baron“s CouncilD.Grand Council, Parliament3.The Christian festivals in Britain are _.（分数：1.00）A.Christmas and EasterB.Christmas and Whit SundayC.Easter and Whit SundayD.Christmas, Easte
3、r and Whit Sunday4.Among the five Australian cities with a population of over a million only _ lies on the Western coast.（分数：1.00）A.SydneyB.BrisbaneC.MelbourneD.Perth5.Which of the following is a typical bilingual city in Canada?（分数：1.00）A.Ottawa.B.Calgary.C.Toronto.D.Vancouver.6.In 1903, the _ flew
4、 an aeroplane for a brief 12 seconds at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.（分数：1.00）A.FranklinB.Wright brothersC.JohnsonD.Einstein7.William, Duke of Normandy, is now known as _.（分数：1.00）A.William RufusB.William the ConfessorC.William the GreatD.William the Conqueror8.The name Wars of the Roses was, in fact,
5、 coined by the great 19th century-novelist _.（分数：1.00）A.Sir Thomas BrowneB.Sir Max BeerbohmC.Sir Walter ScottD.Sir Norman Angell9.Which of the following is not considered a characteristic of farming in the late 18th and early 19th centuries?（分数：1.00）A.The “open-field“ system.B.A system of crop rotat
6、ion.C.Introduction of artificial fertilizer.D.Introduction of new agricultural machinery.10.In 1947 the Truman Administration decided to provide aid for _ to prevent these two countries from falling into the hands of the Soviet Union.（分数：1.00）A.Poland and RomaniaB.Germany and ItalyC.the U.K. and Fra
7、nceD.Greece and Turkey11.Which work praised the idea of equality and democracy and also celebrated the dignity, the self-reliant spirit and the joy of the common man?（分数：1.00）A.Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman.B.Self-reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson.C.Life on the Mississippi by Mark Twain.D.Sister Car
8、rie by Theodore Dreiser.12.The feudal system was completely established under after the _ in 1066.（分数：1.00）A.William, Norman ConquestB.Alfred the Great, Anglo-Saxon ConquestC.the Dane, arrival of the DaneD.the Celts, arrival of Pane13.Which statement is not true about Ireland?（分数：1.00）A.Ireland is d
9、ivided into two political units.B.Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom.C.The Republic of Ireland is an independent country.D.Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of its rich deposit of emeralds.14._ newspapers are directed at readers who want full information on a wide range of publi
10、c matters.（分数：1.00）A.QualityB.PopularC.“Mid-market“D.Tabloid15._ is British Columbia“s largest city and the third largest city in Canada.（分数：1.00）A.VancouverB.TorontoC.Quebec CityD.Montreal16.In the official statement proclaiming American neutrality, President Wilson said that “we must be _ in thoug
11、ht as well as in action.“（分数：1.00）A.impartialB.partialC.pro-AllyD.isolationist17.The Articles of Confederation in 1781 was unusual because it provided for _.（分数：1.00）A.no kingB.a strong central governmentC.civil rightsD.taxation powers18.There are three political divisions on the island of Great Bri
12、tain: Scotland, Wales and _.（分数：1.00）A.IrelandB.Never landC.New ZealandD.England19.There have been _ periods in the history of political parties in the U.S（分数：1.00）A.fourB.fiveC.twoD.three20.Which of the following is not true of Elizabeth ?（分数：1.00）A.Her religious reform was a compromise of views.B.
13、Her religious reform was welcomed by both the Puritans and ardent Catholics.C.She desired “that there should be outward conformity to the Established religion“.D.She broke Mary“s ties with Rome and restored her father“s independent Church of England.21.Which statement about the Puritans is not true?
14、（分数：1.00）A.The Puritans did not allow religious dissent.B.The Puritans were poor artisans and unskilled peasants.C.They were dissatisfied with the political corruption in England.D.They went to the United States to establish what they considered the true church.22.The Seven Years“ War (17561763) was
15、 fought between Britain and _ for the coloniza-tion in North America.（分数：1.00）A.SpainB.RussiaC.HollandD.France23.In Britain, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _.（分数：1.00）A.the Lord ChancellorB.the Prime MinisterC.the SpeakerD.the Parliamentary Commissioner24.Over the past
16、 one thousand years, the British _ has been broken only once between 1649 and 1660.（分数：1.00）A.CabinetB.ParliamentC.MonarchyD.Privy Council25.More than _ of the population in the U.S. lived in city areas in 1988.（分数：1.00）A.65%B.70%C.77%D.85%26.Membership in the House of Representatives is based on _.
17、（分数：1.00）A.the number of cities in each stateB.the number of families in each stateC.the size of population in each stateD.the size of cities in each state27.Loosely speaking, _ were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists.（分数：1.00）A.the Wh
18、igsB.the ToriesC.the members of the Labor PartyD.the members of the Conservative Party28.London“s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of _.（分数：1.00）A.the England secretariesB.the Scottish SecretariesC.Northern Ireland SecretariesD.the Home Secretary29.Higher education in the United States
19、 began with the founding of _ in 1636.（分数：1.00）A.HarvardB.Stanford UniversityC.Yale UniversityD.Massachusetts Institute of Technology30.In the U.S. each local school district has a governing board which is usually _.（分数：1.00）A.elected by the votersB.chosen from the teaching staffC.selected from the
20、local communityD.appointed by the county magistrate31.During the WW , the first summit the leaders of the U.S., the Soviet Union and Britain was held at _ in November, 1943.（分数：1.00）A.BerlinB.PotsdamC.YaltaD.Teheran32.In 1972, U.S. President _ visited China, which led to the establishment of diploma
21、tic relations with China in January 1979.（分数：1.00）A.Ronald ReaganB.Richard NixonC.Jimmy CarterD.Gerald Ford33.The Peace Conference in 1919 was dominated by the Big Four, that is, _.（分数：1.00）A.the United States, Britain, Spain and ItalyB.the United States, Japan, France and ItalyC.the United States,
22、Britain, France and ItalyD.the United States, Britain, France and Russia34.The great King of Wessex who fought against the invasion of the Danes in the 9th century was known as _.（分数：1.00）A.HengistB.Alfred the GreatC.the PilgrimD.King of Picts35.Great Britain has had the greatest influence upon Aust
23、ralians because _.（分数：1.00）A.Australia was poorB.Great Britain was very powerfulC.Australia was settled as a British colonyD.Great Britain was rich36.The first steam engine was devised by _ at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor James Watt modified and improved the design.（分数：1.00
24、）A.Robert BakewellB.Thomas NewcomerC.James WattD.Thomas Coke37.Today 93% of the Irish population are _.（分数：1.00）A.PuritansB.Roman CatholicsC.AnglicansD.Christians38.The two great themes of Dickinson“s poetry were _.（分数：1.00）A.death and search for faithB.the grave and the soulC.the grave and the natu
25、reD.death and the soul39.During the American Civil War, the victory at _ proved to be the turning point for the Union Army.（分数：1.00）A.HarrisburgB.GettysburgC.LexingtonD.Fort Sumter40.Apart from Britain, the Queen is also the head of state of the following countries except _.（分数：1.00）A.AustraliaB.Can
26、adaC.New ZealandD.South Africa41.The Privy Council includes _.（分数：1.00）A.all Cabinet ministersB.all the Archbishops in BritainC.all members of the House of LordsD.all members of the House of Commons42.There are some _ universities in U.K., including the Open University.（分数：1.00）A.900B.290C.90D.5043.
27、_ is the largest single source of goods imported by the U.S., accounting for nearly 30%.（分数：1.00）A.CanadaB.AustraliaC.AsiaD.Latin America44.The capital of Ireland is _.（分数：1.00）A.EdinburghB.BelfastC.DublinD.Cardiff45.Before the American Civil War, public feeling against slavery was increased by Harr
28、iet Beecher Stowe“s novel _.（分数：1.00）A.RootsB.Uncle Tom“s CabinC.American TragedyD.Shame of America46._ is the capital of New Zealand.（分数：1.00）A.AucklandB.WellingtonC.TorontoD.Montreal47.As a result of the industrial revolution, Britain was by 1830 the “_“.（分数：1.00）A.industrial leader of the worldB.
29、Leading Sea Power of the WorldC.workshop of the worldD.industrialized country of the world48.According to the Waitangi Treaty, if the Maoris want to sell land, only _ will have the fight to buy.（分数：1.00）A.the Maoris themselvesB.the CrownC.the British citizensD.the local government49.On April 30th of
30、 1789, George Washington took the oath of office in _ which housed the first American government.（分数：1.00）A.New YorkB.WashingtonC.PhiladelphiaD.Boston英语国家概况自考题分类模拟 15 答案解析(总分：49.00，做题时间：90 分钟)二、Read the following u(总题数：49，分数：49.00)1.The theme of Thanksgiving has always been _.（分数：1.00）A.friendship a
31、nd happinessB.peace and plenty C.cooperation and rich rewardD.love and happiness解析：解析 感恩节是很典型的美国节日，它是人们感谢在过去一年中所享受到的恩赐的节日。感恩节的主题一直是和平、丰收、健康和愉快。每年 11 月的第四个星期四为感恩节。2.William replaced the Anglo-Saxon Kings“ Council known as _ with a new council known as _.（分数：1.00）A.King“s Council, Norman CouncilB.the
32、Witan, the Grand Council C.Anglo-Saxon Council, Baron“s CouncilD.Grand Council, Parliament解析：解析 威廉用大议会取代了盎格鲁撒克逊国王的顾问团，贤人会议。大议会由他的土地承租人组成，一旦国王召集，他们就得到大议会服务。大议会一年开三次。3.The Christian festivals in Britain are _.（分数：1.00）A.Christmas and EasterB.Christmas and Whit SundayC.Easter and Whit SundayD.Christmas
33、, Easter and Whit Sunday 解析：解析 英国一年当中的基督教节日有圣诞节、复活节和圣灵降临节。4.Among the five Australian cities with a population of over a million only _ lies on the Western coast.（分数：1.00）A.SydneyB.BrisbaneC.MelbourneD.Perth 解析：解析 澳大利亚人口超过百万的城市有五个，其中四个城市(悉尼、墨尔本、布里斯班、阿德雷德)在东海岸，另一个叫佩斯的城市在西海岸。5.Which of the following i
34、s a typical bilingual city in Canada?（分数：1.00）A.Ottawa. B.Calgary.C.Toronto.D.Vancouver.解析：解析 加拿大的首都渥太华是典型的双语城市，在首都，一半人说英语，一半人说法语。6.In 1903, the _ flew an aeroplane for a brief 12 seconds at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.（分数：1.00）A.FranklinB.Wright brothers C.JohnsonD.Einstein解析：解析 1903 年莱特兄弟在北卡罗来纳州的基蒂
35、霍克驾驶自制的飞机飞行了 12 秒钟，这是飞机出现的开始。1911 年，格伦E库利斯设计了一架飞机并试飞成功。7.William, Duke of Normandy, is now known as _.（分数：1.00）A.William RufusB.William the ConfessorC.William the GreatD.William the Conqueror 解析：解析 诺曼底公爵威廉，也就是有名的“征服者威廉”。8.The name Wars of the Roses was, in fact, coined by the great 19th century-nove
36、list _.（分数：1.00）A.Sir Thomas BrowneB.Sir Max BeerbohmC.Sir Walter Scott D.Sir Norman Angell解析：解析 1455 至 1485 年间英国政局不稳定是因为两支金雀花家族争斗引起的，他们是兰开斯特家族和约克家族。这两个家族之间的战争叫玫瑰战争。实际上，玫瑰战争这个词是 19 世纪的大作家瓦尔特司考特创造的，但它已被普遍接受。9.Which of the following is not considered a characteristic of farming in the late 18th and ea
37、rly 19th centuries?（分数：1.00）A.The “open-field“ system. B.A system of crop rotation.C.Introduction of artificial fertilizer.D.Introduction of new agricultural machinery.解析：解析 农业是 18 世纪的英国的重要产业，传统的农作方式主要是开放式农田。18 世纪末 19 世纪初，通过圈地法，使得较富有的地主可以夺取佃农的不能证明是合法的土地，并把夺来的土地划入圈地内，至此“开放田地”耕作方式结束，并引进了轮播的耕作制度。这意味着饲料
38、作物的耕种使得牲畜在冬天也可以喂养，土地也得到充分利用，使播种机这样的新型农业机械和化肥使农业更高效更高产。这些都是 18 世纪末 19 世纪初农业方面的特点。10.In 1947 the Truman Administration decided to provide aid for _ to prevent these two countries from falling into the hands of the Soviet Union.（分数：1.00）A.Poland and RomaniaB.Germany and ItalyC.the U.K. and FranceD.Gree
39、ce and Turkey 解析：解析 1947 年，杜鲁门政府决定向希腊和土耳其提供援助，以防止这两个国家落入苏联的手中。11.Which work praised the idea of equality and democracy and also celebrated the dignity, the self-reliant spirit and the joy of the common man?（分数：1.00）A.Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman. B.Self-reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson.C.Life on t
40、he Mississippi by Mark Twain.D.Sister Carrie by Theodore Dreiser.解析：解析 在惠特曼的代表作草叶集中，他颂扬平等、民主的思想，赞美尊严、自主精神和普通人的快乐。12.The feudal system was completely established under after the _ in 1066.（分数：1.00）A.William, Norman Conquest B.Alfred the Great, Anglo-Saxon ConquestC.the Dane, arrival of the DaneD.the
41、Celts, arrival of Pane解析：解析 在威廉统治(10661087)下，英国的封建制度得以完全确立。根据此制度，国王个人拥有全国的有土地。威廉把英国的大片土地分给贵族，条件是贵族保证服役和交租。这一特点限制了贵族权力的扩大。13.Which statement is not true about Ireland?（分数：1.00）A.Ireland is divided into two political units.B.Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom.C.The Republic of Ireland is a
42、n independent country.D.Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of its rich deposit of emeralds. 解析：解析 爱尔兰因其乡村绿树葱郁而称为绿宝石岛。它分为两个政治区域：北爱尔兰和爱尔兰共和国。北爱尔兰是联合王国的一部分。爱尔兰共和国是个独立国家。14._ newspapers are directed at readers who want full information on a wide range of public matters.（分数：1.00）A.Quality B.Popul
43、arC.“Mid-market“D.Tabloid解析：解析 全国性报纸根据其风格和内容不同，通常可分为 3 类：严肃报纸、通俗报纸、中间市场报纸。严肃报纸面向那些想广泛了解公共事务，获取充分信息的读者。15._ is British Columbia“s largest city and the third largest city in Canada.（分数：1.00）A.Vancouver B.TorontoC.Quebec CityD.Montreal解析：解析 温哥华是不列颠哥伦比亚省的最大城市，也是加拿大的第三大城市，它是一个极为重要的不冻港，而且也是加拿大到太平洋的主要通道及太平
44、洋沿岸最大的货运港口。16.In the official statement proclaiming American neutrality, President Wilson said that “we must be _ in thought as well as in action.“（分数：1.00）A.impartial B.partialC.pro-AllyD.isolationist解析：解析 第一次世界大战时，美国采取的是中立政策，1914 年，威尔逊总统发表正式声明，宣布美国保持中立，他说美国“必须保持名副其实的中立”，“我们必须在思想上和行动上保持不偏不倚”。然而美国在行
45、动上不中立，在思想上也不中立。17.The Articles of Confederation in 1781 was unusual because it provided for _.（分数：1.00）A.no king B.a strong central governmentC.civil rightsD.taxation powers解析：解析 邦联条例在许多方面与众不同。(1)它不设国王。(2)例把国会作为中央政府，但仍然侧重各州的权力。(3)邦联条例是美国的一部成文的宪法。当时世界上没有哪个重要国家有成文宪法，包括英国在内。18.There are three political
46、 divisions on the island of Great Britain: Scotland, Wales and _.（分数：1.00）A.IrelandB.Never landC.New ZealandD.England 解析：解析 大不列颠岛上的三个政区为英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。19.There have been _ periods in the history of political parties in the U.S（分数：1.00）A.four B.fiveC.twoD.three解析：解析 考查第 19 章“美国政党制度”的内容。美国的政党历史可以分成 4 个阶段
47、。20.Which of the following is not true of Elizabeth ?（分数：1.00）A.Her religious reform was a compromise of views.B.Her religious reform was welcomed by both the Puritans and ardent Catholics. C.She desired “that there should be outward conformity to the Established religion“.D.She broke Mary“s ties wi
48、th Rome and restored her father“s independent Church of England.解析：解析 伊丽莎白的宗教改革是各种观点的妥协。她中断了玛丽女王与罗马建立的关系，恢复了她父亲建立的独立的英格兰教会。希望英国人“对国教应有表面的顺从，但观点应该是自由的”。她的宗教和解政策既不被极端的清教徒所接受，也不为虔诚的天主教徒所接受。21.Which statement about the Puritans is not true?（分数：1.00）A.The Puritans did not allow religious dissent.B.The Puritans were poor artisans and unskilled peasants. C.They were dissatisfied with the political corruption in England.D.They went to the United States to establish what they considered the true church.解析：解析 清教徒和以工匠和农民为主的首批
