1、英语国家概况自考题-8 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART ONE/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、B(总题数：50，分数：50.00)1.Which of the following tribes came to Britain first? A. Jutes. B. Angles. C. Saxons. D. Teutons.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.In British history, both Saxons and Angels came from _. A. northern Europe B. northern Germany C
2、. southern Europe D. southern Germany（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.On Christmas Day _, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey. A. 1056 B. 1066 C. 1006 D. 1060（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Most of the land belonging to the Saxons was confiscated by William and given to _. A. the Danes B. the Irish C. the Scots D. t
3、he Norman Barons（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.William made the Italian-born _ Archbishop of Canterbury. A. Lanfranc B. Wyclif C. Geoffrey D. Stephen（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.English Parliament began to come into being in _. A. 1258 B. 1264 C. 1265 D. 1266（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.No less than _ nobles of royal blood were ki
4、lled in the Wars of the Roses. A. 80 B. 90 C. 100 D. 110（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.In Britain, the First Civil War was fought between the Roundheads who were the parlia-mentary soldiers led by _, and the Cavaliers who were King Charless supporters. A. John Lilburne B. Oliver Cromwell C. Prince Rupert D. Wil
5、liam Joyce（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The English Civil War has been seen as a conflict between _. A. the Commons and the Lords B. the King and the Barons C. Parliament and the King D. the Crown and the Church（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.After the Restoration, the Parliament passed a series of severe laws called _ ag
6、ainst the Puritans, now known as _. A. the Clarendon Code, Levellers B. Test Act, Levellers C. the Clarendon Code, Nonconformists D. Test Act, Nonconformists（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The law, which joined England and Scotland in 1707, was _. A. the Act of Supremacy B. the Act of Union C. the Reform Act D.
7、 the Magna Carta（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The spinning jenny was invented in 1766 by _. A. James Watt B. James Hargreaves C. John Ray D. Samuel Crompton（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The six points of the Peoples Charter were achieved gradually over the period of _, although the sixth has never been practical. A. 18
8、361848 B. 18421848 C. 18481908 D. 18581918（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Margaret Thatcher believed in self-reliance and what has come to be known as _ in Britain in the 1980s. A. privatization B. collectivization C. nationalization D. government control（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The United Kingdom is governed in the
9、 name of _, by _. A. the king, His Majestys Government B. the Queen, Her Majestys Government C. the Sovereign, Prime Minister D. the Sovereign, His or Her Majestys government（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.The Privy Council remained powerful until the 18th century when most of its work was taken over by the _.
10、A. House of Lords B. House of Commons C. High Court D. Cabinet（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.In Britain, the highest judicial appointments are made by the Queen on the advice of _. A. the Lord Chancellor B. the Prime Minister C. the Speaker D. the Attorney General（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.The important patriotic fes
11、tival in Britain is _. A. St. Georges Day B. St. Patricks Day C. Armistice Day D. Guy Fawkes Day（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Because of _, the population in Ireland shrank from 8. 2 million by 1841 to 6.6 million within the next 20 years. A. the Black Death B. the Crusade C. the Great Famine D. the Great Flo
12、od（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.What is Ireland called in Gaelic? A. Irea. B. Aire. C. Eare. D. Eire.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21._ are also known as the Continental Divide. A. The Rocky Mountains B. The Appalachian Highlands C. The Coast Mountains D. The Blue Mountains（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.In the case of Brown versus B
13、oard of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that _. A. separate educational facilities had been illegal B. educational facilities had been separate but equal C. educational facilities had been equal D. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.In the U.S., the fastest
14、 growing minority group is _. A. the African Americans B. the Hispanic Americans C. the Native Indians D. the Asian Americans（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.The first English colony in America was founded at _. A. Plymouth B. the Massachusetts Bay C. Jamestown D. New York（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.The result of the Wa
15、r with Mexico in 1846 was _. A. American annexation of California and New Mexico B. the independence of California and New Mexico C. a payment of 15 million U. S. dollars to Mexico for the annexation of California and New Mexico D. a payment of 15 million U. S. dollars to Mexico（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.P
16、resident Lincoln was shot dead five days after _. A. he made a speech at Gettysburg B. general Lee, commanding general of the Confederate army surrendered his troops C. the adoption of the thirteenth Amendment D. Robert E. Lee surrendered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.In 1900, the United States ranked first in
17、 the production of _. A. coal B. electricity C. oil D. wheat（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28._ produced the first airplane in 1903. A. Henry Ford B. Rockefeller C. J.P. Morgan D. Wright brothers（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29._ made a reduction of tariffs by 10% for the first time since the Civil War. A. Franklin Roosevelt
18、B. Theodore Roosevelt C. Woodrow Wilson D. Herbert Hoover（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.The goal of Roosevelts New Deal was _. A. to save the American democracy B. to change the American economic system C. to weaken monopoly interests in America D. to nationalize banks and financial institutions in America（分数：
19、1.00）A.B.C.D.31.During the Second World War, American wartime objectives were the total destruction of _ powers and the establishment of a world order after unconditional victory in accord with American ideals and interests. A. Asian B. European C. the Axis D. the Allied（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.32.Marshall
20、Plan was announced on June 5, _. A. 1947 B. 1948 C. 1949 D. 1950（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.33.McCarthyism refers to the anti-Communist hysteria whipped up by Senator McCarthy _. A. after WW B. in the early 1950s C. during WW D. in the 1960s（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.34.The following are the factors that have contribute
21、d to the development of the U.S. economy except _. A. the vast space and resources of the land B. the ideals of freedom and economic opportunity C. English as its national language D. hard work by the people（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.35.The estimated number of people living under the poverty line in 1995 was
22、35.7 million which makes up about _ of the total population. A. 15% B. 10% C. 14% D. 30%（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.36.American Presidents are elected _. A. every two years B. every four years C. every five years D. every six years（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.37.The most central function of the U.S. Congress is _. A. the
23、passage of laws B. discussion of laws C. the execution of laws D. judicial work（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.38.The governing board of school district in the U.S. is responsible for _. A. the hiring of teachers and staff B. the designing of a suitable curriculum C. the compiling and approving of the budget D. al
24、l of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.39.Which of the following is not true about the reason for the rapid growth of the community college? A. The open admission policies. B. The cheap tuition and fees. C. The fixed curriculum structures. D. The wide geographic distribution and convenient locations.（分数：1.0
25、0）A.B.C.D.40.The “new basics“ in the report “A Nation At Risk“ issued in the U.S. refer to _. A. English and mathematics B. science and social studies C. computer science D. all of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.41.Nathaniel Hawthorne was one of those who _ transcendentalism because it glorified absolute
26、 individualism with no regard for social impact. A. supported B. was indifferent to C. attacked D. had nothing to do with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.42._ are associated with Halloween. A. Ghost costumes and witches hats B. Pumpkin Lanterns C. Trick or treat D. All of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.43._, the second
27、largest city of Canada, is located in Quebec. A. Montreal B. Vancouver C. Toronto D. Ottawa（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.44.Canada is made up of _ provinces and _ territories. A. 8, 2 B. 9, 2 C. 10, 2 D. 10, 3（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.45.The name “Canada“ is believed to be derived from an Indian word “Kanata“, meaning _.
28、 A. a settlement B. a country C. a meeting place D. a colony（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.46.Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders people constitute _ of Australias population. A. 1% B. 1.5% C. 2% D. 2.5%（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.47.In recent years Australian governments have encouraged people with different ethnic back
29、grounds to keep their own cultures, this policy is called _. A. Catholicism B. nationalism C. multiculturalism D. multiracism（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.48.Canberra got its name from the word “Canburry“, which an Aboriginal word meaning _. A. “holy site“ B. “capital city“ C. “sunshine state“ D. “meeting place“
30、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.49.New Zealand National Day is also known as _ Day. A. the Great Holiday B. Independence C. the Queens D. Waitangi（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.50._ is now one of the two official languages of Aotearoa in New Zealand. A. Maori B. French C. Holland D. Polynesia（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、BPART TWO/B(总题数：0
31、，分数：0.00)四、B(总题数：10，分数：30.00)51.What was the peculiar feature of the feudal system of England?（分数：3.00）_52.What is the main function of the House of Lords in Britain?（分数：3.00）_53.What is a “copyright“ library in Britain?（分数：3.00）_54.Who was the first king to bring all Ireland under English control?（
32、分数：3.00）_55.What is tariff protection?（分数：3.00）_56.What role has the Constitution played?（分数：3.00）_57.What is the guiding principle of community college?（分数：3.00）_58.What is considered to be the first real American writing?（分数：3.00）_59.What is the built environment?（分数：3.00）_60.Where is the highest
33、peak in New Zealand?（分数：3.00）_五、B(总题数：4，分数：20.00)61.Heptarchy（分数：5.00）_62.Oliver Cromwell（分数：5.00）_63.the New Frontier（分数：5.00）_64.Thanksgiving Day（分数：5.00）_英语国家概况自考题-8 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART ONE/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、B(总题数：50，分数：50.00)1.Which of the following tribes came to Britain first? A.
34、 Jutes. B. Angles. C. Saxons. D. Teutons.（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 四个选项中前三个均是日耳曼部落(Teutonic tribes)，Jutes 人首先到达不列颠。2.In British history, both Saxons and Angels came from _. A. northern Europe B. northern Germany C. southern Europe D. southern Germany（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 英国历史上，盎格鲁人和撒克逊人都来自德国北部。3.On
35、Christmas Day _, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey. A. 1056 B. 1066 C. 1006 D. 1060（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 1066 年圣诞节这天，在威斯敏斯特大教堂，约克大主教为威廉加冕，威廉成为英格兰国王。4.Most of the land belonging to the Saxons was confiscated by William and given to _. A. the Danes B. the Irish C. the Scots D. the Norman
36、 Barons（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 英国公元 1066年的诺曼征服中，征服者威廉没收了几乎所有土地，酬劳他的诺曼亲信和随从，他用强大的诺曼政府取代软弱的撒克逊人统治。5.William made the Italian-born _ Archbishop of Canterbury. A. Lanfranc B. Wyclif C. Geoffrey D. Stephen（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 威廉对教会在英旧的发展深感兴趣，他对教会的政策是完全控制，同时赞成它拥有权力；他让意大利裔的贝克主教(诺曼人)兰佛兰克担任坎特伯雷大主教；他鼓励兰佛兰克
37、用诺曼特色的高效率来管理教会事务。6.English Parliament began to come into being in _. A. 1258 B. 1264 C. 1265 D. 1266（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 1265 年西蒙德孟福尔在威斯敏斯特召集大议会开会，各县有两名骑士，各镇有两名市民参加，此次会议被看作是最早的议会。7.No less than _ nobles of royal blood were killed in the Wars of the Roses. A. 80 B. 90 C. 100 D. 110（分数：1.00）A. B.C.
38、D.解析：解析 玫瑰战争中，不少于 80位皇族血统的贵族阵亡，中世纪的贵族势力被大大削弱，名誉扫地。8.In Britain, the First Civil War was fought between the Roundheads who were the parlia-mentary soldiers led by _, and the Cavaliers who were King Charless supporters. A. John Lilburne B. Oliver Cromwell C. Prince Rupert D. William Joyce（分数：1.00）A.B.
39、 C.D.解析：解析 英国内战中，支持国王者被称为“骑士派”，支持议会者因为留短发被称为“圆颅派”，克伦威尔是它的统帅。9.The English Civil War has been seen as a conflict between _. A. the Commons and the Lords B. the King and the Barons C. Parliament and the King D. the Crown and the Church（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 英国内战反映了议会和国王之间的矛盾。10.After the Restoration,
40、 the Parliament passed a series of severe laws called _ against the Puritans, now known as _. A. the Clarendon Code, Levellers B. Test Act, Levellers C. the Clarendon Code, Nonconformists D. Test Act, Nonconformists（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 1658 年奥利弗克伦威尔去世，1660 年选出的议会要求前国王的儿子从长期流亡地法国回国做国王，称查尔斯二世(16601
41、685)，从而解决了危机。所谓的王朝复辟相对顺利。在查尔斯的统治下英国繁荣。主要由骑士派和他们的儿子组成的议会，通过了一系列称为克莱拉登法典)的法律对付清教徒，即现在的拒不信奉英国国教者。11.The law, which joined England and Scotland in 1707, was _. A. the Act of Supremacy B. the Act of Union C. the Reform Act D. the Magna Carta（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 1702 年，玛丽的妹妹安妮登基。正是在安妮统治时期的 1707年，大不列颠这个
42、名称产生了，这一年的联合法把英格兰和苏格兰统一了起来。12.The spinning jenny was invented in 1766 by _. A. James Watt B. James Hargreaves C. John Ray D. Samuel Crompton（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 英国工业革命时，詹姆士哈格里夫斯的詹妮纺纱机(1766 年)改革了纺纱，使得一个工人同时纺许多线。13.The six points of the Peoples Charter were achieved gradually over the period of _, although the sixth has never been practical. A. 18361848 B. 18421848 C. 18481908 D. 18581918（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 英国的宪章运动中，人民宪章的六项内容在 1858年至 1918年间逐渐实现，但第六项从未成为现实。14.Margaret Thatcher believed in self-reliance and wh
