1、英语写作基础自考题-18 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.The course was not very difficult but I didnt receive a high grade. (periodic sentence)（分数：2.00）_2.I never saw him again. I never heard from him again. (compound sentence)（分数：2.00）_3.Tom is an excellent student. Even Tom could not work ou
2、t the math problem. (simple sentence)（分数：2.00）_4.Mary went to the store. Julie went to the store. Marie went to the store. (one simple sentence)（分数：2.00）_5.It was a poor quarter. There were a lot of small huts. They had mud wall and straw roof. They dotted the hillside. (long sentence)（分数：2.00）_6.A
3、burglar stole into the Davis house last night. The front door was unlocked. (complex sentence)（分数：2.00）_7.There was smoke coming from apartment 2. The manager didnt seem concerned. (compound sentence)（分数：2.00）_8.Students wish to park in the campus parking lots. They must pay for the permit. The camp
4、us police will tag their cars. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：2.00）_9.The economy of Texas is strong. It is also varied. (parallel structure)（分数：2.00）_10.You must take exercise every day to preserve your health. (compound sentence)（分数：2.00）_二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.Daisy was an adult, married, and had
5、a young daughter.（分数：3.00）_12.She paid five dollars for a dress at the county fair that she wanted.（分数：3.00）_13.Glancing out of the window, a beautiful view attracted my attention.（分数：3.00）_14.Sam is planning a weekend trip to Buffalo before he moves to California, he will not see his parents before
6、 the next year.（分数：3.00）_15.You must make your car payment on time. So you will have to pay additional interest.（分数：3.00）_三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the four options below. Write the corresponding letter of your choice on the Answer Sheet. A. Thousands of scholars and
7、students have gone to foreign countries to study. B. Many people are sparing no effort in applying for going abroad. C. A large number of people went to the U. S D. In recent years, studying abroad had flourished.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.17.Read the following paragraph and write the topic sentence on the An
8、swer Sheet. The young have some notable qualities of their own. They have a strong passion for learning and are always posing questions about things that the old take for granted. They are sensitive to the ills of our society and are always ready to do something to change them. But they are poorly e
9、quipped to cope with the problems they meet. They see much that is wrong with the lives of their parent generation. In their efforts to add more meaning and colour to their lives, they keep trying new ideas and new ways of doing things.（分数：5.00）_18.Read the following paragraph and choose the best to
10、pic sentence from the four options that follow. Write the corresponding letter of your choice on the Answer Sheet.They always complained more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a final say. And the young felt that the
11、ir parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships. A. The criticisms to their parents can be kept out
12、of the young peoples mind in following ways. B. It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. C. There are so many criticisms to their parents among the young people. D. Young people have gotten enough reasons
13、 to criticize their parents.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.四、B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)19.Rearrange the following sentences so that they read logically. Write the corresponding letters in a proper sequence on the Answer Sheet. The positions of some sentences have been given.A. From high above the Earth and from the Moon, t
14、he planet gleams and shines.B. It is the reason that people can live on this planet.C. Water is in rock deep under the ground, in natural holding areain shortage. In a real sense, water keeps the Earth alive.D. The blue water in the ocean and the sea of the Earth makes a dramatic image.E. Water is e
15、verywhere, it is in the air that people breathe; it is in the soil, and the ground that people cultivate.F. Water is the source of this beauty and the source of life on the Earth.G. Earth looks like a big blue marble.H. The white clouds above the Earth add beauty to the picture. H D F（分数：5.00）_五、B(总
16、题数：1，分数：5.00)20.Read the following paragraph and write the TWO irrelevant sentences on the Answer Sheet. “Thank you“ is used much more frequently in the West than in China. When anyone does something for you, no matter how small and no matter whether he is a superior or a servant, it is proper to sa
17、y “Thank you“. It is important for a person to hold good manners anywhere or anytime both in China and the west. Good manners is one of the traditional virtues of Chinese. For example, you would say “Thank you“ in any of the following circumstances: if someone picked up and handed to you something y
18、ou had dropped; if your neighbor at table or a servant passed some food to you; if someone showed you the way to go; if a member of the family, even if quite young, brought you something you wanted; if the postman handed you a letter; if a clerk in a store handed you the article you had bought. When
19、 anything is offered to you, it is not polite to say, “I dont want it“, as Chinese manners would allow. You should say, “Yes, thank you,“ if you wish it; or “No, thank you,“ if you refuse it. So, as college students, we should keep the “Thank you“ in our minds and practice it over and over.（分数：5.00）
20、_六、B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)21.You (Karl) want to invite Mike and his wife (Nancy) to spend the weekend of July 20th together at Park Beach. Write a letter within 150200 words to invite them, your letter should include the following points: (1)Tell them that the Turners will be there, too. (2)What will be y
21、our plan? (3)Ask him to bring his tennis racquet. (4)Tell them the train timetable.（分数：40.00）_英语写作基础自考题-18 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.The course was not very difficult but I didnt receive a high grade. (periodic sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(Although I didnt receive a high grade, the
22、 course was not very difficult.)解析：解析 所谓掉尾句，是指只有读到句子末尾，才能明白整个句子意思的一种句子类型。大多数的松散句，都可以通过把状语或状语从句移至句首的方法来改成掉尾句。本题在改动时应先将 but改为连词although用以引导让步状语从句，再将此从句移至句首。译文：虽然我没有得到高分，但课程并不难。2.I never saw him again. I never heard from him again. (compound sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(I never saw him again, nor did I hea
23、r from him again.)解析：解析 原句是两个简单句，简单句合并成并列句通常由逗号加一个连接同连接而成，本题即属于这种情况。需要注意的是原句都是表否定意义的句子，并且两句之间是并列关系，故连接词用 nor(注：由 nor引导的句子要采用倒装语序)。3.Tom is an excellent student. Even Tom could not work out the math problem. (simple sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(Tom, an excellent student, could not work out the maths prob
24、lem.)解析：解析 原句是两个简单句，要求合并成一个简单句。简单句一般只有一个主语和一个动词结构，故需把一个句子缩减放入另一个句子中，并且不能占据另一个句子的主谓语成分。本题中，an excellent student作新句子主语的同位语。译文：即便是汤姆，这个优秀的学生，也解不出这道数学题。4.Mary went to the store. Julie went to the store. Marie went to the store. (one simple sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(Mary, Julie, and Marie went to the stor
25、e.)解析：解析 简单句也可以有两个或两个以上的主语或谓语动词。本题原句是三个简单句，主语不同，谓语相同，在合并成新简单句时，只需对主语部分进行合并即可。5.It was a poor quarter. There were a lot of small huts. They had mud wall and straw roof. They dotted the hillside. (long sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(A lot of small huts with mud wall and straw roof dotted the hillside in the
26、 poor quarter.)解析：解析 本题是考查将几个独立短句合并成一个长句的能力。(1)将短句合并为长句，首先，要选定短句中的一句作为合并后的长句的主干；然后，再根据实际情况，用并列连词、从属连词、非谓语动词形式、介词短语或名词性从句等将其他短句变为主干句的修饰成分即可。(2)本题中，选定的主干句是：They dotted the hillside然后再应用介词短语，将其他几个短句变为主干句的修饰成分即可。6.A burglar stole into the Davis house last night. The front door was unlocked. (complex sen
27、tence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(A burglar stole into the Davis house last night because the front door was unlocked.)解析：解析 原句是两个简单句，要求是将它们变成复合句。复合句是含有从句和主句的句子，主句部分常常是一句话的中心所在。从句部分由从属连词引导。原句中两句之间是因果关系，故选用连词because。译文：昨晚一个盗贼偷偷进了戴维斯的家，因前面的门没有锁。7.There was smoke coming from apartment 2. The manager didnt seem con
28、cerned. (compound sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(There was smoking coming from apartment 2, but the manager didnt seem concerned.)解析：解析 原句是两个简单句，要求变为并列句。并列句通常由逗号加一个并列连接词连接而成。原句两句话之间是转折关系，二单元有烟出来本应引起经理的注意，但经理并未注意，故选用 but。8.Students wish to park in the campus parking lots. They must pay for the permit. The
29、campus police will tag their cars. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(If students wish to park in the campus parking lots, they must pay for the permit, or the campus police will tag their cars.)解析：解析 本题考查对 compound-complex sentence的掌握和运用。(1)了解并列复合句的构成：并列复合句可以是一个简单句与一个主从复合句用并列连接词连接起来的，也可以是两个
30、主从复合句的并列；(2)题目原句中的三个句子都是简单句，要想使之成为一个并列复合句，就必须先将其中的两个简单句合成为一个复合句，然后将之再和第三个简单句用并列连词连接。这样就合成了并列复合句。先将第一、二句用从属连词“if”连接成为 complex sentence(复合句)，再将之用并列连词“or”与第三句并列即可。9.The economy of Texas is strong. It is also varied. (parallel structure)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(The economy of Texas is strong and varied.)解析：解析 原句
31、是两个简单句，在变为平行结构时，首先应注意将哪些部分平行。从题目不难看出前后两句的主语和谓语相同，所不同的是表语部分，改为并列结构时要将表语部分并列；故只需将第二个形容词 varied与第一句话中的 strong并列，中间加入连词 and即可。10.You must take exercise every day to preserve your health. (compound sentence)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(You must take exercise every day or you wont preserve your health.)解析：解析 原句是一个简单句，
32、要求变为一个并列句。并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句合并而成，并且这几部分在句子的的分量相当，中间连接它们的通常是并列连词。本题难点在于原句并不是两个简单句而是一个简单句，需要考生根据句子内部逻辑关系来判断。原句含有一个不定式表目的。在变为并列句时根据句意可将此部分转化为由 or引导的并列句。二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.Daisy was an adult, married, and had a young daughter.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(Daisy was a married adult, and had a young daughter.)解析：解析 本题目
33、考查对错误平行结构(faulty parallelism)的识别和修正。(1)了解错误平行结构产生的原因：平行结构(parallelism)是把两个或两个以上意思并列的成分用同等语法形式来表达，如果意思上并列的成分用不同的语法形式来表达，就破坏了其平行结构；(2)either.or，neither.nor，not only.but also，both.and 等关联并列连接词(correlative conjunction)用于连接意思并列的成分，所以每个连词后所跟的成分必须有相同的语法形式；(3)题目原句中连词 and后是动词+形容词+宾语的动宾结构，根据相关要求，and 前也应该是动词+形
34、容词+宾语的结构，故而该为 was a married adult。12.She paid five dollars for a dress at the county fair that she wanted.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(At the county fair, she paid five dollars for a dress that she wanted.)解析：解析 本题是考查对错置修饰语(misplaced modifiers)的识别和修正。(1)修饰语(主要是定语和状语)应当与被修饰的成分相邻(定语)或是尽可能地接近(状语)，若打破这一规则，句子就可能产生歧义。
35、(2)题目中的定语从句(that she wanted)所修饰的应该是 dress而不是 county fair，根据相关原则，把at the county fair置于全句之首，既保证了定语从句和其先行词的紧密相接，又符合地点状语前置的表达方式。13.Glancing out of the window, a beautiful view attracted my attention.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(Glancing out of the window, I was attracted by a beautiful view.)解析：解析 本题是考查对垂悬修饰语(dangli
36、ng modifier)的识别和修正。(1)了解垂悬修饰语的特点：修饰语在句中找不到逻辑上被修饰的对象。分词结构、不定式结构和介词短语做修饰语修饰句子时，易发生垂悬修饰现象；(2)修正时，可调整句子的主语，使之与上述结构或短语的逻辑主语一致；也可将分词结构、不定式结构或介词短语带上自己的逻辑主语，将其扩展成从句；(3)原句中做修饰语的分词结构Glancing out of the window的逻辑主语与句子主语 a beautiful view不一致，所以可将句子主语调整为 I，或将句子主语保持不变，使 Glancing out of the window带上自己的逻辑主语。14.Sam i
37、s planning a weekend trip to Buffalo before he moves to California, he will not see his parents before the next year.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(Sam is planning a weekend trip to Buffalo before he moves to California, for he will not his parents before the next year.)解析：解析 本题是考查对串句(run-on sentence)的识别与修正。(1)任何两
38、个分句之间，都应该有表明分句之间关系的连接词(并列连词或从属连词)，否则，就形成了串句；(2)改正串句的方法并非是惟一的，我们可以根据分句之间的关系，加入适当的连词，也可以改变标点符号，将每一个分句写为独立完整的句子；(3)题目中前后两个分句是因果关系，所以加入并列连词 for使原句成为一个并列句。也可将句中的逗号改为句号，或是用 because取代句中的逗号等。15.You must make your car payment on time. So you will have to pay additional interest.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(You must make
39、your car payment on time. Otherwise, you will have to pay additional interest.)解析：解析 本题是考查对破句(fragmentary sentence)的识别和修正。(1)了解破句的特点：把句子的一部分(包括非谓语动词结构、并列句或是复合句中的一个分句、介词短语等)当成了一个句子。英语中一个完整的句子通常必须至少要包含“主语+谓语”结构，否则就是破句(fragmentary sentence)；(2)题目中是把并列句当中的一个分句 So you will have to pay additional interest.当成了一个完整的句子。三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the four options below. Write the corresponding letter of your choice on the Answer Sheet. A. Th
