1、英语写作基础自考题-13 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.She got a medal in the Olympic Games, according to China Daily reports. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_2.Despite its shortcomings, education remains the single best means of economic advancement. (loose sentence)（分数：1.50）_3.I need a book. Th
2、e book must be interesting and instructive. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_4.We are watering the trees. We dont have any rain for a month. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_5.Entering the house, I saw him sitting on the sofa watching TV. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_6.The plane began to shake noticeably as so
3、on as it lifted off the runway. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_7.We reluctantly accepted our employees request. They requested for extended coffee breaks. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_8.My son is studying computer science. My daughter is majoring in communication. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_9.The next
4、 day, Mrs. Harris got up and sat on the edge of her bed. Her head began to swim. She lay down again. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_10.Smith forgot his wedding anniversary for the tenth straight year. Smiths wife was extremely angry. She made Smith spend a week sleeping on the porch. (compound
5、-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.Professor Kent entered the classroom he held the final exams in his hand.（分数：3.00）_12.I went back home. To see it for the first time.（分数：3.00）_13.Our schools computers are more advanced than your school.（分数：3.00）_14.Relieved of your responsibilities
6、at your job, your home should be a place to relax.（分数：3.00）_15.Bill asked for a loan. Which he promised to pay back in two weeks.（分数：3.00）_三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. A. The new restaurant has somet
7、hing for all ages. B. Each child gets a coloring book. C. Anyone over 60 gets seated immediately on arrival. D. The middle-aged get a 90 percent discount. Answer: _（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_17.Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. Americans might be embarrassed because their Japanese
8、friends are so formal with them. Japanese might feel insulted because American acquaintances greet them casually. Still, the forms of greeting in both countries only show respect for others. It just happens that Americans and Japanese have a different way of looking at human relationships and thus h
9、ave a different way of showing respect.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_18.Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. Topic Sentence: _ “Music,“ the teacher would tell his p
10、upils, “is a state of being. It is not so much knowledge and know-how. If you want to be good at playing an instrument, let music get hold of you first and this will in turn get hold your muscles and make them produce the music that is now inside you. How can music come out of an instrument if it is
11、 not first put into it? And who is to put it there? The composer, the maker of the instrument, the printed score of the player?“ A. If you want to be good at playing an instrument, let music get hold of you first. B. It is about stages of learning to play an instrument. C. Only when the player puts
12、the music into the instrument, can music come out of it. D. Only when the maker of the instrument puts the music into the instrument, can music come out of it.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_四、B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)19.I was staying at a hotel in New York. 20. There, they are afraid to walk on the streets at night. 21. I
13、took a taxi, and thats for a five-minute walk. 22. It was very close to my sisters apartment, in fact, it was only five minutes walk away. 23. In New York more than in other citiesbut it is also true of other large citiespeople are afraid. 24. I would pay a dollar and twenty cents taxi fare to such
14、a short way, and that was because people said it was too dangerous to walk on the streets. 25. But if I left the apartment house after 9:30 or 10 o clock at night, I didnt walk. 26. They are afraid theyll be robbed or hit on the head and robbed. 19 22 25（分数：5.00）_五、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)20.Lasers have fo
15、und widespread application in medicine. Lasers play an important role in the treatment of eye disease and the prevention of blindness. The eye is ideally suited for laser surgery. Most of the eye tissue is transparent. The frequency and focus of the laser beam can be adjusted according to the absorp
16、tion of the tissue. Actually the common people can hardly tell who was the first to discover lasers. The beam “cuts“ inside the eye with minimal damage to the surrounding tissueeven the tissue between the laser and the incision. Lasers are effective in treating some causes of blindness. Other treatm
17、ents are not. The interaction between laser light and eye tissue is not fully understood.（分数：10.00）_六、B(总题数：1，分数：30.00)21.Your name is Wang Feng. You are a student of Beijing University. Mary is your friend. She is a student of New York University. Write a letter to tell her about your campus life.
18、(150200 words)（分数：30.00）_英语写作基础自考题-13 答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.She got a medal in the Olympic Games, according to China Daily reports. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(According to China Daily reports, she got a medal in the Olympic Games.)解析：解析 此题要求把松散句改写为掉尾句，即把句子里主要思想或要说的东西
19、从句首移到句尾。2.Despite its shortcomings, education remains the single best means of economic advancement. (loose sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Education remains the single best means of economic advancement despite its shortcomings.)解析：解析 译文：尽管教育有缺陷，但这是经济发展的惟一最有利方式。本句是一个掉尾句，要求将它变为一个松散句。掉尾句和松散句的主要区别是主要观点的位置不同。
20、当句子结构为“基本结构+修饰语”时，主要观点体现在基本结构上，修饰可以是状语从句，也可以是其他结构，如不定式。要将掉尾句变为松散句，只需要将修饰语后置即可。在本句中，只需要将 despite引导的时间状语从句后置即可。3.I need a book. The book must be interesting and instructive. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(I need an interesting and instructive book.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改为简单句。前面一句是说我需要一本书，后面一句是对书的要求，所以很容易就可以
21、判断出在合并两句话的时候应该把后一句对书的限制提到前一句作书的定语。4.We are watering the trees. We dont have any rain for a month. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(We are watering the trees, for we dont have rain for a month.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改写成并列句，并列句是由两个以上的简单句合并而成的句子，它的合并方式通常是由逗号加一个连接词(and，but，for，nor，or，so，yet)，或由句子衔接词、分号来连接两个分句。
22、前后两个句子不分主从，重量相当。根据这两句话的意思，可以判断出这两句话之间是因果关系，因此应选用表因果关系的并列连词 for来连接前后两个句子。5.Entering the house, I saw him sitting on the sofa watching TV. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(When I entered the house, I saw him sitting on the sofa watching TV.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改写为复合句，要求含有主从句，因此可以把-ing 形式的伴随状语改写为状语从句。由于时间状语是
23、一个时间点，所以选用从属连词 when，而不是 while。6.The plane began to shake noticeably as soon as it lifted off the runway. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(As soon as the plane lifted off the runway, it began to shake noticeably.)解析：解析 此题要求把松散句改为掉尾句，即把句子最关键的东西移至句尾。7.We reluctantly accepted our employees request. Th
24、ey requested for extended coffee breaks. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(We reluctantly accepted our employees request for extended coffee breaks.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改为简单句。在此题中，主要是把前后两个句子合并为一句话，并且在这句话中只能有一套主谓结构。只要把后一句话中修饰 request的短语“extended coffee break”移到前一句，修饰前一句的 request即可。8.My son is studying comput
25、er science. My daughter is majoring in communication. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(My son is studying computer science, and my daughter is majoring in communication.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改写成并列句，并列句是由两个以上的简单句合并而成的句子，它的合并方式通常是由逗号加一个连接词(and，but，for，nor，or，so，yet)，或由句子衔接词、分号来连接两个分句。前后两个句子不分主从，重量相当。根据句子意思判
26、断，这两句话之间是并列关系，所以用并列连词 and来连接。9.The next day, Mrs. Harris got up and sat on the edge of her bed. Her head began to swim. She lay down again. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(The next day, when Mrs. Harris got up and sat on the edge of her bed, her head began to swim and she lay down again./
27、The next day, Mrs. Harris got up and sat on the edge of her bed, but her head began to swim, so she lay down again.)解析：解析 首先来看译文。第二天，Harris 太太起了床，然后坐在床边上。她的头开始晕起来。她就又躺了下来。此题要求将三个简单句改为一个并列复合句。并列复合句中包含并列句和复合句，并列句的句子之间地位平等或顺承；复合句的句子之间是主从关系，即有一个主要动作，还有一个次要动作。根据逻辑关系，began to swim 和 lay down是主要动作，而 got up
28、 and sat表示它们的时间，用从属连词when来连接，两个主要动作之间是顺承关系，这种关系常用 and连接。10.Smith forgot his wedding anniversary for the tenth straight year. Smiths wife was extremely angry. She made Smith spend a week sleeping on the porch. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Smith forgot his wedding anniversary for the ten
29、th straight year, and his wife was extremely angry, so she made him spend a week sleeping on the porch./Because Smith forgot his wedding anniversary for the tenth straight year, his wife was extremely angry, and she made him spend a week sleeping on the porch./Because Smith forgot his wedding annive
30、rsary for the tenth straight year, his wife was so angry that she made him spend a week sleeping on the porch.)解析：解析 译文：史密斯连续 10年都忘记了他的结婚纪念日。史密斯的妻子非常生气。她惩罚史密斯睡门廊一个星期。原句是三个简单句，要求变为并列复合句。简单句变为并列复合句时，应注意哪些部分应并列，哪些部分应复合。从本题句子之间的逻辑关系上看，第一句和第二句是并列关系，前两句与第三句是因果关系。本题有多个答案。比如第一二句可以用连词 and连接作并列部分；第三句和第一、二句用so
31、来连接作复合部分。二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.Professor Kent entered the classroom he held the final exams in his hand.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(Professor Kent entered the classroom, and he held the final exams in his hand.)解析：解析 这是一个无标点的串句。串句是一种错句，即在没有连接词或标点符号的情况下将两个或两个以上独立的单句串在一起。这种错句常使读者困惑，说不清哪里该止，哪里该起。避免串句主要有 3种方法：(1)句号
32、与大写；(2)逗号与连接词；(3)使用分号。此句在改正时可以采用第(2)种办法，可以添加连词 and使句子前后两都分成为两个并列句。12.I went back home. To see it for the first time.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(To see it for the first time, I went back home.)解析：解析 这是一个由不定式引起的破句。当 to出现于一组词的开始或靠近开始的地方，有时会产生破句，改正的方法是将不定式部分与其前的一组词连接起来。13.Our schools computers are more advanced tha
33、n your school.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(Our schools computers are more advanced than your schools.)解析：解析 本题属于错用平行结构导致的病句。more.than.结构在比较两个事物时，两个事物的性质要求相同。根据句意，该题显然是对两个学校的计算机进行比较，而后面的句子被比较对象成了your school显然不妥，应改为所有格形式 your schools用以代替 your schools computers。14.Relieved of your responsibilities at your job, your
34、 home should be a place to relax.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(Relieved of your responsibilities at your job, you should be able to relax at home.)解析：解析 此句属于垂悬修饰语(Dangling Modifiers)中的垂悬分词错误。垂悬修饰语即修饰语在句中找不到逻辑上被修饰的对象，改正方法通常有两种：(1)明确动作的实施者，使主语成为垂悬部分所修饰的对象；(2)将省略句或分词词组扩展成从句。从工作责任中解脱出来的不应该是你的家，而是你自己，所以主句的主语应该换成 you。1
35、5.Bill asked for a loan. Which he promised to pay back in two weeks.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(Bill asked for a loan, which he promised to pay back in two weeks.)解析：解析 这是一个由从属连词引起的破句。从属连词是用来引导从句的，一个句子中仅有从句是不完整的，语法不合乎要求，语义也不完整，修正这类破句的办法是为其增补主句，也可以通过删除从属连词，使句子的前后两部分通过其他方式来连接。在此题中，想让句子的前后两部分连接起来只需把前一句的句号改为逗号，后一句的
36、第一个单词小写即可，因为后一句本来就是一个定语从句。三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. A. The new restaurant has something for all ages. B. Each child gets a coloring book. C. Anyone over 60 gets seated immediately on arrival. D. T
37、he middle-aged get a 90 percent discount. Answer: _（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）解析：解析 主题句是一段话中最具概括性的话语，但主题句过于宽或者过于窄都不能算作好的主题句。主题句过宽，一段话显然是不会把它发展充分的；主题句过窄，显然提供不出足够的细节对它进一步发展。在这道题中，我们可以看出 B、C、D 三个选项都是对 A选项的举例说明，A 选项是说新建的餐馆为各个年龄段的人都准备了礼物。B 选项紧接着说儿童可以得到有彩色插图的书，C 选项是说年过 60的人一进餐馆就有座位，D 选项是说中年人打九折。答案为 A。17.Rea
38、d the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. Americans might be embarrassed because their Japanese friends are so formal with them. Japanese might feel insulted because American acquaintances greet them casually. Still, the forms of greeting in both countries only show respect for oth
39、ers. It just happens that Americans and Japanese have a different way of looking at human relationships and thus have a different way of showing respect.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：It just happens that Americans and Japanese have a different way of looking at human relationships and thus have a different way of showing respect.）解析：解析 主题句是段落中表达中心思想的句子，它告诉读者这段话讲的是什么，统率全段。段落中的其他句子都应与主题句所提出的思想有关，说明它，展开它，为它服务。主题句通常位于段首，但有时也出现在段中或者段尾。在这段话中，前面几句主要是说美国人会因为日本人太正式而尴尬，而日本
