1、英语写作基础自考题-12 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.Summer is the most enjoyable season for many people. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_2.When he saw the thief, he called the police. (loose sentence)（分数：1.50）_3.He invented the paint roller. It was truly remarkable. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_
2、4.The children started arguing. I made them turn off the TV. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_5.He stumbled into his bed after his long walk, tired and sleepy. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_6.The steel mill closed last week. Now two hundred people are out of work. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_7.Benjamin
3、Franklin invented several things. One of them was bifocal glasses. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_8.Eating breakfast, she began to feel sick. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_9.The film projector broke for a second time in the cinema. Some people in the audience hissed, and others made catcalls. (compound-co
4、mplex sentence)（分数：1.50）_10.He hated evening self-study classes. The road to school was long. There were no lights lining the road. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.Roy found the missing wheel, it had rolled under the bed（分数：3.00）_12.Then she went on nervously with her work
5、. Knitting.（分数：3.00）_13.In the evening we would swim in the lake and dancing afterward.（分数：3.00）_14.Learning to spell English words, spelling rules must be memorized.（分数：3.00）_15.He talked for fifty minutes without taking his eyes off his notes. Apparently not noticing that half the class was asleep
6、.（分数：3.00）_三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. A. Today many women go out to work. B. Today a woman can do any job a man can do, providing it does not require brute strength. C. Women are supposed to stay a
7、t home. D. Most working women in business are doing lower management jobs. Answer: _（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_17.Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. Most people think that being a department store salesperson is not a difficult job, but from my experience I know that it takes time,
8、effort, and patience to be successful. Once you have helped the customers, you have to ring up and bag the merchandise, then be sure to thank them. You also have to help with displaying the merchandise attractively, with putting out new lines, with taking inventory, with keeping stock organized, and
9、 with keeping the counter area clean and tidy. You have to know what is in stock and what needs to be put out. Then, too, a salesperson must be courteous when a customer is unreasonable and demanding. As you can see, a salesperson does more than just stand around and ring up others.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_1
10、8.Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. Topic Sentence: _ At the turn of the century were faced with many problems, social and economical, of which env
11、ironmental pollution might be the most critical and vital. Every day when we look up, the sky is sadly gray. The moment we walk on the pavement or ride a bike in the street, we will smell the strongly thick gas emitted out of cars and trucks, along with much terrible noise. Each time we turn on TV,
12、a couple of bad news about global warmth and acid rains will flow into our ears. Our earth, as a single homeland we are able to count on now, is sufficiently eroded by air and land pollution. A. Were faced with many serious problems. B. It is high time for us human beings to protect our own homeland
13、, the earth. C. Air pollution is becoming increasingly serious. D. We must protect our land from erosion.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_四、B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)19.Next, it greatly boosts the morale of our people. 20. Strong sense of patriotism sweeps China with the force of an avalanche. 21. Why couldnt she be a moderni
14、zed China soon? Whats more, the success has laid a firm foundation for Beijing to host the 2008 Olympic Games. 22. The successful stories of the Olympic Medallists fuel nationalism. 23. Through TV, people all over the world know more about New China, especially the dramatic progress made in the past
15、 two decades. 24. China, a weak nation in sports in the past, has rapidly risen up and become one of the sports giants. 25. Billions of Chinese witnessed how the former ugly ducklings became beautiful swans, how common kids became national heroes. 26. Our success in the 27th Olympic Games is far bey
16、ond sports. First, the glory greatly enhances the international prestige of China. 25 20 22（分数：5.00）_五、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)20.Packaging is an important form of advertising. A package can sometimes motivate someone to buy a product. Advertising plays an important role in sales promotion. For example, a
17、small child might ask for a breakfast food that comes in a box with a picture of a TV character. The child is more interested in the picture than in breakfast food. Pictures for children to colour or cut out, games printed on a package, or small gifts inside a box also motivate many children to buy
18、productsor to ask their parents for them. Children are fond of beautiful pictures.（分数：10.00）_六、B(总题数：1，分数：30.00)21.Your name is Wang Ping. You are a student of Henan University, doing a survey of technical firms that specialize in designing new products. Write a letter to Product Development Divisio
19、n, Tractor Plant in Luoyang, asking them to provide information about their ways of encouraging creativity and motivation in the research teams that develop consumer product lines. (150200 words)（分数：30.00）_英语写作基础自考题-12 答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.Summer is the most enjoyable seaso
20、n for many people. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(For many people, summer is the most enjoyable season.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改为掉尾句。即把句子的中心意思移到句尾，“summer is the most enjoyable season”是这句话的中心意思，所以把它移到句尾。2.When he saw the thief, he called the police. (loose sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(He called the police whe
21、n he saw the thief.)解析：解析 原句是个掉尾句，要求转化为松散句。根据松散句转变为掉尾句的规则，采取逆向思维法，在掉尾句转变为松散句时只需要把主句前移，从句放在主句后即可。3.He invented the paint roller. It was truly remarkable. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(He invented the truly remarkable paint roller.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改为简单句。简单句是最基本的句子类型，至少是含有主语、谓语动词的独立的、有意义的句子。简单句可以有一个以上的
22、主语，也可以有一个以上的动词，与并列句相比，简单句中不能出现连接两个句子的连词，无论是从属连词还是并列连词。在此题中，可以把后一句话加到前一句话中，用 truly remarkable作 the paint roller的定语。4.The children started arguing. I made them turn off the TV. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(The children started arguing, and so I made them turn off the TV.)解析：解析 “因为孩子们开始争吵，(所以)我命令
23、他们关掉了电视。”由意思可以判断出前后两句是因果关系，因此选用表因果的连词 so。5.He stumbled into his bed after his long walk, tired and sleepy. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(After his long walk, tired and sleepy, he stumbled into his bed.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改为掉尾句。即把句子的中心意思移到句尾，“he stumbled into his bed after his long walk”是这句话的中心意思，所以把它
24、移到句尾。6.The steel mill closed last week. Now two hundred people are out of work. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(The steel mill closed last week, and now two hundred people are out of work.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改为并列句。前一句是钢厂上周关闭了，后一句是现在有二百人失业。这两句是顺承关系，选用表顺承的连词 and即可。7.Benjamin Franklin invented several thi
25、ngs. One of them was bifocal glasses. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Among several other things, Benjamin Franklin invented bifocal glasses.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改为简单句。如何把第二句话改为第一句话中的一个句子成分是关键。在此句中，最好是把第二句话当作宾语，把前一句话的宾语改为状语。8.Eating breakfast, she began to feel sick. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Whil
26、e she was eating breakfast, she began to feel sick.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改为复合句，复合句要求句子含有主句和从句，主句部分通常是一句话的中心部分；从句部分由从属连词引导，从句一般放在句首，并用逗号与主句隔开。选择恰当的从属连词是关键，从句意和 ing分词作状语可以看出要选择表示时间段的从属连词 while。9.The film projector broke for a second time in the cinema. Some people in the audience hissed, and others made catca
27、lls. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(When the film projector broke for a second time in the cinema, Some people in the audience hissed, and others made catcalls.)解析：解析 原句由一个简单句和一个并列句构成，要求合并成为并列复合句。从句意上看，第一个简单句应为第二个并列句发生的时间状语，故用连词 when来引导这个状语从句即可。译文：当影院的电影放映机又一次坏了时，一些观众发出“咝咝”声；另一些观众则发出嘘声。1
28、0.He hated evening self-study classes. The road to school was long. There were no lights lining the road. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(He hated evening self-study classes because the road to school was long and there were no lights lining the road.)解析：解析 首先来看译文，他很讨厌晚上的自习课。去学校的路太长了。路上没有
29、灯。原句是三个简单句，它们各自有一套主谓结构，要求把他们变成并列复合句。并列复合句指一个句子既含有并列关系，又含复合关系。并列句可由 and，but，or，nor，so，for，或 yet等并列连词连接，而复合句则由when，after，since 等从属连词连接。做这类题的关键，就是根据逻辑关系，来确定这些连词。根据句意，后两句是第一句的原因，用 because连接，而 no lights和 long之间是并列关系，用 and连接。二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.Roy found the missing wheel, it had rolled under the bed（分数
30、：3.00）_正确答案：(Roy found the missing wheel. It had rolled under the bed.)解析：解析 这是一个逗号割裂句。逗号割裂句是串句的一种，串句是一种错句，即在没有连接词或标点符号的情况下将两个或两个以上独立的单句串在一起。这种错句常使读者困惑，说不清哪里该止，哪里该起。避免串句主要有 3种方法：(1)句号与大写；(2)逗号与连接词；(3)使用分号。这句话改正时可以采用第一种方法，把逗号后面的句子改成独立的句子。12.Then she went on nervously with her work. Knitting.（分数：3.00）
31、_正确答案：(Then she went on nervously with her knitting.)解析：解析 这是一个由-ing 分词引起的破句。当-ing 分词处于一组词的首位或靠近首位时就有可能出现破句。这样的句子缺少主语或谓语动词的一部分，不完整，改正这类破句的方法有三个：(1)让破句与其前或其后的句子连接起来，使意思完整；(2)增添主句，把-ing 部分变为动词的正确形式；(3)把 being改为 be的恰当形式。在此病句中，只有 knitting这个-ing 形式，弄不清楚它是主语还是谓语，根据前句意思，它应该是动名词形式，修改时可将其与前句合并。13.In the even
32、ing we would swim in the lake and dancing afterward.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(In the evening we would swim in the lake and dance afterward.)解析：解析 本题的错误为错用平行结构。平行结构要求平行结构部分语法功能相同。本句中，and 连接两个并列的谓语，它前面用动词原形 swim，后面就不能用动名词 dancing，应把它改为原形 dance。14.Learning to spell English words, spelling rules must be memorized
33、.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(When learning to spell English words, one (you) should memorize spelling rules.)解析：解析 此句属于垂悬修饰语(Dangling Modifiers)中的垂悬分词错误。垂悬修饰语即修饰语在句中找不到逻辑上被修饰的对象，改正方法通常有两种：(1)明确动作的实施者，使主语成为垂悬部分所修饰的对象；(2)将省略句或分词词组扩展成从句。在这句话中，分词短语显然不应该修饰“spelling rules”，而应该修饰的是人，所以可以采用第二种修改方法，使主语成为垂悬分词的修饰对象。主语可以是第
34、二人称 you，也可以是不定代词 one。15.He talked for fifty minutes without taking his eyes off his notes. Apparently not noticing that half the class was asleep.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(He talked for fifty minutes without taking his eyes off his notes. Apparently he did not notice that half the class was asleep.)解析：解析 此句是由
35、-ing 分词引起的破句。三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. A. Today many women go out to work. B. Today a woman can do any job a man can do, providing it does not require brute strength. C. Women are supposed to stay
36、 at home. D. Most working women in business are doing lower management jobs. Answer: _（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）解析：解析 主题句是一段话中最具概括性的话语，但主题句过于宽或者过于窄都不能算作好的主题句。主题句过宽，一段话显然是不会把它发展充分的；主题句过窄，显然提供不出足够的细节对它进一步发展。A选项是说如今很多妇女都外出工作。这个显然不适合做主题句，因为范围太大，接下来可以描述为什么妇女外出工作，也可以描述她们做什么工作，甚至可以论述她们出去工作了家务活怎么办等等。选项 C也不行，
37、范围太窄无法展开，只说传统观点认为妇女应该待在家里。D 选项也是同样的问题，太具体，无法展开。答案为 B。17.Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. Most people think that being a department store salesperson is not a difficult job, but from my experience I know that it takes time, effort, and patience to be successful. Once you
38、 have helped the customers, you have to ring up and bag the merchandise, then be sure to thank them. You also have to help with displaying the merchandise attractively, with putting out new lines, with taking inventory, with keeping stock organized, and with keeping the counter area clean and tidy.
39、You have to know what is in stock and what needs to be put out. Then, too, a salesperson must be courteous when a customer is unreasonable and demanding. As you can see, a salesperson does more than just stand around and ring up others.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Most people think that being a department store salesperson is not a difficult job, but from my experience I know that it takes time, effort, and patience to be successful.）解析：解析 主题句是一段话中具有概括性的话语，一定要以理解段落的意思为前提，因为主题句的位置
