1、英语写作基础自考题-11 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.I began reading my favorite novel as soon as I got home from school. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_2.Han Solo is one of the heroes of Star Wars. He is a brave but self-centered pilot. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_3.At midnight my roommate clo
2、sed her books. I studied until 2 a.m. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_4.Zhang Hua is picking up new vocabulary very fast. The speed is amazing. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_5.We lived in a small town when I was a small child. We moved to Shanghai later. My father landed a better job there. (compound-com
3、plex sentence)（分数：1.50）_6.There are many exercises to do if you want to build a muscular body. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_7.I like shopping. I like decorating the tree. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_8.We must plan our family budget carefully. The price of food has risen recently. (compound sentence)（
4、分数：1.50）_9.Tom had worked at the construction site all day. He was too tired. He decided not to meet his friends at the dinner. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_10.If you sit by the window facing the sun on a sunny winter day, you may feel nice and warm. (loose sentence)（分数：1.50）_二、B(总题数：5，分数：15
5、.00)11.I love to wander through rows of corn there is a peacefulness that I enjoy.（分数：3.00）_12.By taking Bus No. 10 is one way to get to Tian An Men Square.（分数：3.00）_13.When we arrived home we unpacked our suitcases, took showers, and then we went to sleep after eating our lunch.（分数：3.00）_14.By stud
6、ying throughout the night, the examination was passed.（分数：3.00）_15.Daisy was an adult, married, and had a young daughter.（分数：3.00）_三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. A. Measuring the depth of oceans. B. So
7、und is a phenomenon. C. A way was found. D. In the twentieth century a better way was found to measure the depth of oceans. Answer: _（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_17.Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. Californians and New Englanders are both American. They speak the same language and a
8、bide by the same federal laws. But they are very different in their ways of life. Mobilityboth physical and psychologicalhas made a great impression on the culture of Californians; lack of mobility is the mark of the customs and morality of New Englanders.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_18.Read the following paragr
9、aph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. Topic Sentence: _ We should not simply consider the world as the solid globe, but as international society of human relationship. With the
10、 economy growth, the distance between peoples and between nations is bridging. We can easily acknowledge each others minds and actions, then we are able to deliver our own opinions freely. A. The world is a solid globe. B. People in different countries have difficulty communicating with one another.
11、 C. The economy in the world is developing quickly in recent years. D. The world is becoming smaller and smaller.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_四、B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)19.How could they be shocked to see the same in real life? 20. They do believe that the violence they see is normal and acceptable. 21. Children do not h
12、ave enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal world that commercials lie in order to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless. 22. They do believe they will make more friends if they use a certain soapor some other products. 23. All educators and psychologists agree that th
13、e “television generations“ are more violent than their parents and grand-parents. 24. Unfortunately, televisions influence has been extremely harmful to the young. 25. By the time they are out of high school, most young people have watched 15,000 hours of television, and have seen about 18,000 killi
14、ngs or other acts of violence. 26. They believe and want to imitate what they see. 26 22 20（分数：5.00）_五、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)20.Admission to some private colleges is more selective and rigid than admission to some public institutions. There are many famous private colleges. High school applicants to some
15、 private colleges must submit detailed application forms, and they must take scholastic aptitude and achievements examinations. College admissions committees decide which students to accept, basing their judgment on these such as personal interviews with the applicants and letters of recommendation
16、from high school teachers. Some of the high school teachers are nationally well-known. For certain colleges, such as Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Stanford, and Columbia, applications usually far exceed the number of students who are accepted. In 1975, for example, Harvard received 7,620 applications fo
17、r 1,500 available places.（分数：10.00）_六、B(总题数：1，分数：30.00)21.You are Li Lei. You are a student of Henan University, doing a research on the frequency with which welfare recipients use prescription drugs. To complete the paper, you need specific information concerning medical aid payments and the number
18、 of prescriptions issued to people on public assistance. Write a letter to the director of Province Welfare Office, asking them to provide the necessary information. (150200 words)（分数：30.00）_英语写作基础自考题-11 答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.I began reading my favorite novel as soon as I go
19、t home from school. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(As soon as I got home from school, I began reading my favorite novel.)解析：解析 此句要求把松散句改为掉尾句，即把句子最关键的东西移至句尾。2.Han Solo is one of the heroes of Star Wars. He is a brave but self-centered pilot. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Han Solo, a brave but
20、self-centered pilot, is one of the heroes of Star Wars.)解析：解析 原句是两个简单句，要求合并为一个简单句。从句意上看，两句话都是对同一个主语 Han Solo 的描述，在合并时我们可以采用同位语(a brave but self-centered pilot 为 Han Solo 的同位语)的方式将第二句的语意合并于第一句中。3.At midnight my roommate closed her books. I studied until 2 a.m. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(At mi
21、dnight my roommate closed her books, but I studied until 2 a.m.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改写为并列句。根据句子意思可以判断出，由于此两句是不同人同样行为之间的比较，因此应选用转折连词 but。4.Zhang Hua is picking up new vocabulary very fast. The speed is amazing. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(The speed which Zhang Hua is picking up new vocabulary very fas
22、t, is amazing.)解析：解析 原句是两个简单句，要求变成复合句。复合句是含有从句和主句的句子，主句部分常常是一句话的中心，从句部分由从属连词引导。本题中，speed 是联系两个句子的纽带，本题主要讲第二句，即速度很惊人，所以将第一句改为第二句主语 speed 的定语从句。5.We lived in a small town when I was a small child. We moved to Shanghai later. My father landed a better job there. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答
23、案：(We lived in a small town when I was a small child, and we moved to Shanghai later because my father landed a better job there.)解析：解析 本题考查对 compound-complex sentence 的掌握和运用。(1)了解并列复合句的构成：并列复合句可以是一个简单句与一个主从复合句用并列连接词连接起来的，也可以是两个主从复合句的并列；(2)题目原句中的三个句子都是简单句，要想使之成为一个并列复合句，就必须先将其中的两个简单句合成为一个复合句，然后将之再和第三
24、个简单句用并列连词连接。这样就合成了并列复合句。本题第一、二句之间是顺承关系，可用 and 连接，第三句很明显是前面部分的原因，用从属连词 because 连接。6.There are many exercises to do if you want to build a muscular body. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(If you want to build a muscular body, there are many exercises to do.)解析：解析 此题要求把松散句改为掉尾句，即把句子最关键的东西移至句尾，此句话的中心意思
25、是there are many exercises to do，把它放在句尾，把条件状语从句放句首即可。7.I like shopping. I like decorating the tree. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(I like shopping and decorating the tree.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改写成简单句，总共有两句话，把这两句话合并成为具有一套主谓结构的句子即可。8.We must plan our family budget carefully. The price of food has risen recen
26、tly. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(We must plan our family budget carefully for the price of food has risen recently.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改为并列句。此题从前后两句话的意思可以判断出两句话之间是因果关系，因此选用表因果的从属连词 for 或者 because。9.Tom had worked at the construction site all day. He was too tired. He decided not to meet his friends
27、 at the dinner. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Because Tom had worked at the construction site all day, he was too tired, so he decided not to meet his friends at the dinner.)解析：解析 原句是三个简单句，要求变为并列复合句。简单句变为并列复合句时，应注意哪些部分应并列，哪些部分应复合。从本题句子之间的逻辑看，第一句和第二句是因果关系，第二句和第三句则是并列关系，故第一、二句可以用连词 becaus
28、e 连接作复合部分，第三句和一、二句复合后的句子并列，用逗号加上并列连接词 so 的方式表示。译文：汤姆在建筑工地上工作了一整天了，所以他很累；他决定晚餐时不去见他的朋友了。10.If you sit by the window facing the sun on a sunny winter day, you may feel nice and warm. (loose sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(You may feel nice and warm if you sit by the window facing the sun on a sunny winter da
29、y.)解析：解析 原句是个掉尾句，要求变为松散句。松散句基本上保持了自然的语序。状语在句尾的简单句、主句在前从句在后的复合句及并列复合句多半是松散句。本题在变化时只需要将 if 引导的条件状语移在句末，而将原句的后半句(即主句部分)移于句首即可。译文：在一个晴朗的冬日，如果你坐在窗边面朝太阳，你会感到非常舒适、温暖。二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.I love to wander through rows of corn there is a peacefulness that I enjoy.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(I love to wander through row
30、s of corn for there is a peacefulness that I enjoy.)解析：解析 这是一个无标点的串句。串句是一种错句，即在没有连接词或标点符号的情况下将两个或两个以上独立的单句串在一起。这种错句常使读者困惑，说不清哪里该止，哪里该起。避免串句主要有 3种方法：(1)句号与大写；(2)逗号与连接词；(3)使用分号。这句话在改正时应选择第二种方法，因为两句话之间是因果关系，所以选用连词 for 表因果。12.By taking Bus No. 10 is one way to get to Tian An Men Square.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(T
31、aking Bus No. 10 is one way to get to Tian An Men Square.)解析：解析 此句中由于用 by 引导的介词短语不可以作主语，所以此病句也属于破句。修改时可去掉介词 by，直接用 ing 分词短语作主语。13.When we arrived home we unpacked our suitcases, took showers, and then we went to sleep after eating our lunch.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(When we arrived home we unpacked our suitca
32、ses, took showers, ate our lunch, and went to sleep.)解析：解析 这道题错误出在错误的平行结构。平行结构是把两个或两个以上意思并列的成分用同等的语法形式表达出来。如果意思上并列的成分用不同等的语法形式表达，就破坏了平行结构。这是一个含有多项平行的句子，在多项平行句中，把一组词组连续地排列起来，使意义与结构均保持平行，这样才能结构对称美观。在这道题中，前面的句子是两个动宾词组描述动作，后面又出现一个并列分句描述动作，所以结构不对称，应该把后面一句话也改为动宾词组。14.By studying throughout the night, the
33、examination was passed.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(By studying throughout the night, I (he, she, etc. ) passed the examination.)解析：解析 此句属于垂悬修饰语(Dangling Modifiers)中的垂悬介词错误。垂悬修饰语即修饰语在句中找不到逻辑上被修饰的对象，改正方法通常有两种：(1)明确动作的实施者，使主语成为垂悬部分所修饰的对象；(2)将省略句或分词词组扩展成从句。在这句话中，studying throughout the night 所修饰的主语显然不是“the examinat
34、ion”，因此找到被修饰的对象作主语可以消除错误。不论是 I，he，she均可作为被修饰的主语。15.Daisy was an adult, married, and had a young daughter.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(Daisy was a married adult, and had a young daughter.)解析：解析 本题为与多项平行结构有关的病句。本题介绍了主语的三种情况，即成人、已婚、有个小女儿；这三种情况意思上并列，在语法结构上却没有并列，修改时可把这三项都改为相应名词形式。三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best
35、 topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. A. Measuring the depth of oceans. B. Sound is a phenomenon. C. A way was found. D. In the twentieth century a better way was found to measure the depth of oceans. Answer: _（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：D）解析：解析 主题句是
36、一段话中最具概括性的话语，但主题句过于宽或者过于窄都不能算作好的主题句。主题句过宽，一段话显然是不会把它发展充分的；主题句过窄，显然提供不出足够的细节对它进一步发展。A 选项不正确，因为它描述了一个具体的动作行为，不可能再展开描述。B 选项也不正确，因为它范围太大。C 选项也不正确，因为它不明确，读者并不知道 a way 指的是什么。只有 D 选项适中，作者可以展开描述这种测量海深的更好的方式是什么。答案为 D。17.Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. Californians and New Engla
37、nders are both American. They speak the same language and abide by the same federal laws. But they are very different in their ways of life. Mobilityboth physical and psychologicalhas made a great impression on the culture of Californians; lack of mobility is the mark of the customs and morality of
38、New Englanders.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：But they are very different in their ways of life.）解析：解析 主题句是一段话中具有概括性的话语，一定要以理解段落的意思为前提，因为主题句的位置并不是总在句首，还有在句中、句末的情况，切勿凭感觉想当然地看问题，做“标出主题句”这类题型时，一定要理解句意和句子之间的关系。这段话主要是说加利福尼亚人和新英格兰人的区别，他们虽然都是美国人，讲同样的语言，受同一法律的约束，但是他们的生活方式却有很大的不同。机动性，不管是身体还是心理上的，都对加利福尼亚文化产生了很大的影响，相反
39、，缺乏机动性是新英格兰人风俗习惯和道德的标志。这段话虽然提及两个州人的相同，但是主要是说他们之间的区别。18.Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. Topic Sentence: _ We should not simply consider the world as the solid globe, but as international society of human relationship. With the economy growth, the distance between peoples and between nations is bridging. We can easil
