1、英语写作基础自考题-10 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.There are ten eggs in the nest, but only one chicken was hatched. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_2.In spite of the jeers of his contemporaries, Richard Wangner became one of the most successful composers of all the time. (loose sentence)（分数：
2、1.50）_3.Don Hall who is a reporter works for our local newspaper. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_4.I have checked my documents several times. I still cant find the problem. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_5.Lu Ban lived many centuries ago. He built marvelous houses and palaces. People still remember him. (
3、compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_6.It takes time and money to learn to type. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_7.It requires steady nerves to do the job safely. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_8.Talking and laughing, the children are walking along the street. (loose sentence)（分数：1.50）_9.The film was over
4、. We had dinner at an expensive restaurant. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_10.He wanted to be a salesman. He became an accountant. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.The experiment was a failure, therefore, we must start over again.（分数：3.00）_12.He walked over to the library. And took out
5、 the history book he needed.（分数：3.00）_13.I want either to study English or study world history.（分数：3.00）_14.He was staring at the girl by the vending machine (投币式自动售货机) wearing dark glasses.（分数：3.00）_15.To answer a phone call politely, your tone of voice must be carefully controlled.（分数：3.00）_三、B(总题
6、数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. A. The region is a gateway for foreign capital, technology and management skills to enter China. B. Hongkong is an important source of surplus for Chinese foreign trade bought
7、and sold with foreign exchange. C. China has obtained foreign loans via Hongkong. D. Each year about 1.5 percent of Chinas domestic output is financed by direct overseas investment. Answer: _（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_17.Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. Living a quiet, calm life i
8、s still possible in the midst of heavily populated areas. For example, Salem County, on the Delaware Bay, has the largest chemical manufacturing companies located in its boundaries. There are plans to build a huge nuclear power reactor in Salem Country soon. But the bay still affords about a dozen m
9、en a quiet, peaceful, independent way to earn their living. These are crabbers. They gather wild crabs with traps that are called “pots,“ selling the fresh crabs to restaurants and commercial seafood packers in the area. Each crabber has about 150pots. From July to October, the men work an eight-hou
10、r day, beginning very early each morning, going out in boats to check their pots.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_18.Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. Topic Sentenc
11、e: _ If you are honest in all matters, youll be trusted and respected by others. A liar is always looked down upon and regarded as a black sheep by the people around. Once you lie, people will never believe you even if you speak the truth. The fable of the shepherd boy is the example. Honest, your r
12、eputation will become great. Dishonest, your name will be spoiled and your personality degraded. A. Honesty is out of date today. B. Honesty is the best policy. C. Honesty means lack of abilities. D. Honesty is regarded as a virtue in our Chinese culture.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_四、B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)19.When the
13、y reached the cottage, the two seated themselves with some appearance of fatigue (疲惫) upon the upper step of the porch. 20. The sunshade continued to approach slowly. 21. He fixed his gaze upon a white sunshade (遮阳伞) that was advancing slowly from the beach. 22. The gulf looked far away, melting haz
14、ily into the blue of the horizon. 23. Mr. Pontellier, sitting at the porch of a cottage, lit a cigar and looked afar. 24. Beneath the sunshade were his wife, Mrs. Pontellier, and young Robert Lebrun. 25. They faced each other, each leaning against a supporting post. 26. He could see it plainly betwe
15、en the trunks of the water-oaks along the gulf and across the stretch of wild flowers. 22 20 24（分数：5.00）_五、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)20.As her wedding date approached, I think that I was almost as excited as my sister. She claims she did not sleep at all the week before the wedding, and I dont really think I
16、 did either. Usually I go to bed about 10:30, and sleep until around 7:30. I know that at least two of those nights we sat up all night reviewing plans, checking to see that we had done everything on our “to do“ list. Two days before the wedding, my excitement had reached such a peak that I didnt ev
17、en eat. I usually enjoy eating a lot of candies every day. Maybe I had borrowed love from my sister and was living on it, but I just went sailing through the day, full of energy and not the least bit hungry. On the day of the wedding, I was up at 4:30 in the morning, shouting at everyone to get up.
18、I even began to get dressed for the wedding an hour before my sister did. And after I was dressed in my bridesmaids gown, I couldnt sit down. I just paced the floorfor an entire hour. I dont think I could take having a sister get married very often.（分数：10.00）_六、B(总题数：1，分数：30.00)21.Your name is Wang
19、Hao. You are the dean of Biology Department, Beijing University of Medical Science. You heard from Prof. Davy Wang that Prof. Paul Johnson, Chief Director of Genetic Engineering Lab, University of Pennsylvania, was coming to China. Write a letter to invite him to give some lectures to the staff and
20、students in your department. (150200 words)（分数：30.00）_英语写作基础自考题-10 答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.There are ten eggs in the nest, but only one chicken was hatched. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(When I was on my way home, I saw a rabbit right under the tree.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改为掉尾句。掉尾
21、句要求把句子的中心意思放在句末。这句话的中心部分是“I saw a rabbit right under the tree”，把它放在句尾即可。2.In spite of the jeers of his contemporaries, Richard Wangner became one of the most successful composers of all the time. (loose sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Richard Wangner became one of the most successful composers of all the t
22、ime in spite of the jeers of his contemporaries.)解析：解析 此题要求把掉尾句改为松散句，即把句子里主要思想或要说的东西从句尾移到句首。3.Don Hall who is a reporter works for our local newspaper. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Don Hall, as a reporter, works for our local newspaper.)解析：解析 原句是一个复合句，要求变为简单句。原句主句为 Don Hall works for our local n
23、ewspaper。who is a reporter 是定语从句部分，起修饰主语作用。在修改时可把它换成 as a reporter充当方式状语，修饰谓语 works。4.I have checked my documents several times. I still cant find the problem. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(I have checked my documents several times, yet/but I still cant find the problem.)解析：解析 译文：我已经把我的文件检查了好几遍
24、了。我还是没有发现有什么问题。本题是两个简单句，要求变成一个并列句。并列句是处于同等地位的两套主谓结构的结合。做这类题的关键在于准确选择并列连词。根据逻辑，很显然，两句为转折关系，可用并列连词 but 或 yet 连接。5.Lu Ban lived many centuries ago. He built marvelous houses and palaces. People still remember him. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Although Lu Ban lived many centuries ago, peop
25、le still remember him, for he built marvelous houses and palaces.)解析：解析 原句是三个简单句，要求变为并列复合句。处理这样的句子时我们应当注意哪些部分要并列，哪些部分要复合。第一句说鲁班生活于几个世纪前，第二句说他建造了漂亮的房子和宫殿，第三句说人们仍然记得他。从句意看，第一句与第三句应复合，它们与第二句则应并列。6.It takes time and money to learn to type. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(To learn to type takes time a
26、nd money.)解析：解析 此题要求把松散句改为掉尾句，即把句子最关键的东西移至句尾。这句话的中心意思是 it takes time and money，所以把它移至句尾就需要用不定式作主语。7.It requires steady nerves to do the job safely. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(To do the job safely requires steady nerves.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改为掉尾句。即把中心意思“requires steady nerves”放在句尾，而把“to do the job s
27、afely”提到句首，不定式作主语，强调了中心意思“requires steady nerves”。8.Talking and laughing, the children are walking along the street. (loose sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(The children are walking along the street, talking and laughing.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改为松散句。松散句是一种结构松弛的句子，它的组成部分可以比较自由地拆散，在句中的某些地方，可以随意停顿，而且语法上具有一定的完整性。要求把掉尾句改
28、为松散句，即把句子里主要思想或要说的东西从句尾移到句首。此句话的中心是在“the children arc walking along the street”。9.The film was over. We had dinner at an expensive restaurant. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(We had dinner at an expensive restaurant after the film.)解析：解析 原句是两个简单句，要求合并为一个简单句。从句意上看，前后两句只能通过时间才能联系在一起，由于只能合并成简单句，故不能用从句
29、。根据句意，可以采用 after 引导的介词短语来表示。10.He wanted to be a salesman. He became an accountant. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(He wanted to be a salesman, but he became an accountant.)解析：解析 此题要求把句子改写成并列句，并列句是由两个以上的简单句合并而成的句子，它的合并方式通常是由逗号加一个连接词(and，but，for，nor，or，so，yet)，或由句子衔接词，分号来连接两个分句。前后两个句子不分主从，重量相当。根据这
30、两句话的意思，可以判断出两句话是转折关系，因此选择表水转折关系的并列连词 but。二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.The experiment was a failure, therefore, we must start over again.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(The experiment was a failure; therefore, we must start over again.)解析：解析 这是一个串句，属于串句中的逗号割裂句。Therefore 前后是两个完整的句子，所以改正方法可以是用分号，在两个独立的概念之间使用分号，这是句意和语气的停顿，并非一
31、句话的结束。使用分号后，仍是一个句子，但句意有停顿，所以句意清晰，不会让人困惑。12.He walked over to the library. And took out the history book he needed.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(He walked over to the library and took out the history book he needed.)解析：解析 此句属于缺少主语的破句(missing subject fragments)。改正缺少主句的破句有两个方法：把破句与前句相连；增加主语(该主语常以代词出现，指代前句中的名词主语)。该题的
32、修改方法采用第一种，即把破句与前句相连。13.I want either to study English or study world history.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(I want to study either English or world history.)解析：解析 此句错误出在并列连词的使用上。并列连词(如 either.or；neither.nor；not only.but also；both.and)连接的前后两个部分必须具有相同对称的语法结构，在此题中，连词either.or 前后连接的两个成分“to study English”和“study world
33、history”语法结构不同，因此要把后面词组改为不定式词组，以达到平行对称效果。14.He was staring at the girl by the vending machine (投币式自动售货机) wearing dark glasses.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(By the vending machine, he was staring at the girl wearing dark glasses.)解析：解析 译文：在自动售货机旁，他盯着那个戴墨镜的女孩。本题属于修饰语错置引起的病句。根据句意，wearing dark glasses 应修饰 the girl，而
34、by the vending machine，则既可以修饰主语 he，也可以修饰宾语 the girl，所以把 by the vending machine 提前，让 wearing dark glasses 紧挨着它修饰的名词。15.To answer a phone call politely, your tone of voice must be carefully controlled.（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(To answer a phone call politely, you must control your tone of voice carefully.)解析：解析
35、 本题属于垂悬修饰语引起的病句，修改时应找出该不定式的隐含主语。to answer 这样一个动作的施动者应为隐含主语 you 而不是 your tone of voice，所以修改时可将句子的主语做适当改变。三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. A. The region is a gateway for foreign capital, technology and man
36、agement skills to enter China. B. Hongkong is an important source of surplus for Chinese foreign trade bought and sold with foreign exchange. C. China has obtained foreign loans via Hongkong. D. Each year about 1.5 percent of Chinas domestic output is financed by direct overseas investment. Answer:
37、_（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）解析：解析 选项 A 不能作为主题句的原因是其主语是“the region”，到底是哪个地区并没有交代清楚，所以它不可能是段落中最概括最重要的语句；选项 C 又是描述了一个很具体的行为，所以无法展开来写。选项 D 也是范围太小，无法展开来写。只有选项 B 符合要求，不仅范围适中，而且具有概括性，点明了要写的对象是香港，以及准备写哪些方面。答案为 B。17.Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. Living a quiet, calm life is sti
38、ll possible in the midst of heavily populated areas. For example, Salem County, on the Delaware Bay, has the largest chemical manufacturing companies located in its boundaries. There are plans to build a huge nuclear power reactor in Salem Country soon. But the bay still affords about a dozen men a
39、quiet, peaceful, independent way to earn their living. These are crabbers. They gather wild crabs with traps that are called “pots,“ selling the fresh crabs to restaurants and commercial seafood packers in the area. Each crabber has about 150pots. From July to October, the men work an eight-hour day, beginning very early each morning, going out in boats to check their pots.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Living a quiet, calm life is still possible in the midst of heavily popula
