1、英语(一)自考题模拟 26 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第一部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Battle Hymn of Tiger MotherIn general, I think Western parenting gives children too much freedom at too young an age. The average American child spends almost 70 percent more time watching television than attending school. In the re
2、cent PISA international tests, the US came out an embarrassing 23rd in science and 34th in mathwith Shanghai children ranked No 1. Western children have alarming rates of alcohol and drug abuse and teenage pregnancy, too. On the other hand, American universities continue to be the envy of the world,
3、 and the US excels at teaching creativity, innovation and leadership. What are the lessons for China then? Here are a few things China may be able to learn from the West. First, while children in the West have too much choice, their counterparts in China may have too little. In between school, tutor
4、ing and lessons, many Chinese children work nonstop, getting little opportunity to have fun with friends, explore on their own and discover what they truly enjoy. What I learned is that as children grow up, parents should listen to their choices more carefully and gradually give them more freedom to
5、 pursue their own passions. Second, Chinese parents should pay more attention to their children“s individual personalities. Every child is different. So depending on children“s natural predispositions (秉性), different career paths will make them happy. Some people may find it more fulfilling to becom
6、e a photographer or fashion designer instead of a doctor. If Chinese parents become more open-minded in what they consider “success“, it may help lessen the intense competition and pressure that many Chinese children feel. Finally, Chinese parents are good at getting their children to memorize, prac
7、tice and drill-skills I believe the West needs more ofbut they should also find ways to encourage creativity and initiative. My daughters were lucky because my husband taught them the value of independent thinking. He always asked “why“. Just because someone told you so, how do you know it“s right?
8、Parenting is the hardest job I“ve ever had. When Lulu rebelled and I began questioning everything I“d done. I feel very lucky that I adjusted in timetoday my daughters and I are close friendsand I wanted to share my story with other mothers, because we are all struggling with the same problem=how ca
9、n we raise happy, strong, self-reliant children?（分数：10.00）(1).Compared to the children in the west, Chinese children have heavier burden of learning. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Children will be able to enjoy happiness with different careers if their personalities are taken into consi
10、deration. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).An international test suggests that American children do much better in science while Shanghai children are the best in maths. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Chinese parents should improve their children“s self-learning ability. _（分数：1
11、.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Western parents needs to get their children memorize and practice and drill to encourage their initiative. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).While considering success, Chinese parents are less open-minded. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Ameri
12、can universities are admired by many in the world for its creativity and innovation. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(8).The author has more than one children. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(9).Children in the West have more choice in deciding weather they would like to go to college
13、 or not. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(10).How to cultivate happy, strong, self-reliant children is a common problem for all mothers. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned二、第二部分：阅读选择(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Orbital Space PlaneWhile scientists are searching the cause of the Columbia disaster, NASA
14、 is moving ahead with plans to develop a new craft that would replace shuttles on space station missions by 2012 and respond quickly to space station emergencies. The space agency released the first set of mission needs and requirements several days ago for the orbital space plane, which would be de
15、signed to transport a crew of four to and from the International Space Station. Although it includes few specifics, the plan stipulates the orbiter will be safer, cheaper and require less preparation time than the shuttle. It would be able to transport four crew members by 2012though it would be ava
16、ilable for rescue missions by 2010. NASA says the craft should be able to transport injured or ill space station crew members to “definitive medical care“ within 24 hours. The release of the requirements showed NASA remains focused on the long-term priorities of space exploration, even as questions
17、linger concerning the loss of Columbia and its seven-member crew on February 1, 2003. Experts at Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, have been working for years on a successor to the shuttle. The project, known as the Space Launch Initiative, was divided last year into two partsone
18、focusing on a future launch vehicle, the other on a space station orbiter. The orbiter is expected to be ready sooner. The program“s managers say NASA officials have told them not to alter Space Launch Initiative in light of the Columbia disaster. US President George W. Bush asked Congress for about
19、 US $1 billion for Space Launch Initiative in 2004, funds that would be almost equally split between the Orbital Space Plane and Next Generation Launch Technology.（分数：10.00）(1).The orbital space craft has been designed for _（分数：2.00）A.controlling the International Space StationB.carrying astronauts
20、to the International Space StationC.transporting equipment to the International Space StationD.training astronauts in space flights(2).From the passage we know that the design of the orbiter indicates _（分数：2.00）A.NASA“s determination to continue its space exploration projectsB.the US space technolog
21、y superioritiesC.a victory in space explorationD.the birth of an absolutely safe space craft(3).When did the scientists start working on a successor to the shuttle?（分数：2.00）A.Immediately after the Columbia disaster.B.One year after the Columbia disaster.C.Years before the explosion of Columbia.D.Not
22、 mentioned in the passage.(4).Besides the main missions stipulated by NASA, the orbiter would also be used as _.（分数：2.00）A.a space hospitalB.a medical research centerC.a medicine-transporting vehicleD.a space ambulance(5).According to the passage, the funds, if granted, would _.（分数：2.00）A.be used fo
23、r developing the orbiter onlyB.be equally shared by the two projects under Space Launch InitiativeC.be given to Marshall Space Flight CenterD.be mainly used to improve space launch technology三、第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子(总题数：1，分数：10.00)How to Argue with Your Boss1. Before you argue with your boss, check with t
24、he boss“s secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the boss“s secretary, there are keys to timing: don“t approach the boss when he“s on deadline; don“t go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and ru
25、shed; don“t go in just before or after he has taken a vacation. 2. If you“re mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first. And don“t let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is
26、hopeless trying to change your mind. Then, maybe he will dismiss you. 3. Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point ac
27、ross clearly in order to make the boss understand it. 4. Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you can“t put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their bosses may soon find the
28、y can“t get past the secretary. 5. To deal effectively with a boss, it“s important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1 A
29、. Determine the Boss“s Mood before Arguing B. Put Yourself in the Boss“s Position C. Propose Your Solution D. Don“t Go in When Your Are Angry E. Make the Issue Clear F. Never Give in（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(5).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(6).I
30、f you want to ask the boss for anything, it is important to find out first 1. A. to give the boss your advice B. how he is feeling C. the boss may have D. what you really want to talk to him about E. without suggesting a way to solve it F. might be fired（分数：1.00）(7).If the boss think you are negativ
31、e and hopeless, you 1.（分数：1.00）(8).It is necessary to make clear to the boss 1.（分数：1.00）(9).It is not wise to present the boss with a problem 1.（分数：1.00）(10).You must be considerate and think of the troubles 1.（分数：1.00）四、第四部分：填句补文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Worse Living Through Better TechnologyI believe that a
32、dvances in technology over the last fifty years have only served as a catalyst to the breakdown of our society and, though I can“t stop them, I will try to curb the effects they have on my family and me. Television, being perhaps the most significant technological breakthrough ever, has allowed soci
33、ety to escape from reality and replace it with whatever is on the screen. 1 Anyone who has seen The Partridge Family knows that life really isn“t like that, and this can leave a person feeling empty and cheated. 2 The more television I watch, the more likely I am to become detached from my own life
34、and from reality. 3 Meanwhile my own life gets put on hold and my problems don“t get fixed. It is very easy to take what you hear on any given news channel as the way it is, but maybe it is just the way they want you to perceive it. If it“s not the news that“s being piped into the television, it“s s
35、omething even worse, like the latest trendreality television. 4 Sports programs, to my mind, have also always been a great distraction from reality. I find it amazing that I am still attracted to the result of a football game when it has absolutely no bearing on my existence whatsoever. It was Hallo
36、ween last night and, since I don“t have cable at the moment, I watched The Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown with my family via YouTube on my PlayStation 3, which happens to double as a web browser. I told my kids that the cartoon was from 1966, and that back then no one would be able to imagine this pro
37、gram being watched on something like a PlayStation 3, over a network like YouTube, rather than on NBC, ABC, or CBS. Those were the only three networks I had when I was growing up. 5 A. It is too easy to get caught up in whatever is happening on screen. B. I don“t know about anyone else but my realit
38、y isn“t like the reality I see on these programs. C. I believe that this not only makes a person unable to identify with himself, but also sets unrealistic standards of what life should be like. D. My cell phone is ringing, and I have to run. E. Television also leaves less time for other activities
39、that can stimulate your mind, for example reading a book, or conversing with friends or family. F. I was able to convey my message to my kids about how far technology has come.（分数：10.00）五、第五部分：填词补文(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A Health ProfileA health profile is a portrait of all of the factors that influence you
40、r health. To draw your health profile, you will need to know what diseases run in your family, 1 health hazards you may be exposed to at work, how your daily diet compares to the recommended standards, how much time per week you 2 exercising and what type of exercise you engage in, how stressful you
41、r work and family environments are, what kinds of illnesses you get regularly, and 3 or not you have any one of a number of addictions. To complete this portrait, your should have a checkup to determine how your blood, heart, and lungs are functioning. This checkup will serve 4 a baseline, to which
42、you can then compare later tests. 5 this profile is thoroughly drawn, you can begin to think about setting health priorities based on your particular portrait. For example, if you drink two martinis every evening, have a high-stress 6 , smoke a pack of cigarettes a day, and use marijuana occasionall
43、y on weekends, you should quit smoking first, followed 7 losing the excess weight, reducing the stress of your job, giving up your marijuana habit, and then finally giving some 8 to those martinis if you want to prevent first cancer, and then heart disease. Even for the youthful working person who h
44、as never been sick a day in his life, who is 9 excellent health, a good look at all health habits and at work and home environments may suggest changes that will 10 him in the future. A. whether D. by G. in J. benefit B. once E. spend H. work K. thought C. as F. what I. neither L. job（分数：15.00）六、第六部
45、分：完形补文(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Urbanization and Its InfluenceOver half the world“s people now live in cities. The latest “Global Report on Human Settlements“ says a significant change took place last year. The report 1 (come) out this week from U. N. Habitat, a United Nations agency. A century ago, 2 (little
46、) than five percent of all people lived in cities. By the middle of this century it could be seventy percent, or almost six and a half billion people. Already three-fourths of people in 3 (develop) countries live in cities. Now most urban population 4 (grow) is in the developing world. Urbanization
47、can lead to social and 5 (economy) progress, but also put pressure on cities to provide housing and 6 (service). The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move into cities and towns each day. It says worsening 7 (equality), driven by social divisions and differences in wealth, could res
48、ult in violence and crime unless cities plan 8 (good). Another issue is urban sprawl (无序扩展的城区). This is where cities expand quickly into rural areas, sometimes at a much 9 (fast) rate than urban population growth. Sprawl is common in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Ha
49、ll at the University of Kansas found that people are 10 (move) away from the major cities to smaller ones. He sees a trend toward “de-urbanization“ across the nation.（分数：15.00）七、第七部分：短文写作(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.请根据以下内容与一篇 120 字左右的作文。 This April, a big earthquake damaged YaAn, SiChuan province in which hundreds of people died and thousands of houses collapsed. Also, other harmful results it caused are countless. As a Chinese what would you do to the local people who have experienced this catastrophe? （分数：30.00）_
