1、英语(一)自考题模拟 18 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第一部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Students and Technology in the ClassroomI love my blackberryit“s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop computer, as it holds all of my writing and thoughts. Despite this love of
2、 technology, I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices (设备)and truly communicate with others. On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas.
3、Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom, I have a ruleno laptops, iPads, cell phones, etc. When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy. Most students assume that my reasons for this ru
4、le include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There“s a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology. There“s no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students. The real reason why I ask stu
5、dents to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig dee
6、p within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between the course materials and the class discussion. I“ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the envi
7、ronment that I create. Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn to keep the course material beyond the classroom. I“m not saying that I won“t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change, I“m sticking
8、 to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.（分数：10.00）(1).The author loves the technological products such as blackberry and laptop.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(2).Face-to-face communication with others is better than the communication through those digital
9、 devices.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(3).In the author“s class, the students are allowed to take laptops, iPads, cell phones, etc. if they need them.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(4).Most of the students are dissatisfied and unhappy about-his rules in the class.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Gi
10、ven(5).Students think the reasons for the rule are that the author has some unhappy experiences in the past and he is anti-technology.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(6).The author is not anti-technology and in fact loves technology very much.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(7).The author thinks c
11、ell phones often interrupt our concentration because it often rings.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(8).The teaching experiences reflect that students are not so satisfied with the environment he creates.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(9).The author said that he would never allow his students to
12、take technological products to his class.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(10).The author thinks the modern life is so dependent on the technology and some technology-free moments are very sweet and precious.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given二、第二部分：阅读选择(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Sex prejudices are based on and
13、justified by the ideology that biology is destiny. According to this ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sexboth physically and emotionally. Thus, they are na
14、turally suited much more so than men, to the performance of domestic duties. A woman“s place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play care-taker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other hand men are best su
15、ited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are “dependents“. The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in li
16、ne with the special capabilities of their sex. It is thus appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, household helpers, and clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women“s domestic role. Informal distinctions betwe
17、en “women“s work“ and “men“s work“ in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes. Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its
18、members must regularly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearance. So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex-defined roles in soci
19、al life. There is ample evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that do exist are largely learned. But people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature is intended for men and women to make different contributions to society, sex-defined roles
20、will be seen as totally acceptable.（分数：10.00）(1).Women“s place, some people think, is the protective environment of the home because _.（分数：2.00）A.women can provide better care for the childrenB.women are too weak to do any agricultural work at allC.women are biologically suited to domestic jobsD.wom
21、en can not compete with men in any field(2).According to the author, sex roles _.（分数：2.00）A.are socially determinedB.are emotionally and physically determinedC.can only be determined by what education people takeD.are biologically and psychologically determined(3).The author points out that the assi
22、gnments of women“s roles in work _.（分数：2.00）A.are determined by what they are better suited toB.grow out of their position inside the homeC.reflect a basic difference between men and womenD.are suitable to them, but not to men(4).The author will probably agree with _.（分数：2.00）A.certain sociologists“
23、 prediction that women are picking up more responsibility in the decades to comeB.historian“s general denial of women“s contribution towards human thoughtsC.Nietzsche“s contemplation about difference between sexesD.entrepreneurs favoring particular sex when hiring employees(5).Which of the following
24、 is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The division of sex-defined roles is completely unacceptable.B.Women“s roles in work are too limited at present.C.In one society, men might perform what is considered women“s duties by another.D.Some of the women“s roles in domestic duties can not be
25、taken over by men.三、第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Television ShowsEuropean television had the idea of taking ordinary people and turning them into “stars“ by putting them in unusual situation. “Big Brother“ (created in Holland) was one of the first. A group of people were locked in a small house w
26、ith cameras running 24 hours a day. It was called a “watch and dial“ show because viewers vote by telephone to decide who should leave or stay. “Big Brother“ was probably the first of the new reality shows, but such a programme has developed. Many have found appeal by having a theme to them, but mos
27、t are based on the principle of “survival of the fittest“ by eliminating participants as the series progresses. So we have the dating shows where winners either pair off or stay true to their partners outside the TV studio. Then there are those that test people“s abilities for specific jobs like run
28、ning a kitchen, becoming an interior designer or a top model. Critics say these programmes are basically bad television, but people watch them. So why are there so many of them? For the viewer it“s an opportunity to “people watch“. It“s natural to like watching other people. They“re interesting. We
29、can imagine what we would do in that situation. We get to know the characters and see them grow and develop week after week. And of course, television is the perfect place to watch people. Like the theatre or cinema we can look at other people and they can“t look back. But with television, we can wa
30、tch in the privacy of our own homes. We watch, but we don“t have to admit it to anyone. The TV companies like reality shows because they are cheap to produce and attract younger viewers, which advertisers like. The last “Big Brother“ in Britain attracted enormous advertising revenue. They aren“t dep
31、endent on “star“ actors with enormous salaries. And your actors won“t go on strike. And why do people participate in them? Well, for fame and money of course. In the past, appearing on television wasn“t for ordinary people. You had to be good at something, like sport, or reading the news, or acting.
32、 But not any more. It seems that most shows do well at the beginning but then the viewing figures begin to fall. And it varies from country to country too. For example, one show had an adopted child try to guess the identity of her real father, and another had a family arguing over an inheritance. B
33、oth were cancelled after one episode. Perhaps the novelty has worn off. Certainly, reality TV seems to appeal much more to the younger audience. And now there are so many shows around even the young have become more critical. Reality show will probably surviveit“s just no longer so easy to make a su
34、ccessful one.（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph 1 A. Introduction to new reality shows B. Definition of “watch and dial“ show C. Attractions for producers and participants D. Critics“ relevant comments E. Audience“s reaction to reality TV F. Current situation and future of reality shows（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 1
35、（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 1（分数：1.00）(5).Paragraph 1（分数：1.00）(6).Some people were locked in a small house with cameras being on 1. A. begin to fall B. their low costs and large number of younger viewers C. a specific time in our lives D. without others“ knowing E. all day long wi
36、thout break F. be more attractive（分数：1.00）(7).Actually we can watch television in our own homes 1.（分数：1.00）(8).The TV companies love reality shows because of 1.（分数：1.00）(9).A great many shows has a good beginning but then the viewing figures 1.（分数：1.00）(10).To the younger viewers, reality TV seems t
37、o 1.（分数：1.00）四、第四部分：填句补文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Keeper of the SpringThe old gentleman had been hired many years earlier by a young town councilman to clear away the debris from the pools of water up in the mountain crevices that fed the lovely spring flowing through their town. With faithful, silent regular
38、ity, he patrolled the hills, removed the leaves and branches, and wiped away the silt that would otherwise have choked and contaminated the fresh flow of water. 1 Graceful swans floated along the crystal clear spring, the mill wheels of various businesses located near the water turned day and night,
39、 farmlands were naturally irrigated, and the views from restaurants were picturesque beyond description. Years passed. 2 As they reviewed the budget, one man“s eye caught the salary being paid to the obscure keeper of the spring. Said the keeper of the purse, “Who is the old man? Why do we keep him
40、on year after year? No one ever sees him. For all we know; the strange ranger of the hills is doing us no good. He isn“t necessary any longer.“ 3 For several weeks, nothing changed. By early autumn, the trees began to shed their leaves. Small branches snapped off and fell into the pools, hindering t
41、he rushing flow of sparkling water. One afternoon someone noticed a slight yellowish-brown tint in the spring. 4 Within another week, a slimy film covered sections of the water along the banks, and a foul odor was soon detected. The mill wheels moved more slowly, some finally ground to a halt. Swans
42、 left, as did the tourists. 5 A. A few days later, the water was much darker. B. One evening the town council met for its semiannual meeting. C. Never become discouraged with the seeming smallness of your task, job, or life. D. The village soon became a popular attraction for vacationers. E. Clammy
43、fingers of disease and sickness reached deeply into the village. F. By a unanimous vote, they dispensed with the old man“s services.（分数：10.00）五、第五部分：填词补文(总题数：1，分数：15.00)As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Depart
44、ment is 1 for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay. If a firm wants to 2 a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a 3 of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employe
45、es. In order to be 4 , that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in “points“, which are 5 together to give a tot
46、al value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their 6 to solve problems. Because of the difficulty, in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided withou
47、t 7 to an evaluation system based on points. In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should 8 the value of each job with those in the job market. 9 , payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work
48、 done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, but for 10 workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed. A. compare B. responsible C. useful D. added E. find F. reference G. indirect H. method I. successful J. Necessari
49、ly K. ability L. adopt（分数：15.00）六、第六部分：完形补文(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Dave Brubeck and His Jazz“Take Five“, the smoky instrumental by the Dave Brubeck Quartet(四重奏), was a 1 (music) milestonea deceptively (似是而非地) complex jazz composition that introduces a new, 2 (adventure) sound to millions of 3 (listen). In a career that spanned almost of American jazz since World War II, Brubeck“s celebrated quartet combined exotic (异国情调的), 4 (challenge) tempos (拍子) with classical influences to create 5 (last) standards. Brubeck combined classical influences and his own 6 (innova
