1、英语(一)自考题模拟 17 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第一部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：10.00)CampingCamping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and, at its best, it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness, it is becoming more and m
2、ore important to camp unobtrusively(不引人注目地)and leave no mark. Wild camping is not permitted in many places, particularly in crowded lowland Britain. Wherever you are, find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces, and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter b
3、uilding. For example, it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland, but in England you must ask the landowner“s permission, except in national parks. Camping is about having relaxation, sleeping outdoors, experiencing bad weather, and making do without modern conveniences. A busy, fully-equip
4、ped campsite (野营地)seems to go against this, so seek out smaller, more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches. Better still, find a campsite with no road access: walking in makes a real adventure. Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to guaranteeing a good night
5、“s sleep. Choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment. Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot. When camping in woodland, avoid standing dead trees, which may fall on a windy night. Avoid animal runs and cave
6、s, and possible homes of biting insects. Make sure you have most protection on the windward side. If you make a fire, do so downwind of your shelter, and always consider what influence you might have on the natural world. Avoid damaging plants. A good campsite is found, but not madechanging it shoul
7、d be unnecessary.（分数：10.00）(1).Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(2).Wild camping is always permitted in many places.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(3).It is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively and leave no mark.（分数：
8、1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(4).Wherever you are, you don“t have to know about the local policy on camping and shelter building.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(5).In England you must ask the landowner“s permission for camping, except in national parks.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(6).Camping
9、is relaxation with the help of modern conveniences.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(7).Finding a campsite with no road access is better still.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(8).Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to guaranteeing a good night“s sleep.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(
10、9).Animal runs, caves and homes of biting insects are best places for camping.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(10).Sometimes you need to make electricity.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given二、第二部分：阅读选择(总题数：1，分数：10.00)One of the most interesting paradoxes in America today is that Harvard University, th
11、e oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, is now engaged in a serious debate about what a university should be, and whether it is measuring up. Like the Roman Catholic Church and other ancient institutions, it is askingstill in private rather than in publicwhether its past assump
12、tions about faculty, authority, admissions, courses of study, are really relevant to the problems of the 1990s. Should Harvard or any other university be an intellectual sanctuary, apart from the political and social revolution of the age, or should it be a laboratory for experimentation with these
13、political and social revolutions or even an engine of the revolution? This is what is being discussed privately in the big clapboard houses of faculty members around the Harvard Yard. The issue was defined by Waiter Lippmann, a distinguished Harvard graduate, several years ago. “If the universities
14、are to do their work,“ he said, “they must be independent and they must be disinterested.They are places to which men can turn for judgements which are unbiased by partisanship and special interest. Obviously, the moment the universities fall under political control, or under the control of private
15、interests, or the moment they themselves take a hand in politics and the leadership of government, their value as independent and disinterested sources of judgement is impaired.“ This is part of the argument that is going on at Harvard today. Another part is the argument of the militant and even man
16、y moderate students: that a university is the keeper of our ideals and morals, and should not be “disinterested“ but activist in bringing the nation“s ideals and actions together. Harvard“s men of today seem more troubled and less sure about personal, political and academic purpose than they did at
17、the beginning. They are not even clear about how they should debate and resolve their problems, but they are struggling with them privately, and how they come out is bound to influence American university and political life in the 1990s.（分数：10.00）(1).The issues in the debate on Harvard“s goals are w
18、hether the universities should remain independent of our society and its problems, and whether they should _.（分数：2.00）A.fight militarismB.overcome the widespread drug dependencyC.take an active part in solving society“s illsD.support our old and established institutions(2).In regard to their goals a
19、nd purposes in life, the author believes that Harvard men are becoming _.（分数：2.00）A.more sure about themB.less sure about themC.more hopeful of reaching a satisfactory answerD.completely disillusioned about ever(3).The word “paradox“ in paragraph 1 is _.（分数：2.00）A.a parenthetical expressionB.a diffi
20、cult puzzleC.an abnormal conditionD.a self-contradiction(4).The word “sanctuary“ in paragraph 3 is _.（分数：2.00）A.a holy place dedicated to a certain godB.a temple or nunnery of middle ageC.a certain place you can hide in and avoid mishapsD.an academy for intelligent people(5).In the author“s judgemen
21、t, the ferment going on at Harvard _.（分数：2.00）A.is a sad symbol of our general bewildermentB.will soon be over, because times are bound to changeC.is of interest mostly to Harvard men and their friendsD.will influence future life in America三、第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Tips for Good EmailThe obj
22、ective (目的) of all emails is to communicate. The writer needs the recipient to understand. So it is the writer“s job to write it well, not the recipient“s! But often the recipient has to spend a long time and work very hard to understand a message. Basically, sending “bad“ emails shows no respect fo
23、r the recipient and is not polite. The writer does a little work and the recipient does a lot of work. So here are several tips on the best way of sending emails and making life easier for everyone. When you write an email, at the top is a field called “Subject“ The subject tells recipients what you
24、r message is about, without reading the whole message. It also helps them organize their emails. Don“t just write “Your Email“ or “Letter“. Subjects like those are not very helpful. When someone receives an email with an attachment, they have to “open“ the attachment with the right program. Recipien
25、ts may not have the right program to open the attachment. Attachments may contain viruses, so some people don“t like to open attachments. Really big attachments can take a long time to download, especially on mobile phones. Many people do not like to receive attachments. Usually, it is better to sen
26、d inline text. Only send an attachment when it is not possible to send the information as inline text and you are sure the receiver agrees. In English, it is not polite to use a lot of capital letters. In fact, text written in capital letters is difficult to read. You never see a book written only i
27、n capital letters. Using all capital letters is called “yelling“, which is the same as shouting. For subjects, it“s sometimes OK to use capitals. But if you must make some words in the text more important, don“t do it with capitals. It“s a good idea, and more polite, to put your name at the end of y
28、our emails. You can even add other information like address, telephone and fax, especially for business. Many email services let you create an “auto-signature“ that appears at the end of every email you send.（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph : 1 A. No Attachments B. No Bad Email C. No Copy D. Subject Necessar
29、y E. No “Yelling“ F. Sign Email（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph : 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph : 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph : 1（分数：1.00）(5).Paragraph : 1（分数：1.00）(6).A bad email is an email that the recipient spends lots of time 1. A. reading and understanding B. don“t have proper cell phones C. organize their emails
30、 D. difficulty to read E. contain viruses F. more polite（分数：1.00）(7).Subjects help the recipient to 1.（分数：1.00）(8).People don“t like emails with attachments for they may 1.（分数：1.00）(9).Email with capital letters is 1.（分数：1.00）(10).Putting your name at the end of email is 1.（分数：1.00）四、第四部分：填句补文(总题数：1
31、，分数：10.00)Investment in the HappinessA few weeks ago, a friend of Smile Groups gifted me 100 to do good deeds with. 1 They have warmed my heart, but none so much as the gift I was able to give just an hour ago. I was in a shop looking at the second-hand books. 2 After a few minutes I became aware of
32、 a group of women standing behind me. They were poorly dressed and spoke in what sounded like an eastern European language. As the little girl, about three years old, came over to the toy section, immediately her attention was caught by a toy. 3 3 was the answer. 4 Then she simply shook her head. Th
33、e child didn“t react badly as some children might did. Being told no was obviously not a new experience for her. But she couldn“t keep the disappointment from her face. I had the total of four pounds in my pocket, two 2 coins. A moment later, I tapped the mother on the shoulder, and pointed to the c
34、oins which I had left and said, “Buy her a dolly, too.“ 5 After all, it“s not about being thanked. I made my way out of the shop and into the sunshine. The money my friend gave me was an investment in the happiness of the world. Was there any better way, I wondered, to get so much happiness with so
35、little money than to buy a toy for a little girl? A. I didn“t hang about to see the end result. B. The mum looked down at her child, perhaps calculating what she still had to buy and how much money she would have left. C. Since then I have used the money and have helped some strangers, generally rai
36、sing a lot of smiles. D. I thought of my own daughter left at home at that time. E. It just so happened that the bookshelves were next to the toy section. F. She spoke to her mother and her mother asked the shop assistant how much it cost.（分数：10.00）五、第五部分：填词补文(总题数：1，分数：15.00)There is a popular belie
37、f among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever 1 spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how much 2 it must be given over general language development and writ
38、ing ability. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and 3 in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling? If spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher“s interest, clearly a 4 child will be likely to “play safe“. He will tend to write only
39、 words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid 5 language. That“s why teachers often 6 the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability. I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: “This work is 7
40、! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible(难以辨认的).“ It may have been a sharp 8 of the pupil“s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which 9 some beautiful expressions of the child“s deep feelings
41、. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centred on the child“s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more 10 to seek improvement. A. priority B. criticism C. contained D. clearly E. adventurous F. di
42、scourage G. motivation H. terrible I. ignored J. encourage K. confidently L. bright（分数：15.00）六、第六部分：完形补文(总题数：1，分数：15.00)How to Improve a Child“s AppetiteMost children with 1 (health) appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered them. A child rarely dislikes food unless it is 2 (bad) co
43、oked. The way a meal is cooked and 3 (service) is most important and an 4 (attractive) served meal will often improve a child“s appetite. Never ask a child whether he likes or dislikes some food and never 5 (discussion) likes and dislikes in front of him or allow anybody else to do so. If the father
44、 says he hates fat meat or the mother refuses vegetables in the child“s 6 (hear) he is likely to copy this 7 (procedural). Take it for granted that he likes everything and he probably will. Nothing 8 (health) should be omitted from the meal because of a 9 (suppose) dislike. At meal times it is a goo
45、d idea to give a child a small portion and let him come back for a second helping rather than give him as much as he is 10 (like) to eat all at once. Do not talk too much to the child during meal times, but let him get on with his food; and do not allow him to leave the table immediately after a mea
46、l or he will soon learn to swallow his food so he can hurry back to his toys. Under no circumstances must a child be coaxed (哄骗) or forced to eat.（分数：15.00）七、第七部分：短文写作(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.请以 Jobs for Graduates 为题，根据下面的提示撰写一篇 120 词左右的英语短文。 (1)大学生难找工作； (2)原因很多； (3)解决的办法。 （分数：30.00）_英语(一)自考题模拟 17 答案解析(总分：
47、100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第一部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：10.00)CampingCamping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and, at its best, it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness, it is becoming more and more important to camp u
48、nobtrusively(不引人注目地)and leave no mark. Wild camping is not permitted in many places, particularly in crowded lowland Britain. Wherever you are, find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces, and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building. For example, i
49、t is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland, but in England you must ask the landowner“s permission, except in national parks. Camping is about having relaxation, sleeping outdoors, experiencing bad weather, and making do without modern conveniences. A busy, fully-equipped campsite (野营地)seems to go against this, so seek out smaller, more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches. Better still, find a campsite with no road access: walki
