1、英语(一)自考题分类模拟题 5 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)Messages from the MediaThe weather forecast, a story about the candidates in an election, and movie reviews are examples of messages from the media. A communication medium, of which the plural (复数的) form is media, is a means of communicating a message. Exam
2、ples of media are television, radio, newspapers and books and the telephone. The media that can reach many people at once are called mass media. It is not difficult to think of other messages we receive through the mass media. Every day we get hundreds of them. Think about advertisements, for exampl
3、e. We see and hear these messages almost everywhere we go. Advertisements are important messages. even though they are sometimes annoying. They help us compare and evaluate products. Most of us get more information from the media than from the classroom. Think for a moment, about how you learn about
4、 local news and events. Do you depend on other people or the media? What about international news? What is the most important source of information for you? People who are asked this question usually answer, “Television“. Think of all the messages you received today. Perhaps you read a newspaper dur
5、ing breakfast, or maybe you read advertisements on billboards (露天广告牌) on your way to school. Did you listen to a weather forecast or the sports news on the radio this morning? Right now you are getting information through a very important medium of mass communicationa book. We use the information we
6、 get from radio, television, newspapers, and other media to make decisions and form opinions. That is why the mass media are so important. Editorials and articles in newspapers help us decide how to vote, consumer reports on television help us decide how to spend our money, and international news on
7、 the radio makes us think and form opinions about questions of war and peace.（分数：15.00）(1).Paragraph 1 A. Importance of Classroom Learning. B. TelevisionA Rich Source of information. C. Advertisements as important Messages from the Mass Media. D. Various Messages One May Receive Each Day. E. MediaMe
8、ans to Communicate Messages. F. Importance of the Mass Media.（分数：1.50）(2).Paragraph 1（分数：1.50）(3).Paragraph 1（分数：1.50）(4).Paragraph 1（分数：1.50）(5).Paragraph 1（分数：1.50）(6).Each day we get a lot of messages from 1. A. sports news B. our decisions and opinions C. mass communication D. Advertisements E.
9、source of information F. the mass media（分数：1.50）(7).Television, radio and books are all important media of 1.（分数：1.50）(8). 1 help us compare and evaluate products.（分数：1.50）(9).For most people television is the most important 1.（分数：1.50）(10).The mass media are important to us because they shape 1.（分数
10、：1.50）Natural GasNatural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earth“s surface. It is a fossil fuel(矿物质燃料), meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years ago. The main component of natural gas is methane(甲烷). The popularity and use of clean natural
11、 gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as pipeline infrastructure(基础设) has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential, commercial and industrial customers worldwide. Today, natural gas service is available in all 50 states in the U. S. , and
12、 is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and industries. More than 65 million American homes use natural gas. In fact, natural gas is the most economical source for home energy needs, costing one-third as much as electricity. In addition to heating homes, much of the gas used in the
13、United States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products, from paint, to fibers for clothing, to plastics for healthcare, computing and furnishings. Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new electricity-generating power plants. Natural gas is one of the safest
14、and cleanest fuels available. It emits less pollution than other fossil fuel sources. When natural gas is burned, it produces mostly carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) and water vaporthe same substances emitted when humans exhale. Compared with some other fossil fuels, natural gas emits the least amount of carbon
15、 dioxide into the air when combusted(燃烧), making natural gas the cleanest burning fossil fuel of all. The United States consumes about one-third of the world“s natural gas output, making it the largest gas-consuming region in the world. The U. S. Department of Energy“s Energy In- formation Administr
16、ation forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025. There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earth“s surface. The largest reserves of natural gas can be found in Russia, West and North Africa and the Middle East. LNG(液化天然气) has been produced domestically and
17、imported in the United States for more than four decades. Today, the leading importers of LNG are Japan, Korea, France and Spain.（分数：15.00）(1).Paragraph 1 A. Popularity and use of natural gas. B. Natural gas reserves and supply. C. The definition of natural gas D. Clean fuel of choice. E. Disadvanta
18、ges of natural gas. F. Natural gas consumption.（分数：1.50）(2).Paragraph 1（分数：1.50）(3).Paragraph 1（分数：1.50）(4).Paragraph 1（分数：1.50）(5).Paragraph 1（分数：1.50）(6).Natural gas is stored deep 1. A. low amount releasing of carbon dioxide B. beneath the earth surface C. by more than 50 percent D. for more than
19、 four decades E. as a raw material F. for home energy needs（分数：1.50）(7).Natural gas is recognized as the most economical energy source 1.（分数：1.50）(8).When manufacturing many products, people commonly use natural gas 1.（分数：1.50）(9).Natural gas is cleaner than other fossil fuel sources, because of 1.（
20、分数：1.50）(10).It is estimated that by 2025 that natural gas demand in the United States will increase 1.（分数：1.50）Body LanguageBody language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 1 (loud) than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more messages than we realiz
21、e. In fact, 2 (verbal) communication takes up about 50% of what we really mean. And body language is particularly important when we attempt to communicate across 3 (culture). Indeed, what is called body language is so much a part of us that it“s actually often 4 (notice). And misunderstandings occur
22、 as a result of it. For ex- ample, different societies treat the distance between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 5 (body) contact (接触) even with friends, and certainly not with strangers. People from Latin American countries, on the other hand, touch each other qui
23、te a lot. Therefore, it“s possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is 6 (follow) a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 7 (close). The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep backing awaywhich the Latino will in
24、return regard as 8 (cold). Clearly, a great deal is going on when people talk. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from different cultures, there“s a strong possibility of 9 (understand). But whatever the situation, the best advice is to obey the Golden Rule. treat
25、 others as you would like to be 10 (treat).（分数：15.00）Digital WorldThe concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be 11 (share). Solitude can be hard to discover on
26、ce it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have shaped our culture. The desire to be connected has 12 (bring) solitude to an end as we“ve known it. People have become so 13 (reach) in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted even if they“d rather not be.
27、Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog(写博客), not only from our computers, but from our mobile phones as well. Most developed nations have become dependent on digital technology simply because they“ve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not 14 (use) it would make them an 15 (outside). A
28、lso, many jobs and careers require people to be connected. From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a burden to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times. I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible f
29、or anyone who 16 (real) wants it. Computers can be shut down and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be “connected“ and “on“ has many 17 (advantage), as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up lost on mountains, and mobile phones have saved 18 (count) lives. They can also make peo
30、ple feel 19 (trap) and forced to answer unwanted calls or reply to unwanted texts. Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society vary across generations. Some find today“s technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. 20 (regard) of anyone“s view on the subject, it“s hard to imagine what life wo
31、uld be like without daily advancements in technology.（分数：15.00）TV Game ShowsOne of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the “best seller“ list with a sale of fewer than 100,000 copies, but a popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewers. TV c
32、an make anything or anyone well-known overnight. This is the principle behind “quiz“ or “game“ shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars just for fun. But all of this money can create prob
33、lems. For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the US and almost everyone watched them. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a television personality. But one of the losers proved that Charle
34、s Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the show“s producers who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand. Why? Because if the audience didn“t like the person who won the game, they turned the show off. The result of this cheating was a huge scandal.
35、 Based on his story, a movie under the title “Quiz Show“ is on 40 years later. Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But game shows are still here, though they aren“t taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are shows that send strangers on vaca
36、tion trips together, or that try to cause newly-married couples to fight on TV, or that punish losers by humiliating them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions.（分数：10.00）(1).TV ca
37、n make a beggar world-famous overnight. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The principle behind “quiz“ or “game“ shows is to put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Prizes and money for winners are usually provided by TV stars
38、 and large companies. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Charles Van Doren became rich and popular after participating quiz shows. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).One of the TV personalities, Charles Van Doren, was proved to be cheating by persuading the Show“s producers to give h
39、im the answers beforehand. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The show“s producers help the person win the game who are popular among the audience. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The huge scandal of cheating on TV game shows was not exposed until 40 years later in the movie “Quiz
40、 Show“. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(8).Charles Van Doren is still an English instructor now. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(9).Nowadays game shows are not treated as seriously as they used to be. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(10).Winners of present-day TV game shows no
41、 longer get money from the shows. _（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedThe Illusion of PerfectionAs I watch TV, images of famous, beautiful celebrities and their amazing lifestyles are drooled over. At first I find myself sharing in the admiration of these models with their skinny bodies and protr
42、uding bones. But then I realize what a false and sugar-coated image I am falling victim to. 1 It“s something I shouldn“t look up to or mimic in order to be what society considers flawless. A typical morning of a teenage girl such as myself consists of painting a not so immaculate face with expensive
43、 makeup to cover up any imperfections, continuing with a strict diet in the hope of losing more weight, and dressing in clothes I don“t necessarily like in a desperate attempt to be more like the gorgeous women I see every day. This is part of daily life. 2 Every day there are images of celebrities
44、such as Mary-Kate Olsen, Lindsay Lohan, and Nicole Richie, who are viewed as role models, even idolized, although they continue to live unhealthy lives for the whole world to see. 3 4 Instead of being filled with self-doubt and dissatisfaction, I have come to feel the need to be full of self-confide
45、nce and pride in my individuality and appearance, regardless of the media and the way celebrities are portrayed. I feel sure that I should not allow myself to be defined by the expectations of others but rather hold fast to my own standards and convictions. I have come to realize just how much our m
46、edia has become obsessed with thinness and weight-loss and how I have been in danger of being affected by it as 3 teenage girl. Falling under this spell could easily lead to serious self-image issues as well as the stress of measuring up to the all too thin role models of today. 5 AHowever, I believ
47、e it is important for teens not to give in to media pressure. BThis is why I now try to live my life free of the constant worry to be something I“m not, and to live a healthy life. CI believe in striving towards being happy with my own self-image and in resisting pressure to the world“s standards of
48、 perfection. DHowever, seeing the increasing problem of eating disorders, especially in the celebrity world, has opened my eyes to the importance of not succumbing to the influence of the glitter of Hollywood. EBehind the pretty exterior is a lifestyle full of insecurity, eating disorder and self-ha
49、rm. FSuch celebrities in effect promote eating disorders in young people.（分数：10.00）Using Humor EffectivelyIf you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to
