1、英语(一)自考题-7 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)True FriendshipTrue Friendship-RecognitionHow can we find true friendship in this often phony, temporary world? Friendship involves recognition or familiarity with anothers personality. Friends often share likes and dislikes, interests, pursui
2、ts, and passion.How can we recognize potential friendship? Signs include a mutual desire for companionship and perhaps a common bond of some kind. Beyond that, genuine friendship involves a shared sense of ca ring and concern, a desire to see one another grow and develop, and a hope for each other t
3、o succeed in all aspects of life. True friendship involves action: doing something for someone else while expecting nothing in return; sharing thoughts and feelings without fear of judgement or negative criticism.True Friendship-Relationship, Trust, AccountabilityTrue friendship involves relationshi
4、p. Those mutual attributes we mentioned above become the foundation in which recognition transpires into relationship. Many people say, “Oh, hes a good friend of mine,“ yet they never take time to spend time with that “good friend.“ Friendship takes time:time to get to know each other, time to build
5、 shared memories, time to invest in each others growth.Trust is essential to true friendship. We all need someone with whom we can share our lives, thoughts, feelings, and frustrations. We need to be able to share our deepest secrets with someone, without worrying that those secrets will end up on t
6、he Internet the next day Failing to be trustworthy with those intimate secrets can destroy a friendship in a hurry. Faithfulness and loyalty are keys to.true friendship. Without them, we often feel betrayed, left out, and lonely. In true friendship, there is no backbiting, no negative thoughts, no t
7、urning away.True friendship requires certain accountability factors. Real friends encourage one another and forgive one another where there has been an offense. Genuine friendship supports during times of struggle. Friends are dependable. In true friendship, unconditional love develops. We love our
8、friends no matter what and we always want the best for our friends.（分数：10.00）(1).Friends often share likes and dislikes, interests, pursuits, and passion._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).True friendship involves action: doing something for someone else while expecting something in r
9、eturn._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).Trust is essential to true friendship._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).Failing to be trustworthy with those intimate secrets doesnt have to destroy a friendship._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).Friendship takes
10、 time._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).In true friendship, there is no backbiting, no negative thoughts, no turning away._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).True friends must have common interests._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(8).Sometimes we need to b
11、e alone._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(9).Faithfulness and loyalty are keys to true friendship._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(10).True friendship requires accountability-flee factors._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.二、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The Mystery of the F
12、amous Word CollectorOne of the greatest contributors to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language. It
13、would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations(引文) showing how it was used.This was a huge task, so Murray had to find volunteers from Britain, the United States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, mag
14、azine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American surgeon who bad served in the Civil War and was now living in England. He gave his address, as “Broadmoor, Crowthorne, Berkshire,“ 50 miles from Oxford.Minor joined t
15、he army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray. Over the next 17 years, he became one of the staffs most valued contributors.But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. So in 1897, Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne hims
16、elf. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum (精神病院) for the Criminally Insane.Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued
17、 to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds.In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend.Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dicti
18、onary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414 825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary_. A. came out before Minor died B. was edited by an American volunteer C. incl
19、uded the English words invented by Murray D. was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How did Dr. Minor contribute to the dictionary?_ A. He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers. B. He sent newspapers, magazines and books to Murray. C. He provided a great
20、number of words and quotations. D. He went to England to work with Murray.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Why did Dr. Minor refuse to visit Oxford?_ A. He was shut in an asylum. B. He lived far from Oxford. C. He was busy writing a book. D. He disliked traveling.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor
21、became friends mainly because _. A. they both served in the Civil War B. they had a common interest in words C. Minor recovered with the help of Murray D. Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following best describes Dr. Minor?_ A. Brave and determined. B.
22、 Cautious and friendly. C. Considerate and optimistic. D. Unusual and scholarly.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.三、B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)Facts about Stroke1 Every 45 seconds, someone in America has a stroke. Every 3.1 minutes, someone dies of one. Stroke killed an estimated 167, 661 people in 2000 and is the nations thi
23、rd leading cause of death, ranking behind diseases of the heart and all forms of cancer. Stroke is a leading cause of serious, long term disability in the United States.2 Stroke is a type of cardiovascular(心血管的) disease. It affects the arteries(动脉) leading to and within the brain. A stroke occurs wh
24、en a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients(营养物) to the brain is either blocked by a clot (凝块) or bursts. When that hap pens, part of the brain cant get the blood(and oxygen)it needs, so it starts to die.3 The brain is an extremely complex organ that controls various body functions. If a str
25、oke occurs and blood flow cant reach the region that controls a particular body function, that part of the body wont work as it should. If the stroke occurs toward the back of the brain, for instance, its likely that some disability involving vision will result. The effects of a stroke depend primar
26、ily on the location of the obstruction(阻塞) and the extent of brain tissue affected.4 The American Stroke Association has identified several factors that increase the risk of stroke. The more risk factors a person has, the greater the chance that he or she will have a stroke. Some of these you cant c
27、ontrol, such as increasing age, family health history, race, and prior stroke. But you can change or treat other risk factors to lower your risk. Factors resulting from lifestyle or environment can be modified with a healthcare providers help. Some of these include high blood pressure, current smoki
28、ng, heart disease, and high red blood cell count.A stroke can happen to anyone at any moment. In fact about 600, 000 people have strokes every year. For many years, there was no hope for those suffering a stroke. However, recent breakthroughs have led to new treatments. For the treatments to work, t
29、he person must get to a hospital immediately.A. Effects of a strokeB. Stroke in the USC. Definition and description of a strokeD. Breakthroughs in treatmentE. Risk factors of strokeF. Warning signs of a stroke（分数：5.00）(1).Paragraph 1_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3_（分
30、数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A. suffer from a strokeB. will be affectedC. change their lifestylesD. wont work as it shouldE. occurs at the back of his/her brainF. controls various body functions（分数：5.00）(1).When a stroke occurs, the arteries leading t
31、o and within the brain _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).When a stroke occurs, the region that controls a particular body function probably _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).A persons vision is likely to be affected if a stroke _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Some people can reduce their risk of stroke if they _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).
32、New treatments are now available to people who _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Bus Chicks ManifestoWhen I was in the third grade, I started riding the Metro bus alone. At first, I was only allowed to ride to school, but eventually my parents extended the privilege to include my favorite childho
33、od haunts: Grandmas apartment, Pike Place Market and, in the summer, Seattle Center. U U 1 /U /UIt gave me power rare among my eightyear-old peers: the ability to get around the city without the assistance of an adult.By the time I turned 16, a new power beckoned:a form of transportation that was av
34、ailable on demand and did not require an umbrella or an extra pair of gloves like most young Americans, I believed the auto industrys propaganda that a car was necessary for my transition to adulthood. For the next ten years-except for a short time in college, when I found myself unable to afford a
35、vehicle of my own-I left the bus behind. U U 2 /U /UDuring my commutes, I became more aware of the negative impact of car culture:pollution, sprawl, isolation and fatalities. I began to question my right to subject my beloved city to the impact of my choices. So I returned to my roots and began ridi
36、ng the bus to Work. U U 3 /U /UI sold my lovely silver coupe in March 2003 and have used the bus as my primary means of transport ever since.Riding the bus isnt always fun. I dont like riding it on rainy days, when the floor is slippery and the windows are so fogged up that you cant see your stop. I
37、 dont like standing when the bus is crowded. U U 4 /U /UI dont like practical hairstyles or sensible shoes. Despite these occasional inconveniences, I will never go back to driving, because what I believe is this:I believe in sitting next to my neighbors, in saying “Howre you doing today?“ and “Nice
38、 weather, isnt it?“ U U 5 /U /UI believe in eavesdropping. I believe in novels you cant put down. I believe in business people and teenage lovers, middle-aged gossips and giggling toddlers. I believe in watching and listening. I believe in naps. I believe in the camaraderie that develops among rider
39、s late at night, when the mouth-voiced driver plays jazz loud enough for everyone to enjoy.A. I believe that change is possible-if all of us ride.B. I believe in feeling the sun on my skin, in breathing fresh air and moving my body.C. Eventually, I was using my car so rarely that I decided to try li
40、ving without one.D. Back then, the bus symbolized independence.E. I dont like drivers who ride the brakes.F. But then I accepted a job at a software company based 15 miles outside the city.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Melissa PoeMelissa Poe was 9 years old when she
41、 U U 1 /U /Ua campaign for a cleaner environment by writing a letter to then President Bush. Through her own efforts, her letter was reproduced on over 250 donated billboards(广告牌) U U 2 /U /Uthe country.The response to her plea for help was so U U 3 /U /Uthat Poe established Kids For A Cleaner Envir
42、onment(Kids F.A.C.E.) in 1989. There are now 300, 000 U U 4 /U /Uof Kids F. A. C. E. worldwide and is the worlds largest youth environmental organization.Poe has also petitioned the National Park Service to U U 5 /U /Ua “Childrens Forest“ project in every national park. In 1992, she was invited as o
43、ne of only six children in the world to speak at the Earth Summit in Brazil as part of the Voices of the Future Program. In 1993, she was given a Caring Award for her U U 6 /U /Uby the Caring Institute.Since the organization started, Kids F. A. C. E. members have distributed and planted over 1 milli
44、on trees! Ongoing tree-planting projects include the U U 7 /U /Uof Kids Yards-backyard wildlife habitats (栖息地)-and now Kids F. A. C. E. is involved in the exciting Earth Odyssey, which is a great way to start helping.“Starting the club U U 8 /U /Uout to be a way to help people get involved with the
45、environment-club members started doing things like recycling, picking up litter and planting trees as well as inviting other kids to join their club.“We try to tell kids that its not OK to be lazy, she explains. “You need to start being a responsible, environmentally U U 9 /U /Uper son now, right aw
46、ay, U U 10 /U /Uyou become a resource-sucking adult.“A. creation B. across C. implementD. before E. members F. beganG. turned H. purpose I. overwhelmingJ. efforts K. friendly L. professional（分数：15.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The Impact Of MusicTo describe the impact and influence that music has had both in and on my life, I need a word much more serious than important. Music has always been an integral, intimate and essential part of my life. At various times it has been both inti
