1、英语(一)自考题-6 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)winnersWhen something goes wrong, it can be very satisfying to say, “Well, its so-and-sos fault.“ or “I know Im late, but its not nay fault; the car broke down.“ It is probably not your fault, but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or
2、 something else for a bad situation, you are a loser. You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. However, you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winners key to
3、 Success.Winners are great at overcoming problems. For example, if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you need to have your car examined more regularly. Or, you might start to carry along with you the useful phone numbers, so you could call for help when in need. For another example, i
4、f your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person. Ask to work with a different person, or dont rely on the person. You should accept that the person is not reliable a
5、nd find creative ways to work successfully regardless of how your colleague fails to do his job well.This is what being a winner is all about creatively using your skills and talents so that you are successful no matter what happens. Winners dont have fewer problems in their lives; they have lust as
6、 many difficult situations to face as anybody else. They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents. So, stop focusing on “whose fault it is.“ Once you are confident about your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stop on fo
7、r success.（分数：10.00）(1).You are a loser when you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a had situation._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).Winners will never blame somebody or something else for a bad situation._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).Winner
8、s are good at dealing with problems._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).If you were late because your ear broke down, maybe you need to examine your ear more regularly._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).You should rely on your colleague even if he has caused you problems
9、 on the job._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).Being a winner is to creatively use your skills and talents._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Winners have fewer problems in their lives._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(8).Winners see the problems as challen
10、ges and opportunities to develop their talents._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(9).Losers have no challenges or opportunities to develop their talents._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(10).You should stop focusing on “whose fault it is“ if you want to be a winner._ A. True
11、 B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.二、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Nauru-an ecological disaster areaThe Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequence-other countries might learn from its mistakes.Fo
12、r thousands of years, Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.However, because it was very remote, Nauru b
13、ad little communication with Europeans at first. Then whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1400 to 900.Naurus r
14、eal troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸盐)on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which is a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate.A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground;
15、 it is a strip mine. When a company strip mines, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip-mining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Ev
16、ery year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problemtheir phos
17、phate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was almost financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately 433600000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.（分数：10.00）(1).What might be the
18、authors purpose in writing the text?_ A. To seek help for Naurus problems. B. To give a warning to other countries. C. To show the importance of money. D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?_ A. Rich and powerful. B. Modern and o
19、pen. C. Peaceful and attractive. D. Greedy and aggressive.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from _ A. soil pollution B. phosphate overmining C. farming activity D. whale hunting（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following was a cause of Naurus financial problem?_ A. Its l
20、eaders misused the money, B. It spent too much repairing the island. C. Its phosphate mining cost much money. D. It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?_ A. The ecological damage is difficult to repair. B. The leaders w
21、ill take the experts words seriously. C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans. D. The phosphate mines were destroyed.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.三、B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)News Spreading1 With the arrival of the age of “information economy“, intellectual work is becoming a more important source of wealth than manu
22、facturing. Organizations in all walks of life are doing more to spread their information. So people of the Public Relations are hired to speak for them. A lot of our news is actually collected from press releases and reports of events intentionally staged for journalists. In the information age, jou
23、rnalists spend their time, not investigating, but passing on the words of a spokesperson.2 There is a joke in the novel Scoop about the newspapers owner, Lord Copper. The editors can never disagree with him. When hes right about something they answer “definitely“, and when hes wrong they say “to som
24、e extent, Lord Copper.“ It seems reasonable to suppose that, in the real world, the opinions of such powerful people still influence the journalists and editors who work for them.3 In countries where the news is not officially controlled, it may be provided by commercial organizations that depend on
25、 advertising. The news has to attract viewers and maintain its audience ratings. I sus pect that some stories get air-time just because there happen to be exciting pictures to show. In Britain, we have the tabloid newspapers which millions of people read simply for entertainment. There is progressiv
26、ely less room for historical background, Or statistics, which are harder to present as a sensational story.4 There is an argument that with spreading access to the internet and cheap technology for recording sound and images we will all be able to find exactly the information we want. People around
27、the world will be able to publish their own eye witness accounts and compete with the widely-accepted news-gatherers on equal terms. But what it will mean also is that well be subjected to a still greater amount of nonsense and lies. Any web log may contain the latest information of the year, or equ
28、ally, a made-up story that you will never be able to check.5 Maybe the time has come to do something about it, and I dont just mean changing your choice of TV channel or newspaper. In a world where everyone wants you to listen to their version, you only have two choices., switch off altogether or st
29、art looking for sources you can trust. The investigative journalist of the future is everyone who wants to know the truth.A. Manufacturing industry in information economyB. News in the age of informationC. Argument about individual accounts and their reliabilityD. Be your own investigative journalis
30、tE. Dont believe everything you read in the newspapersF. Information presented in an entertaining way（分数：5.00）(1).Paragraph 1_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A. may be wrongB. rely on adve
31、rtisementsC. the internet and sound and images recordingD. press workersE. pass on informationF. are alien and utterly foreign（分数：5.00）(1).In the modern age, journalists take time to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Powerful peoples views still exert effect on _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Any web log may contain the
32、information that _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).News may be offered by commercial organizations that _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Thanks to the development of _ we can find exactly the information we want.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)A Priceless Lesson in HumilityStanding outside the Ronald Reagan Center, I h
33、eard a voice say, “Can you help me?“ When I turned around, I saw an elderly blind woman with her hand extended. U U 1 /U /UI was annoyed at Being bothered by a beggar.But the blind woman smiled and said, “I dont want your money. I just need help finding the post office. “In an instant, I realized wh
34、at I had done. U U 2 /U /UI hated what I saw in myself. This incident reawakened my core belief. U U 3 /U /UThe thing I had forgotten about myself was that I am an immigrant. U U 4 /U /UI started my new life with two suitcases, my brother arid sister, and a strong, no nonsense mother. Over the years
35、, I had been a dishwasher, roofer, cashier, mechanic and pizza delivery driver among many other humble jobs, and eventually I became a network engineer.U U 5 /U /UI remember a time, at the age of 17, when I was a busboy, I heard a father tell his little boy that, if he did not do well in school, he
36、would end up like me. I have also witnessed similar treatment of my family and friends, so I know what its like, and I should have known better.A. It reaffirmed that I believed in humility, even though I had failed to do so for a moment.B. In my own life, I have experienced many open acts of prejudi
37、ce.C. In a natural reflex, I reached into my pocket, pulled out all of my loose change and placed it in her hand without even looking at her.D. I had acted out of prejudiceI had judged another person sire ply for what I assumed she had to be.E. I left Honduras and arrived in the U.S. at the age of 1
38、5.F. I helped that lady to the post office.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Richard and GeorgeEven at school there had been an unhealthy U U 1 /U /Ubetween George and Richard.“Ill be the first millionaire in Coleford!“ Richard used to boast.“And youll be sorry you knew
39、 me“, George would reply “be cause Ill be the best lawyer in town!“George never did become a lawyer and Richard never made any money. Instead both men opened bookshops on U U 2 /U /Usides of Cole ford High Street. It was hard to make money from books, which made the competition between them worse.Th
40、en Richard married a mysterious girl. The couple U U 3 /U /Utheir honeymoon on the coast-but Richard never came back. The police found his wallet on a deserted beach but the body was never found. He must have U U 4 /U /U.Now with only one bookshop in town, business was U U 5 /U /Ufor George. But som
41、etimes he sat in his narrow, old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window, thinking U U 6 /U /Uhis former rival(竞争对手). Perhaps he missed him?George was very interested in old dictionaries. Hed recently found a collector in Australia who was selling a rare first edition. When the parcel arrived, the
42、 book was in perfect condition and George was U U 7 /U /U. But while he was having lunch, George glanced U U 8 /U /Uthe photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in. He was astonished-the U U 9 /U /Uface was older than he remembered but unmistakable! Trembling, George started reading.“Bo
43、okends have bought ten bookstores from their rivals Dylans. The company, owned by multi millionaire Richard Pike, is now the U U 10 /U /Ubookseller in Australia.“A. smiling B. about C. betterD. delighted E. competition F. drownedG. opposite H. largest I. atJ. habit K. spent L. went（分数：15.00）填空项 1:_填
44、空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Childrens ReadingIf you look for a book as a present fur a child. You will be spoiled for choice even in a year there is no new Harry Patter. J. K Powlings wizard is not alone the past decade has been a harvest for good
45、 childrens hooks, which has set off a large quantity of films and an U U 1 /U /U(increase)sales of classics such as The lard of the Rings.Yet despite that, U U 2 /U /U(read) is increasingly unpopular among children, according to statistics in 1997 23% said they didnt like reading in all. In 2003, 35
46、% did. And around 6% of children leave primary school each year U U 3 /U /U(able) to read properly.Maybe the decline is U U 4 /U /U(cause) by the increasing availability of computes games. Maybe the books boom has affected only the top of the educational pile. Either way, Chancellor Cordon Brown plans to change things for the bottom of the class. In his pre-budget report, he U U 5 /U /U(announce) the national project of Reading Recovery to help the children str
