1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 45 及答案解析(总分：102.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Stomach Ulcer Stomach ulcers(溃疡) are the cause of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers. They could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they may have f
2、ound a way to cure people who suffer from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent of the population will develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people. Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tears. These wounds can ha
3、rm the tissue (生物组织) in the stomach, the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of the small intestines (肠). Fluids (液体)in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer? Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their chest
4、 or stomach. This pain often is called heart-burn. It usually happens before eating or during the night. It causes some people to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs. Doctors believed that ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged st
5、omach tissue. Now they have discovered that most ulcers are caused by a bacterial (细菌的) organism (有机体) called Hillico Bactor Pilorie or H Pilorie. H Pilorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics(抗生素
6、). Health experts say the discovery of a cure for ulcers can save thousands of millions of dollars in medical costs. They also believe curing ulccrs will reduce the number of people who develop stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and parts o
7、f Africa. Doctors say a person is more likely to get an ulcer if someone in his or her family has had one. In fact a person with the family history of ulcers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an ulcer. Doctors say it
8、 is more important to reduce the amount of strong fluids in the stomach. To do this, doctors say, people should not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. And they say people should reduce tension in their lives.（分数：20.00）(1).Doctors have been able to reduce the pain caused by stomach ulcers.（分数：2.00）A.
9、TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(2).Now doctors can successfully cure stomach ulcers.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(3).Some people are likely to suffer from the stomach pain at some time in their life.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(4).People with ulcers usually feel a burning pain in their chest or stom
10、ach when they are eating.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(5).There has been a change in doctors understanding of the cause of stomach ulcers.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(6).Stomach ulcer can lead to stomach cancer.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(7).People who eat a lot of spicy food are also
11、 easy to have stomach ulcers.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(8).H Pilorie bacteria cannot be killed.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(9).If a persons family has had an ulcer, he is three times more likely to get ulcer than people without a family history of ulcers.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given
12、(10).Tension in life can increase the likelihood of getting a stomach ulcer.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given二、阅读选择(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Television Televisionthe most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growthis moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophist
13、ication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies. The word “television“, derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and Latin (vision: sight) roots, can literally be
14、interpreted as sight from a distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image (focused on a special photoconductive plate within a camera) into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wir
15、e or cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set),can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image. Television is more than just an electronic system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool fo
16、r reaching other human beings. The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals. Second, there is non-broadcast television,
17、 which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques. Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to
18、 what exists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, and CBS, who have been the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our perception of it a
19、s well. We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the literal meaning of the word “television“?（分数：2.00）A.Medium of the masses.B.Sight from a distance.C.Airwave transmission.D.Vehicle f
20、or communication.(2).What field of television is intended for specific groups?（分数：2.00）A.Broad-based.B.Reconstituted.C.Traditional.D.Non-broadcast.(3).According to the passage, how many major networks are there?（分数：2.00）A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.(4).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the p
21、assage as a function of electronics in television transmissions?（分数：2.00）A.The conversion of an image into electronic impulses.B.The sending of impulses through a wire cable.C.The changing of one image into another image.D.The feeding of impulses into a receiver.(5).Which of the following statements
22、 about the relationship between television and its viewers can best be inferred from the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Viewers do not take an active role in watching television.B.Viewers would prefer increased news coverage.C.Viewers like to use television to reach other human beings.D.Viewers have grown tired
23、 of television.三、概括段落大意和补全句子(总题数：2，分数：20.00)Volts From the Sky Lightning has caused awe and wonder since old times. Although Benjamin Franklin demonstrated lightning as enormous electrical discharge more than 200 years ago, many puzzles still surround this powerful phenomenon. Lightning is generated
24、 when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels
25、 negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points. A flow of electrons begins between the cloud and earth. When the voltage charge becomes large enough, it breaks through the insulating barrier of
26、air, and electrons zigzag earthward. We see the discharge as lightning. Lightning can occur within a cloud, between clouds, or between clouds and the ground. The first variety, intra-cloud lightning, is the most frequent but is often hidden from our view. Cloud-to-ground lightning, making up about 2
27、0 percent of lightning discharges, is what we usually see. Lightning comes in several forms, including sheet, ribbon, and ball. Intra-cloud lightning can illuminate a cloud so it looks like a white sheet, hence its name. When cloud-to-ground lightning occurs during strong winds, they can shift the l
28、ightning channel sideways, so it looks like a ribbon. The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves h
29、orizontally, and lasts for several seconds. Thunder is generated by the tremendous heat released in a lightning discharge. Temperatures near the discharge can reach as high as 50,000 F within thousandths of a second. This sudden heating acts as an explosion, generating shock waves we hear as thunder
30、. About 2,000 thunderstorms are occurring in the world at any tie, generating about 100 lighting strikes every second, or 8 million daily. Within the United States, lightning strikes are estimated at 20 million a year, or about 22,000 per day. You have a l-in-600,000 chance of being struck by lightn
31、ing during your lifetime. Lightning can strike twice or more in the same spot. The Empire State Building in New York is struck by lightning about two dozen times annually.A. Lightening Causes Puzzles to PeopleB. Types of LightningC. Causes of LightningD. Differences Between Thunder and ThunderstormE
32、. Frequencies of Thunderstorms Occurring in the World and the U. S.F. Shock Waves as Thunder（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph （分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph （分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph （分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph （分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph （分数：2.00）填空项 1:_A. occurs most infrequentlyB. is shifted sideway
33、s by strong windsC. strike twice or more in the same spotD. is equipped with a good knowledge of various forms of lightningE. is estimated at 20 million a yearF. is positively charged（分数：10.00）(1).In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).One form of light
34、ning that 1is ball lightning.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Cloud lightning looks like a ribbon when its lighting channel 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Although not fully understanding processes of lightning, man 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Lightening can 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_四、填句补文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Life Can Be Happy and Meaning
35、ful Not long ago, a poll was conducted among students in a middle school. They were asked to make a choice between these two sentences“No one can be happy “and “One can be happy“. Shockingly enough, about 60 percent of the students agreed to the first statement. But to live on, wed better say to our
36、selves that there is happiness in life. 1 The more I think, the more I am convinced that if we have a right attitude towards life, our lives can surely be happy and meaningful. It is true that all people have some bitter experiences. 2 Many people admire Madam Curie, and say with a sigh, “If I could
37、 live like her, I would be the happiest person in the world.“ But if we take a close look at her life, we will find her happiness is closely connected with her misfortunes. First of all, she did not have a happy childhood. 3 In her research work, she had to sit up late night after night. She experie
38、nced many losses, tooshe lost her beloved father, her dear husband, and later her eyesight. But she never complained and never stopped working for the benefit of mankind. That is why her life was happy and meaningful. 4 Some people complain that their work is insignificant and thus their lives are m
39、eaningless. But what kind of work is significant? Worker, peasants, teachers, and scientists, they are all working for the welfare of mankind, themselves included. That is where the meaning of life lies. 5 Once a friend of mine told me he felt very wretched for having to work as a teacher. “ Our liv
40、es can be compared to candles. While giving light to others, we ourselves are burning out. Our students may become famous one day, but what will become of us? We shall only remain what we arefameless and wealthless. “ Paradoxically, I would rather think he was giving a vivid description of the noble
41、ness of a teacher. Different people may think of life differently. But of one thing I am certain: happiness never favors those who merely care about themselves, and the meaning of life cannot be understood by those who refuse to sacrifice anything for others.A. But some people seem to think little o
42、f such a life.B. She awoke to the realities of life.C. When she was in France, she studied twice as hard as others but lived a poor and simple life.D. She fought against life s bitterness and difficulties and conquered them all.E. I have been thinking of this question ever since.F. But it is through
43、 overcoming hardships that our happiness emerges.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、填词补文(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Immigration and Problems Hundreds of thousands of people supporting immigration rights in the US filled streets all over America in early 2006. Many held signs and American flags and a
44、sked to be 1 as citizens rather than criminals. Senator John McCain held the opinion that the country should open a 2 to citizenship to immigrants (移民) who were already in the country illegally, while other politicians 3 for stricter measuresincluding rounding up undocumented immigrants and sending
45、them back to their home countries. Canadian officials say that immigration applications continue to rise. Some want to keep the doors 4 They need the labor. About 400,000 immigrants were allowed into the country in 2005, according to the Canadian Government statistics. 5,all this growth means that c
46、ities need to adapt. New comers dont always make a smooth transition into jobs for which they are skilled. So industries are using mentoring (辅导) programs to help new 6 find proper jobs. With the large numbers of undocumented African immigrants arriving in the Canary Islands, the Spanish Government
47、has decided to get 7 There will be no more mass amnesties (特赦) for the illegal immigrants, and anyone coming to Spain without 8 will be sent back. Frances new immigration and integration law gives the government new powers to encourage high-skilled migration. It takes 9 in 2007. The new law authoriz
48、es the government to help these identified employers find immigrant workers with needed skills or qualifications. The selected foreign employees will be granted “skills and talents“ visas (签证). But some people show the concern that itll cause brain drain in 10 countries.A. immigrantsB. HoweverC. developmentD. pathE. openF. toughG. effect H. ThereforeI. developedJ. permissionK. treatedL. called（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
