1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 33 及答案解析(总分：102.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The Workers Role in Management Traditionally, it has been the workers role to work and managements role to manage. Managers have planned and directed the firm s operations with little thought to consulting (咨询) the labor force. Managers
2、 have rarely felt compelled (被迫) to obtain the workers opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees. At most, companies have provided “suggestion boxes“ in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures. In recent years, however, many management specialists have been arguing t
3、hat workers are more than sellers of laborthey play a vital role in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management. Furthermore, major company decisions greatly affect workers and their dependents. This is particularly true of plant closings, which may put thousands
4、on the unemployment lines. Should workers play a stronger role in management? Workers should have a role in management. At the very least the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions. A common complaint among rank-and-file workers(普通工人) is the lack of information about company polici
5、es and actions. Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims (受害者) of plant closings and permanent layoffs (解雇) , often with no warning. At least 90 days notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust. Management should consult workers before clos
6、ing a plant because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions (让步) that will help keep the plant operating. It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial (管理的) decision making. There oug
7、ht to be representatives (代表) of the workers on the firm s board of directors or other major policy-making groups. If rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow, they will help to make improvements, their morale(土气) will rise, and their productivity will
8、increase. As a further incentive(激励) they must be given a share in the companys profits. This can be done through employee stock-ownership plans, bonuses (奖金) , or rewards for efficiency and productivity. Finally, when a plant can no longer operate at a profit, the workers should be given the opport
9、unity to purchase (购买) the plant and run it themselves.（分数：20.00）(1).Traditional workers showed no interest in management.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(2).“Suggestion box“ is one of the many ways for workers to engage in management.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(3).Since policy decisions are
10、business secrets of a firm, workers should not be informed of them.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(4).Before closing, a plant should put up a notice and keep it for 90 days.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(5).Companies should tell their major policy decisions to the workers.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.False
11、C.Not Given(6).The workers participation(参与) in management might save a plant from closing down.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(7).Board of directors is the major policymaking group in many companies.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(8).One of the advantages of involving workers in making a decisi
12、on is that the interpersonal relationship between workers and managers can be improved.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(9).An efficient and productive worker should be rewarded with anything but shares in the companys profits.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(10).Workers should be allowed to buy th
13、e plant if it cannot make a profit anymore.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given二、阅读选择(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The Language of Music A painter hangs his or her finished picture on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and pla
14、yers have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficie
15、ncy of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right armtwo entirely differen
16、t movements. Singers and instrumentalists have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuners responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulti
17、es: the hammers that hit the strings have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion (撞击、碰撞) and each overlapping tone has to sound clear. This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors; they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and th
18、ey have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical (狂热的) but selfless authority. Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written i
19、n any century.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.It is easier to study medicine than music.B.Painters and composers use totally different methods to reach the public.C.All musicians must know how to time their own instruments.D.Musicians must acq
20、uire technique and understanding to perform well.(2).According to the passage, performers could best meet their obligation to composers by doing which of the following?（分数：2.00）A.Taking courses in art appreciation.B.Knowing how the music was intended to be performed.C.Studying works written at diffe
21、rent periods in history.D.Rearranging musical scores for their particular instrument.(3).Why does the author mention athletes and ballet dancers?（分数：2.00）A.To contrast the requirements of each field of study.B.To discourage music students from continuing their studies.C.To motivate students to work
22、harder to achieve their goals.D.To show that music students must develop great physical coordination.(4).According to the passage, the advantage that pianists have over other instrumentalists is that they do NOT_.（分数：2.00）A.tune their own instruments.B.practice as often.C.use their muscles.D.aim for
23、 clarity of sound.(5).Whats the passage most likely to discuss in detail in the following paragraphs?（分数：2.00）A.How to grasp the technique of performing.B.How to acquire the understanding of music.C.How to educate first-class performers.D.How to write successful compositions.三、概括段落大意和补全句子(总题数：2，分数：2
24、0.00)Volts From the Sky 1 Lightning has caused awe and wonder since old times. Although Benjamin Franklin demonstrated lightning as enormous electrical discharge more than 200 years ago, many puzzles still surround this powerful phenomenon. 2 Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate i
25、n rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on th
26、e grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points. A flow of electrons begins between the cloud and earth. When the voltage charge becomes large enough, it breaks through the insulating barrier of air, and electrons zigzag earthward
27、. We see the discharge as lightning. 3 Lightning can occur within a cloud, between clouds, or between clouds and the ground. The first variety, intra-cloud lightning, is the most frequent but is often hidden from our view. Cloud-to-ground lightning, making up about 20 percent of lightning discharges
28、, is what we usually see. Lightning comes in several forms, including sheet, ribbon, and ball. Intra-cloud lightning can illuminate a cloud so it looks like a white sheet, hence its name. When cloud-to-ground lightning occurs during strong winds, they can shift the lightning channel sideways, so it
29、looks like a ribbon. The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for severa
30、l seconds. 4 Thunder is generated by the tremendous heat released in a lightning discharge. Temperatures near the discharge can reach as high as 50,000 F within thousandths of a second. This sudden heating acts as an explosion, generating shock waves we hear as thunder. 5 About 2,000 thunderstorms a
31、re occurring in the world at any tie, generating about 100 lighting strikes every second, or 8 million daily. Within the United States, lightning strikes are estimated at 20 million a year, or about 22,000 per day. You have a l-in-600,000 chance of being struck by lightning during your lifetime. Lig
32、htning can strike twice or more in the same spot. The Empire State Building in New York is struck by lightning about two dozen times annually.A. Lightening Causes Puzzles to PeopleB. Types of LightningC. Causes of LightningD. Differences Between Thunder and ThunderstormE. Frequencies of Thunderstorm
33、s Occurring in the World and the U. S.F. Shock Waves as Thunder（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph 5（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_A. occurs most infrequentlyB. is shifted sideways by strong windsC. stri
34、ke twice or more in the same spotD. is equipped with a good knowledge of various forms of lightningE. is estimated at 20 million a yearF. is positively charged（分数：10.00）(1).In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).One form of lightning that 1is ball light
35、ning.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Cloud lightning looks like a ribbon when its lighting channel 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Although not fully understanding processes of lightning, man 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Lightening can 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_四、填句补文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Life Can Be Happy and Meaningful Not long ago, a poll
36、 was conducted among students in a middle school. They were asked to make a choice between these two sentences“No one can be happy“ and “One can be happy“. Shockingly enough, about 60 percent of the students agreed to the first statement. But to live on, wed better say to ourselves that there is hap
37、piness in life. 1The more I think, the more I am convinced that if we have a right attitude towards life, our lives can surely be happy and meaningful. It is true that all people have some bitter experiences. 2Many people admire Madam Curie, and say with a sigh, “If I could live like her, I would be
38、 the happiest person in the world.“ But if we take a close look at her life, we will find her happiness is closely connected with her misfortunes. First of all, she did not have a happy childhood. 3In her research work, she had to sit up late night after night. She experienced many losses, tooshe lo
39、st her beloved father, her dear husband, and later her eyesight. But she never complained and never stopped working for the benefit of mankind. That is why her life was happy and meaningful. 4 Some people complain that their work is insignificant and thus their lives are meaningless. But what kind o
40、f work is significant? Worker, peasants, teachers, and scientists, they are all working for the welfare of mankind, themselves included. That is where the meaning of life lies. 5Once a friend of mine told me he felt very wretched for having to work as a teacher. “Our lives can be compared to candles
41、. While giving light lo others, we ourselves are burning out. Our students may become famous one day, but what will become of us? We shall only remain what we arefameless and wealthless. “Paradoxically, I would rather think he was giving a vivid description of the nobleness of a teacher. Different p
42、eople may think of life differently. But of one thing I am certain: happiness never favors those who merely care about themselves, and the meaning of life cannot be understood by those who refuse to sacrifice anything for others.A. But some people seem to think little of such a life.B. She awoke to
43、the realities of life.C. When she was in France, she studied twice as hard as others but lived a poor and simple life.D. She fought against lifes bitterness and difficulties and conquered them all.E. I have been thinking of this question ever since.F. But it is through overcoming hardships that our
44、happiness emerges.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、填词补文(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Saving Money Where you save your money often depends on what you are saving for. If you are saving to buy a dictionary or to go to a concert, then you probably keep your money 1 in your room. If you are 2 for a big
45、purchase like a mountain bike or a school trip, where would you save your money? One place to save money is the bank. Putting your money in a savings account will help your money 3 more money. If you put your money in a piggy bank (猪形储煤罐) ,one year later youll still have the 4 amount of money you pu
46、t in. If you put your money in a savings account, one year later, youll have more money than you put in. Why? When you keep your money in a 5 , your money earns interest. 6 is the amount of money a bank pays you to use your money. The bank uses your money (and the money of other people, too) to loan
47、 money to people and businesses. Another way you can save money is to buy a certificate of deposit or CD. If you have some money that you don t need to use for a 7 time, this is a good way to make your money 8 Since the bank is using your money for that time period, it will 9 you interest. You will
48、earn more interest with a CD than in a savings account. Can you guess why? Its because you promise to leave your money in the bank for a certain period of time. Banks pay 10 rates of interest.A. long B. same C. bankD. earn E. pay F. growG. inside H. different I. interestJ. somewhere K. saving L. raise（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、完形补文(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Online Dating Online dating is a dati
