1、现代语言学自考题-24 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART ONE/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、B(总题数：17，分数：17.00)1.The view that human brain is the source of human language and cognition goes back _. A. less than 1000 years B. over 2000 years C. less than 2000 years D. over 3000 years（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The case of Phineas Ga
2、ge showed as that _. A. human language ability is not located in the brain because Phineas brain was so damaged, he could still speak B. human language ability is located in the right hemisphere of the brain C. if human language ability is located in the brain, it is situated right at the front D. i
3、f human language ability is located in the brain, it is not situated right at the front（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Lying under the skull, the human brain contains an average of ten billion nerve cells called _. A. nerve fibers B. nerves C. neurons D. cerebral cortex（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Which of the following c
4、hoices is not the key biological basis for human language acquisition? A. Cerebral cortex. B. Neurons. C. Eyes. D. Angular gyrus.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Which of the major mental functions listed below is not under the control of the left hemisphere in most people? A. language and speech. B. visual and s
5、patial skills. C. reading and writing. D. analytic reasoning.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Psycholinguists are particularly interested in _. A. brain lateralization B. linguistic lateralization C. both A and B D. neither A nor B（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.A signal coming in the left ear will go to the _ hemisphere. A.
6、right B. left C. front D. back（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, in addition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulation of utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to language, namely, _. A. Brocas area, Wernickes area a
7、nd the angular gyrus B. Brocas area, Wernickes area and cerebral cortex C. Brocas area, Wernickes area and neurons D. Brocas area, Wernickes area and Exners area（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Many aphasics do not show total language loss. Rather, different aspects of language are impaired. Aphasics in _ area re
8、veal word-finding difficulties and problems with syntax. A. Wernikers B. visual C. motor D. Brocas（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10._ produce fast and fluent speech with good intonation and pronunciation but the content of their speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete nonsense, often as unintelligible
9、. A. Brocas aphasic B. The linguistic deprivation C. The damage on the angular gyrus D. Wernickes aphasic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.In the brain _ fulfills the function of speech production. A. Angular gyrus B. Brocas area C. The right hemisphere D. Wernickes area（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The critical period for
10、 language acquisition refers to the short period of _ years old in ones life, during which the human brain is most ready to acquire a particular language. A. 12 B. 212 C. 112 D. 1318（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The _ age for the acquisition of the first language coincides with the period of brain lateralizat
11、ion. A. young B. old C. critical D. flexible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.What can be drawn safely from the case of Genie is that _. A. it confirms the critical period hypothesis B. humans language acquisition device is independent of other intellectual abilities C. language can not be acquired at all after t
12、he critical period D. the language faculty of an average human degenerates after the critical period and consequently, most linguistic skills cannot develop（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.It was Aristotles idea about language and thought that _. A. thought was the souls discourse with itself B. thinking involve
13、d the same motor activities used in speaking C. mankind could not have the same languages and languages were but signs of psychological experiences D. thinking was a system of movements that had been reduced from actual speech to the point where they were no longer visible.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.The st
14、rong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis proposes that the language we speak determines the way we perceive the world and therefore the nature of _. A. thought B. language C. psycholinguistics D. human behavior（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.Language and thought may be viewed as two independent circles overla
15、pping in some parts. When language and thought are identical or closely parallel to each other, we may regard thought as “subvocal speech,“ and speech as “_“. A. vocal thought B. subvocal thought C. covert thought D. overt thought（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、BPART TWO/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、B(总题数：16，分数：16.00)18.P
16、1 studies language in relation to the mind.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_19.We may very well say that human language is biologically, or more exactly, n 1 based.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_20.It is generally recognized that human beings are gifted by their b 1 endowment to acquire and use language.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_21.The left
17、 hemisphere controls voluntary movements of, and responds to signals from, the r 1 side of the body.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_22.Many of the cognitive abilities that distinguish humans from other mammals are believed to reside in the c 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_23.The human brain is divided into two roughly symmetric
18、al h 1, one is on the right and the other on the left.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_24.The brains neurological specialization for language is called linguistic l 1, which is specific to human beings.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_25.Language functions are believed to be lateralized primarily in the l 1 hemisphere of the brain.（
19、分数：1.00）填空项 1:_26.D 1 listening tests involve simultaneously presenting, through earphones, two different auditory signals, one to the right ear and the other to the left ear.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_27.When we listen, the word is heard and comprehended via W 1 area.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_28.This neurological flexi
20、bility is referred to in the literature as cerebral p 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_29.Genies case not only confirms the critical period hypothesis, but also the view that humans language a 1 device is independent of other intellectual abilities.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_30.According to linguistic d 1, language determine
21、s thought.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_31.In general, language provides a means for the expression or communication of thought, and in particular, it serves two major functions, i 1 communication and intrapersonal communication.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_32.People may communicate their feelings or thoughts via n 1 signals
22、such as facial expressions, gestures, postures, or proxemic space.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_33.The relationship between the c 1 system of language and the conceptualizing system of thought is conventional rather than genetic.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_五、B(总题数：25，分数：25.00)34.Generally speaking, left-handed people have th
23、eir language centers in the left hemisphere of the brain.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误35.The right hemisphere controls voluntary movements of, and responds to signals from, the right side of the body.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误36.The cerebral cortex is the most important part of the human brain.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误37.The ce
24、rebral cortex is the decision-making organ of the body, receiving messages from all the sensory organs and initiating all voluntary actions.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误38.In most people, the right hemisphere controls visual and spatial skills as well as the perception of nonlinguistic sounds and musical melodi
25、es.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误39.The left hemisphere of the brain is superior to the right hemisphere because the left hemisphere is language-dominant.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误40.Linguistic lateralization in terms of right hemispheric dominance for language is found to exist in an overwhelming majority of human being
26、s.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误41.It is commonly held that brain lateralization appears to be specific to human beings.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误42.Brocas area, Wernickes area and angular gyrus are all located in the left hemisphere of the brain.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误43.Language processing centres within the brain are situat
27、ed in different areas of the left hemisphere of the human brain.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误44.Research findings have shown that language processing centers are situated in a single area of the left hemisphere.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误45.Wernickes work strengthened Brocas claim that left hemispheric structures are ess
28、ential for speech.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误46.The human brain is not fully developed at birth. Rather, it matures gradually over a period of several years.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误47.Eric Lenneberg was a major opponent of the idea that there is a critical period for language acquisition.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误48.Children
29、 who suffer aphasia before puberty have a much more rapid and complete recovery than do other children.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误49.If a child is deprived of linguistic environment, he or she is unlikely to learn a language successfully later on.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误50.The case of Genie confirms that the languag
30、e faculty of an average human degenerates after the critical period and consequently, most linguistic skills cannot develop.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误51.Aristotle suggested that thought was the souls discourse with itself.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误52.The strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis proposes that lang
31、uage determine thought.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误53.According to the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, speakers perceptions determine language and pattern their way of life.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误54.The fact that successful translation between languages can be made is one of the major arguments against
32、 the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误55.Language is the only means of expressing thought.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误56.It is always impossible for human beings to think without language since language and thought may blend together as “verbal thought“ and “inner speech“.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误57.Speakers of
33、 different languages are capable of distinguishing and recognizing experiences of the same objective world according to their respective different linguistic coding system.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误58.Language determines the way human beings perceive the objective world, as it is stated in the coursebook.（分数
34、：1.00）A.正确B.错误六、B(总题数：13，分数：26.00)59.psycholinguistics（分数：2.00）_60.cerebral cortex（分数：2.00）_61.brain lateralization（分数：2.00）_62.right ear advantage（分数：2.00）_63.dichotic listening（分数：2.00）_64.language centers（分数：2.00）_65.Brocas area（分数：2.00）_66.Wernickes area（分数：2.00）_67.angular gyrus（分数：2.00）_68.the
35、 critical period hypothesis（分数：2.00）_69.cerebral plasticity（分数：2.00）_70.the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis（分数：2.00）_71.interpersonal communication（分数：2.00）_七、B(总题数：2，分数：16.00)72.What is Brocas area and what will happen if any damage is inflicted upon it?（分数：8.00）_73.Describe the process of language percepti
36、on, comprehension and production.（分数：8.00）_现代语言学自考题-24 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART ONE/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、B(总题数：17，分数：17.00)1.The view that human brain is the source of human language and cognition goes back _. A. less than 1000 years B. over 2000 years C. less than 2000 years D. over 3000 year
37、s（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 人类认为大脑是人类语言和认知能力源泉的观点可以追溯到 2000年以前。2.The case of Phineas Gage showed as that _. A. human language ability is not located in the brain because Phineas brain was so damaged, he could still speak B. human language ability is located in the right hemisphere of the brain C. if hu
38、man language ability is located in the brain, it is situated right at the front D. if human language ability is located in the brain, it is not situated right at the front（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 在一次事故中，一根巨大的金属棒洞穿了盖奇的大脑前部，但是他的语言能力并没有受到影响。这个奇怪的盖奇案例表明，如果我们的语言能力确实是来源于大脑的话，有一点是很明显的，即它并不是正好位于大脑的前部。3.Lying
39、 under the skull, the human brain contains an average of ten billion nerve cells called _. A. nerve fibers B. nerves C. neurons D. cerebral cortex（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 人的大脑位于头盖骨之下，平均包括 100亿个被称为神经元的神经细胞。每个神经元至少和一千到一万个其他的神经元相联系。4.Which of the following choices is not the key biological basis for hum
40、an language acquisition? A. Cerebral cortex. B. Neurons. C. Eyes. D. Angular gyrus.（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 大脑中最重要的一部分是位于大脑外面表层的被称为大脑皮层的东西。大脑皮层是决定作出的器官，它负责从所有的感官接收信息并引发所有的随意活动。角形脑回是一个负责把视觉刺激转变为听觉形式或相反的语言中枢。这个区域对于观察到的物体与言语形式的匹配、物体的命名及书面语言的理解等所有这些需要视觉部位与言语部分通力合作的现象而言，是非常关键的。5.Which of the major mental
41、functions listed below is not under the control of the left hemisphere in most people? A. language and speech. B. visual and spatial skills. C. reading and writing. D. analytic reasoning.（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 每个大脑半球所负责的某些主要智力功能的大脑侧化的情况是：左半球，语言和言语行为、分解推理、时间顺序、读写能力、计算、联想。右半球，非语言声音的感知、整体推理、视觉及空间能力、模型
42、辨认、音乐旋律的识别。6.Psycholinguists are particularly interested in _. A. brain lateralization B. linguistic lateralization C. both A and B D. neither A nor B（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 心理语言学家在对大脑左右半球侧化的研究中，对语言的侧化也就是说语言的神经转化特点兴趣颇高。人们发现大脑左半球具有语言优势的这种语言侧化现象在绝大多数人类的身上都存在。7.A signal coming in the left ear will go t
43、o the _ hemisphere. A. right B. left C. front D. back（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 两耳分听作业的实验表明，从左耳进来的信号常常会输往大脑右半球，反之亦然。8.Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, in addition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulation of utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to language, namely, _. A. Brocas area, Wernickes area and the angul
