1、河南省专升本英语分类模拟题 28 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Are some people both clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some exten
2、t, our intelligence is given with birth. No amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with a low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits o
3、f a person“s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits depends on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways. It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relation
4、ship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as
5、intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth. Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example,
6、to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other but w
7、ho are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.（分数：20.00）(1).The writer is in favor of the view that man“s intelligence is given to him _.（分数：4.00）A.at birthB.both at birth and through educationC.through educationD.neither at birth nor through education(2).If a child is
8、born with low intelligence, he can _.（分数：4.00）A.never become a geniusB.still become a genius if he should be given special educationC.exceed his intelligence limits in rich surroundingsD.not reach his intelligence in his life(3).In the second paragraph the sentence “if we take two unrelated people a
9、t random from the population.“ means that if we _.（分数：4.00）A.pick any two personsB.take out two different personsC.choose two persons who are not relativesD.choose two persons with different intelligence(4).The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately shows _.（分数：4.00）A
10、.the importance of their intelligenceB.the role of environment on intelligenceC.the importance of their positionsD.the part that birth plays(5).The best title of this passage can be _.（分数：4.00）A.Surroundings and IntelligenceB.IntelligenceC.Dependence on EnvironmentD.Effect of Education on Intelligen
11、ce三、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Some people argue that the pressure on international sportsmen and sportswomen kills the essence of sportthe pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they s
12、till enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself. He has to think only about winning. He is responsible for the entire nation“s hopes, dreams and reputation. A good example is the football World Cup. Football is the world“s most important spor
13、t. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention Argentina to someone and the chances are that he“ll think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map. Sports fans and supporters get quite unreasonable about the World Cup. People i
14、n England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money traveling to Argentina, where the finals were played. So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport
15、? Certainly not! Do the Argentinean really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others? Not really. But it“s nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best.（分数：20.00）(1).What is th
16、e author“s main purpose in the passage? _（分数：4.00）A.To explain the role of sport.B.To compare Scotland with Argentina.C.To show that Argentina is better than all others.D.To prove that football is the world“s most important sport.(2).In the second paragraph, the word “summit“ means “_“.（分数：4.00）A.aw
17、ardB.summaryC.highest pointD.mountain top(3).According to the passage, Argentina is world-famous because of its _.（分数：4.00）A.obvious position on the mapB.successes in the football World CupC.excellence at most important sportsD.large number of sports fans and supporters(4).According to the passage,
18、if a sportsman only thinks about winning, he will _.（分数：4.00）A.fail to succeedB.lose enjoymentC.be successfulD.be unreasonable(5).What is the author“s attitude towards international games? _（分数：4.00）A.Nations that meet on a football field are unlikely to meet on a battlefield.B.Nations that win the
19、football World Cup are regarded as best in all aspects.C.Nations that win in international games prove the best on the sports field at least.D.Nations that give much attention to international competitions are world-famous in many ways.四、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：20.00)At the first sight the planet Mar
20、s does not appear very welcome to any kind of life. It has very little oxygen and water, the temperature at night is below 50 and winds of 100 miles per hour cause severe dust storms. However, the surface of the planet seems to show that water flowed across it sometime in the past, and it is believe
21、d that there is enough ice at the poles to cover the planet with water if it melts. Although there is no life on the Mars now, some scientists think that there may have been some form of life long time ago. At that time, the planet had active volcanoes; the atmosphere was thicker and warmer; and the
22、re was water. In fact, in some ways the Mars may have been similar to the Earth, where life exists. Some people believe that the Mars could support life in the future if the right conditions were produced. The first step would be to warm the planet using certain gases which trap the Sun“s heat in th
23、e planet“s atmosphere. With warmth, water and carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), simple plants could begin to grow. These plants could slowly make the Mars more suitable for living. It is estimated that the whole process might take between 100,000 and 200,000 years. In the meantime, people could begin to live on
24、 the planet in special closed environments. They would provide a lot of useful information about conditions on the Mars and the problems connected with living there.（分数：20.00）(1).Some scientists think there may have been life on the Mars in the past because _.（分数：4.00）A.there is no life there nowB.t
25、here is a large amount of water at the polesC.the Mars may be able to support life in the futureD.conditions may have been similar to those on the Earth(2).There could be life on the Mars in the future if _.（分数：4.00）A.it supported life in the pastB.certain gases are used to cool the planetC.the atmo
26、sphere can be heated enough to grow simple plantsD.the planet“s volcanoes become as active as they were in the past(3).People may be able to live on the Mars _.（分数：4.00）A.within the next 200,000 yearsB.only 200,000 years from nowC.only 150,000 years from nowD.as soon as the planet becomes cool enoug
27、h(4).The author“s attitude towards the possibility of life on the Mars in the future is _.（分数：4.00）A.doubtfulB.positiveC.negativeD.uninterested(5).Which is the best title for this passage? _.（分数：4.00）A.The Possibility of Life on the MarsB.Future Conditions on the MarsC.The Mars and the EarthD.A Stud
28、y of the Climate of the Mars五、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：20.00)For an increasing number of students at American universities, old is suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs. Coupled with the aging of the baby-boom generation, a longer life span means that the nation“s elderl
29、y population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050, 25 percent of all Americans will be older than 65, up from 14 percent in 1995. The change poses profound questions for government and society, of course. But it also creates career opportunities in medicine and health pro
30、fessions and in law and business as well. “In addition to the doctors, we“re going to need more sociologists, biologists, urban planners and specialized lawyers.“ says Professor Edward Schneider of the University of Southern California“s USC. School of Gerontology (老年学). Lawyers can specialize in “e
31、ider law“, which covers everything from trusts and estates to nursing-home abuse and age discrimination (歧视). Businessmen see huge opportunities in the elder market because the baby boomers, 74 million strong, are likely to be the wealthiest group of retirees in human history. “Any student who combi
32、nes an expert knowledge in gerontology with, say, an MBA or law degree will have a license to print money.“ one professor says. Margarita Santos is a 21-year-old senior at USC. She began college as a biology major but found she was “really bored with bacteria“. So she took a class in gerontology and
33、 discovered that she liked it. She says, “I did volunteer work in retirement homes and it was very satisfying.“（分数：20.00）(1).“Old is suddenly in“ (Para. 1) most probably means _.（分数：4.00）A.America has suddenly become a nation of old peopleB.gerontology has suddenly become popularC.more elderly profe
34、ssors are found on American campusesD.American colleges have realized the need of enrolling older students(2).With the aging of America, lawyers can benefit _.（分数：4.00）A.from the adoption of the “elder law“B.from rendering special services to the elderlyC.by enriching their professional knowledgeD.b
35、y winning the trust of the elderly to promote their own interests(3).Why can businessmen make money in the emerging elder market? _（分数：4.00）A.Retirees are more generous in spending money.B.They can employ more gerontologists.C.The elderly possess an enormous purchasing power.D.There are more elderly
36、 people working than before.(4).Who can make big money in the new century according to the passage? _（分数：4.00）A.Retirees who are business-minded.B.The volunteer workers in retirement homes.C.College graduates with an MBA or law degree.D.Professionals with a good knowledge of gerontology.(5).It can b
37、e seen from the passage that the expansion of America“s elderly population _.（分数：4.00）A.will provide good job opportunities in many areasB.will impose an unbearable burden on societyC.may lead to nursing-home abuse and age discriminationD.will create new fields of study in universities六、Passage Five
38、(总题数：1，分数：20.00)In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety
39、certainly makes the worker“s life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then variety is not an important factor. Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that
40、 this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. Another important consider
41、ation is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than a large one, so that each worker contributes more to the productio
42、n of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is degree of worker contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about. To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this important. But perhaps they w
43、ant more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hour
44、s be so important to them.（分数：20.00）(1).Which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is NOT TRUE? _（分数：4.00）A.To make jobs more varied.B.To give the worker freedom to do his job in his own way.C.Degree of work contribution.D.Demands for longer working hours.(2).Why workers want mo
45、re money? _（分数：4.00）A.Because their jobs are too boring.B.In order to enjoy more spare time.C.To make their jobs more interesting.D.To demand shorter working hours.(3).The last sentence in this passage means that if we succeed in making workers“ jobs more interesting _.（分数：4.00）A.they will want more
46、 moneyB.they will demand shorter working hoursC.more money and shorter working hours are important factorsD.more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them(4).In this passage, the author tells us _.（分数：4.00）A.how to make the workers more productiveB.possible factors leading to
47、greater efficiencyC.to what extent more money leads to greater productivityD.how to make workers“ jobs more interesting(5).The author of this passage is probably a _.（分数：4.00）A.teacherB.workerC.managerD.physicist河南省专升本英语分类模拟题 28 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passag
48、e One(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Are some people both clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent, our intelligence is given with birth. No amount of special education can make a genius
49、 out of a child born with a low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person“s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits depends on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways. It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are bo
