1、山西省专升本综合英语模拟 8 及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary however, the need for making people sociable in this sense has come to be regarded as one of the functions of education. Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that the
2、 educational system fails. It probably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready to help one another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, the U. S. elementary education is supposed to make children _.（分数：3.00）A.sensible and s
3、ensitiveB.competitive and interestedC.curious and friendlyD.happy and cooperative(2).Some Americans complain about elementary schools because they think _.（分数：3.00）A.children are reluctant to help each otherB.schools lay too much emphasis on cooperationC.children should grow up with competitive idea
4、sD.schools give little actual instruction to children(3).The author“s attitude towards American education can be best described as _.（分数：3.00）A.favorableB.negativeC.tolerantD.unfriendly(4).The American educational system emphasizes _.（分数：3.00）A.material wealthB.competitionC.cooperationD.personal ben
5、efit(5).The word “sociable“ most probably means _.（分数：3.00）A.fond of talking freelyB.friendly with other peopleC.concerned about social welfareD.happy at school五、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：15.00)While the cities of China have undergone modernization evident in the rising towers and bright lights that have a
6、wakened the sleeping country, the countryside remains largely the same. Rectangular (长方形的) rows of rice fields litter the landscape separated by long lanes of water designed to provide the constant supply of water that is vital to producing the crop. The experience is not unlike driving through the
7、American Midwest, only rice not corn dominates the landscape. Four years ago, when I last took this trip, the roads were dusted and telephone wires did not run parallel to the highway. Bare roads had been replaced by sleek, newly paved highways running from Shanghai to Nanking, to my smaller home ci
8、ty, Wuhu. Unlike the changes I had heard of and expected in Shanghai, Wuhu was much more of a surprise. The small city where I was born had grown up as I have. There are large high-rise buildings, each ringed with smaller buildings around it, many of these apartment complexes. Little seemed familiar
9、 and I wonder what my grandparents“ Flat built of brick and mortar(灰泥) had become. Perhaps I shouldn“t have been surprised to find out that their home had been demolished(拆除) and rebuilt as a six-story apartment complex as well. Walking up to the second floor I saw my grandfather“s face peering out
10、of the screen door. He began to smile as he saw me, and so did I. Their home is now no different from a western apartment. Equipped with the modern amenities(便利设施) of a gas stove, a toilet, a showerthis was indeed different from four years ago.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the author, dramatic changes
11、took place in _.（分数：3.00）A.cities but not countryside of ChinaB.countryside but not in large citiesC.both cities and countryside of ChinaD.everywhere(2).It can be inferred from the second paragraph that _.（分数：3.00）A.peasants lead similar life all over the worldB.Chinese irrigating system is more imp
12、ressing than that in AmericaC.peasants in Midwest America raise more corns while Chinese peasants raise more riceD.peasants in Midwest America raise more rice while Chinese peasants raise more corns(3).The author was traveling to Wuhu _.（分数：3.00）A.in order to take a stop during the trip from Shangha
13、i to NankingB.in order to find some place similar to his hometownC.in order to visit his grandparentsD.in order to find out changes in small cities(4).The author“s grandparents _.（分数：3.00）A.live in their house of brick and mortarB.live in an apartment similar to westerners“C.led a totally westernize
14、d lifeD.was poor as they always were(5).Which of the following is the best title for this passage?（分数：3.00）A.Flash back to ChinaB.Back with My GrandparentsC.Wuhu TodayD.From Shanghai to Nanking六、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The pleasures which a movie offers to our eyes have been paid for with the loss
15、of sight of a man whose name is hardly known outside the annals of scienceJoseph Plateau, a Belgian professor, born in Brussels in 1801. He studied the mechanism of sight, beginning a series of most dangerous experiments at the age of 28 by staring into the sun for 25 seconds to see what the effect
16、on his eyes would be. He was blind for nearly a month. But he went on experimenting, increasing the length of time during which he looked into the sun, knowing that in the end this would cost him his sight. At the age of 42 he was completely and incurably blind; the sun had destroyed the retina (视网膜
17、) of his eye. But he continued to work as well as he could until he died at the age of 82. Science profited enormously from his research. He studied the so-called “inertia of the eye“ (视觉暂留) which makes a picture remain on the retina for about one-sixth of a second after it has disappeared from our
18、vision. This means that, if we see a succession of individual pictures each of which appears only for a fraction of a second, they “overlap“ in our brain; and if they show consecutive phases of movement, that movement will appear to us to be continuous.（分数：15.00）(1).Plateau“s experiments were the fi
19、rst step leading to the invention of _.（分数：3.00）A.eyeglassesB.telescopesC.bifocalsD.motion pictures(2).The result of Plateau“s first experiment was that _.（分数：3.00）A.he went permanently blindB.he stopped staring into the sunC.he went blind for a monthD.he found what he was looking for(3).A picture r
20、emains on the retina for _.（分数：3.00）A.6 secondsB.1 secondC.16 secondsD.1/6 of a second(4).The images that we see are recorded in _.（分数：3.00）A.the brainB.the eyeC.the retina of eyeD.the pupil(5).Motion pictures _.（分数：3.00）A.cause inertia of the eyeB.show a succession of unrelated movementC.show conse
21、cutive phases of movement which appear continuousD.show each phase of movement for one-half of a second七、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Although each baby has an individual schedule of development, general patterns of growth have been observed. Three periods of development have been identified (确定), inclu
22、ding early infancy (幼儿期), which extends from the first to the sixth month; middle infancy, from the sixth to the ninth month; and late infancy, from the ninth to the fifteenth month. Whereas the newborn is concerned with his or her inner world and reacts primarily to hunger and pain in early infancy
23、, the baby is already aware of the surrounding world. During the second month, many infants are awake more and can raise their heads to look at things. They also begin to smile at people. By four months, the baby is searching for things but not yet grasping them with its hands. It is also beginning
24、to be wary(谨慎的) of strangers and may scream when a visiting relative tries to pick it up. By five months, the baby is grabbing objects and putting them into its mouth. Some babies are trying to feed themselves with their hands. In middle infancy, the baby concentrates on practicing a great many spee
25、ch sounds. It loves to imitate actions and examine interesting objects. At about seven months, it begins to crawl, a skill that it masters at the end of middle infancy. In late infancy, the baby takes an interest in games, songs, and even books. Progress toward walking moves through standing, balanc
26、ing, bouncing in place, and walking with others. As soon as the baby walks well alone, it has passed from infancy into the active toddler (蹒跚学步) stage.（分数：15.00）(1).What is the main subject of this reading passage?（分数：3.00）A.Growth in early infancy.B.The active toddler.C.How a baby learns to walk.D.
27、The developmental stages of infancy.(2).When does a baby take an interest in books?（分数：3.00）A.After nine months.B.At two months.C.After five months.D.In middle infancy.(3).What would a six-month-old baby love to do?（分数：3.00）A.Smile at people.B.Crawl on the floor.C.Imitate actions.D.Play simple games
28、.(4).The meaning of the word “grasp“ (paragraph 1) is _.（分数：3.00）A.watchB.likeC.holdD.fear(5).When does a baby became frightened of unfamiliar people?（分数：3.00）A.In early infancy.B.In middle infancy.C.In late infancy.D.In the toddler stage.八、Writing(总题数：1，分数：40.00)21.Directions: According to the give
29、n information, you are required to write A Letter for Complaint in about 100 words. The letter is required to be written on the Answer Sheet. 假设你叫黄琦，上月去广州出差时，在一家商店买了一架照相机，并在广州拍了一些照片。回家后将胶卷冲洗出来，却发现什么也没照上，因此非常恼火。今天(7 月 15 日)给商店写封投诉信，并寄回相机，坚决要求退款。 （分数：40.00）_山西省专升本综合英语模拟 8 答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、V
30、ocabulary however, the need for making people sociable in this sense has come to be regarded as one of the functions of education. Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that the educational system fails. It probably does s
31、ucceed in making most people sociable and ready to help one another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, the U. S. elementary education is supposed to make children _.（分数：3.00）A.sensible and sensitiveB.competitive and interestedC.curious
32、 and friendlyD.happy and cooperative 解析：解析 事实细节题。文章第一段第三句谈到老师们都认可让孩子们开心、有兴趣很重要；第二段前两句又提到社会性教育强调的是合作而不是竞争。因此 D 最符合题意。(2).Some Americans complain about elementary schools because they think _.（分数：3.00）A.children are reluctant to help each otherB.schools lay too much emphasis on cooperationC.children s
33、hould grow up with competitive ideasD.schools give little actual instruction to children 解析：解析 事实细节题。答案在第一段最后一句：“.many people now think that they have gone too far in the direction of trying to make children happy and interested rather than giving them actual instruction.”(许多人认为在使孩子们开心、有兴趣方面做得太多，却没给
34、他们实际的指导。)注意选项 D 里的 little 表示“几乎没有”。(3).The author“s attitude towards American education can be best described as _.（分数：3.00）A.favorable B.negativeC.tolerantD.unfriendly解析：解析 推理判断题。题目要求判断作者对美国教育持何种态度。选项分别为 favorable(赞许的)，negative(否定的)，tolerant(容忍的)，unfriendly(不友好的)。答案在第二段最后：“it is not fair to say tha
35、t the educational system fails. It probably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready to help one another.”(说这种教育制度失败是不公平的。它或许的确成功地使大部分人对人友善并乐于助人。)由此可见，作者对美国教育持赞赏态度。(4).The American educational system emphasizes _.（分数：3.00）A.material wealthB.competitionC.cooperation D.personal benefit解析：
36、解析 事实细节题。答案在文章第二段第二句：“so the emphasis is on cooperation.”，由此得知美国教育制度强调的是合作。(5).The word “sociable“ most probably means _.（分数：3.00）A.fond of talking freelyB.friendly with other people C.concerned about social welfareD.happy at school解析：解析 词语理解题。sociable 意为“好交际的，友善的”。由文章可知美国的教育强调合作，使人们变得友善，并乐于助人。因此 B
37、最符合题意。五、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：15.00)While the cities of China have undergone modernization evident in the rising towers and bright lights that have awakened the sleeping country, the countryside remains largely the same. Rectangular (长方形的) rows of rice fields litter the landscape separated by long lane
38、s of water designed to provide the constant supply of water that is vital to producing the crop. The experience is not unlike driving through the American Midwest, only rice not corn dominates the landscape. Four years ago, when I last took this trip, the roads were dusted and telephone wires did no
39、t run parallel to the highway. Bare roads had been replaced by sleek, newly paved highways running from Shanghai to Nanking, to my smaller home city, Wuhu. Unlike the changes I had heard of and expected in Shanghai, Wuhu was much more of a surprise. The small city where I was born had grown up as I
40、have. There are large high-rise buildings, each ringed with smaller buildings around it, many of these apartment complexes. Little seemed familiar and I wonder what my grandparents“ Flat built of brick and mortar(灰泥) had become. Perhaps I shouldn“t have been surprised to find out that their home had
41、 been demolished(拆除) and rebuilt as a six-story apartment complex as well. Walking up to the second floor I saw my grandfather“s face peering out of the screen door. He began to smile as he saw me, and so did I. Their home is now no different from a western apartment. Equipped with the modern amenit
42、ies(便利设施) of a gas stove, a toilet, a showerthis was indeed different from four years ago.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the author, dramatic changes took place in _.（分数：3.00）A.cities but not countryside of China B.countryside but not in large citiesC.both cities and countryside of ChinaD.everywhere解析：解
43、析 事实细节题。本题考查对第一段的理解，总的意思是虽然大城市有巨大的变化，但是农村还是老样子。(2).It can be inferred from the second paragraph that _.（分数：3.00）A.peasants lead similar life all over the worldB.Chinese irrigating system is more impressing than that in AmericaC.peasants in Midwest America raise more corns while Chinese peasants rais
44、e more rice D.peasants in Midwest America raise more rice while Chinese peasants raise more corns解析：解析 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句：“眼前的景象很容易让人想起美国的中西部地区，只不过那里到处是玉米，这儿到处是大米。”可知美国中西部的农民种植玉米较多而中国农民种植大米较多。(3).The author was traveling to Wuhu _.（分数：3.00）A.in order to take a stop during the trip from Shanghai to Nank
45、ingB.in order to find some place similar to his hometownC.in order to visit his grandparents D.in order to find out changes in small cities解析：解析 推理判断题。由第三段最后一句可推知：芜湖是作者的家乡，他回去是要看望自己的祖父母，故选 C。(4).The author“s grandparents _.（分数：3.00）A.live in their house of brick and mortarB.live in an apartment simi
46、lar to westerners“ C.led a totally westernized lifeD.was poor as they always were解析：解析 事实细节题。根据最后一段“Their home is now no different from a western apartment.”，判断出作者的祖父母住在与西方人住宅类似的房子里面，故选 B。(5).Which of the following is the best title for this passage?（分数：3.00）A.Flash back to China B.Back with My Gran
47、dparentsC.Wuhu TodayD.From Shanghai to Nanking解析：解析 主旨大意题。短文讲述作者回到祖国的所闻所感。芜湖、祖父母、旅途都只是短文涉及的一个方面，因此选项 A 最适合做标题。六、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The pleasures which a movie offers to our eyes have been paid for with the loss of sight of a man whose name is hardly known outside the annals of scienceJoseph Pl
48、ateau, a Belgian professor, born in Brussels in 1801. He studied the mechanism of sight, beginning a series of most dangerous experiments at the age of 28 by staring into the sun for 25 seconds to see what the effect on his eyes would be. He was blind for nearly a month. But he went on experimenting
49、, increasing the length of time during which he looked into the sun, knowing that in the end this would cost him his sight. At the age of 42 he was completely and incurably blind; the sun had destroyed the retina (视网膜) of his eye. But he continued to work as well as he could until he died at the age of 82. Science profited enormously from his resear
